Тесты по английскому языку. Заключительный этап подготовки к централизованному тестированию и экзамену

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Almost everyone has friends but ideas about friendship vary from person to person. Although different people emphasize different aspects of (B7) … there is one element which is (B8) … present and that is the element of choice. We may not be able to select our families, our colleagues or even the people that take the bus with us but we can (B9) … our friends. Somebody once said, «A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen.» It is this (B10) … of choice that makes friendship such a special relationship.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

В11. My friend always looks great, but photographs don’t (воздают ей должное).

В12. (Сначала) the two girls didn’t take to each other, but then they became best friends.

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5 Test 13

OPTING FOR HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

Часть А

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A lot of people have a go (A1) … ice-skating in their teenage years and many will remember slipping over – to the great amusement of friends and family. So for (A2) … majority of people ice-skating is remembered as a skill they couldn’t master. Very few ever go back and attempt to take (A3) … the sport seriously. This is (A4) … shame because once they have overcome their fears and build (A5) … a bit of confidence, people discover that ice skating is (A6) … great exercise as well as being fun. Lots of people now have a chance to rediscover the sport, as most rinks offer special packages for new ice-skaters, including either group or individual lessons. There are various types of ice-skating, but many newcomers (A7) … this sport choose ice-dance as it is the most sociable activity on ice. Skaters find that the thrill of moving (A8) … so gracefully is like nothing else they have ever experienced.

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People say that eating too much junk food and taking no exercise (A9) … in an unhealthy lifestyle and that you are more likely to be ill than much fitter people. I (A10) … for years so I knew I was really unfit. I decided to take up cycling to improve my fitness but my first cycle ride was a disaster. I definitely (A11) … it, so all my muscles were very stiff for days after. Then, as I (A12) … down a big hill, I rode over a stone and fell off

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the bike. I cut my hand and had to use my T-shirt as a bandage to stop the bleeding. When I (A13) … home the cut (A14) … with alcohol and it hurt even more! I felt like a soldier who (A15) … in a war. I knew I (A16) … a lot of persistence if I (A17) … to keep up my new hobby. To make matters worse, I got sick the very next day and spent a week in bed with a sore throat. The bike is still in the garage and I (A18) … it since.

Прочитайте предложения. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

А19. You … smoking, unless you … it yourself. – I feel so happy now without this dreadful addiction.

1)would have never given up, had desired;

2)would have never given up, hadn’t desired;

3)would never give up, desired;

4)never gave up, would desire.

А20. In order to become fit I tried … weight, exerсise and hypnosis.

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А21. To my mind, these vitamins taste … .

А22. If you buy our fitness machine you’ll get a flat stomach with-

А23. Recent … shown that milk, a very nutritious food, containing protein, vitamins and minerals, is useful for children only.

А24. He was speaking about beer drinking … it was the only pleasure

Укажите номер подчёркнутого фрагмента, в котором допущена ошибка.

А25. Swimming is a low-impact (1) sport, so most people enjoy participating in (2) this activity without fear of (3) injury of (4) their bones and muscles.

А26. Many health experts (1) think that walking is better than running because there is less stress on (2) your body when your feet come to contact (3) with the ground (4).

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Finding friends that are willing to join you for dinner has become really hard because of people’s (A27) … with dieting. Dieting seems to have turned into a (A28) … of life for people in big cities, particularly women. The majority of them are usually on some kind of diet and find themselves under constant (A29) … of losing weight. It seems that few people can enjoy a meal without counting (A30) … . But mind you, without expert advice dieting can be as harmful as (A31) … eating!

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A32. Определите ряд, в котором не все слова относятся к теме.

1)strong, robust, fit, unwell;

2)sick, indisposed, ill, ailing;

3)healthy, vigorous, hardy, hale.

А33. Выберите ответную реплику, подходящую по смыслу к предложенной реплике-стимулу.

A34. Выберите реплику-стимул, подходящую к предложенной ответной реплике.

Eating less and exercising more is my choice.

1)Why are you so moody?

2)How about some coffee and cake?

3)What’s the news?

4)How do you manage to stay slim?

A35. Прочитайте вопрос. Выберите один из предложенных вариантов ответа.

Which is the most popular sport in Britain?

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I. At 29, Matt Roberts is Britain’s leading personal trainer. His clients include the rich and the famous: people like supermodel Naomi Campbell and Mel C, the former singer with the pop group Spice Girls. He has already published two books about fitness and he is about to launch his own range of health and fitness products.

II. Unlike many of his clients, Matt has always been sporty. His father, John Roberts, played professional football for top London club Arsenal in the early seventies, and Matt looked set to follow in his footsteps. Then, during an athletics match at school, his plans suddenly changed when he was knocked on the head by a stray discus. Doctors ruled out team sports from then on, and for a few months he got no exercise at all. This gave Matt a brief taste of what it’s like to be out of condition. After that, he decided to focus on another activity he had always excelled at: sprinting. Matt trained

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hard and once even represented England, but already by the age of 16, he had set his sights on becoming a fitness trainer with his own gym.

He recalls: «When my injury meant I wasn’t getting any exercise, I just wasn’t myself. It’s the same for people who are overweight or unfit, they aren’t themselves». For Matt remains convinced that fitness is the basis of a full and happy life.

III. After leaving school, Matt went to the USA. This was a lucky move because his arrival coincided with the rise in the fashion for personal trainers amongst celebrities, and he became one of the pioneers in the field. His first big break came when a rock star who was preparing for a world tour employed him full-time. «It was a great experience», Matt recalls, «coming up with the entire health package for somebody. But intense».

He’s careful, however, even now, not to give away his employer’s identity. And it is this acceptance of the confidential nature of their relationship that his clients value highly, perhaps even more than the training itself. So it comes as no surprise that news of his skills spread through word-of- mouth recommendations.

IV. After six months, Matt moved back to London, where he built up a base of clients whom he trained in their homes before spotting the premises he was looking for in the city’s fashionable Mayfair district. As he was only 22, banks wouldn’t lend Matt the start-up money he needed and suppliers wouldn’t lease equipment. But Matt worked hard to save the capital and moved into what would be first of his chain of gyms.

V. «It’s great to see results in clients», Matt says. «I see myself more as a training partner. I don’t think pupil-teacher thing works with most people. It’s clear to me that the trainers are also psychologists of a kind, achieving kind of mental transformation that changes a couch potato into a gymnast, helping us find the inner strength just waiting to burst free. But then there are trainers and trainers. The 40-pound-per-hour trainer down your local gym may not offer quite same results as Matt, who charges between 80 and 100 pounds. What’s more, he only knows of seven or eight really good trainers in the UK, adding «although of course there might be a lot of good people I haven’t come across».

А36. Matt has always been sporty which differs him from

1)most of his clients;

2)his father who went in for sports only occasionally;

3)other top trainers in the UK.

А37. Matt didn’t become a professional football player as

1)he didn’t have enough exercise for that;

2)he was injured and doctors forbade him to play in the team;

3)he decided to concentrate on another activity which he could do perfectly well.

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А38. His move to the USA was lucky for

1)it was the time when his service as a trainer was called for by the affluent;

2)he became a real celebrity there for his sport achievements;

3)he immediately got full-time employment.

А39. One of the things Mat’s employees appreciate most is

1)his competence and professionalism level;

2)the fact that he can hold his tongue and keep his clients’ secrets;

3)his perfect recommendations.

Определите значение указанного слова в тексте.

А40. to launch (I)

1) to start; 2) to release;

3) to build.

А41. convinced (II)

1) doubtful; 2) positive;

3) certain.

Выберитеправильныйвариантперевода(1,2 или3) всоответствии с содержанием текста.

А42. As he was only 22, banks wouldn’t lend Matt the start-up money he needed and suppliers wouldn’t lease equipment. (IV)

1)Так как ему было всего лишь 22, банки отказались дать Мэтту кредит для начала его бизнеса, а поставщики не позволили арендовать оборудование.

2)Так как ему было всего 22 года, то банки не выдали бы ему начальный капитал, а поставщики не арендовали бы оборудование

3)Потому как ему было всего 22. то он не смог бы взять кредит в банке в качестве начального капитала, который был ему необходим, и не смог бы арендовать оборудование у поставщиков.

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Prolonged smoking will kill around one million British teenagers and children in middle age if current patterns continue, says a report published yesterday.

A further one million will die of tobacco-related diseases in old age, (A43) … at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund and the World Health Organisation. On present trends, 4–5 million young Britons (A44)… Professor Richard Peto, of the ICRF, said that worldwide somebody died every ten seconds through smoking which was already killing three million people each year, and the number was increasing.

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In most countries (A45) … . If current smoking patterns persist, then by the time the young smokers of today reach middle or old age there will be about ten million deaths a year from tobacco – one every three seconds. Furthermore, young people continue to see misleading portrayals (A46)… It tells them that lighting up is acceptable. It is no surprise therefore that 90 per cent of smokers start when young.

He argued that there has been widespread misunderstanding about the effects of prolonged smoking, because of the very long delay between cause and effect. The risk came decades later.

«If cigarette smokers start young and don’t stop, about half will be killed by tobacco. This means that the developing countries (A47) …», said Professor Peto.

Dr Alan Lopez of the World Health Organisation in Geneva added: «The WHO has called on governments everywhere to protect children from the advertising and promotion of tobacco».

The sooner tobacco advertising is banned, the more lives will be saved. Professor Sir Richard Doll – one of the two people who proved the link between smoking and lung cancer forty years ago – urged the Government to increase tax on cigarettes and ban advertising. «It is quite incredible they don’t do it. Here you have something that (A48) … and people are being encouraged to do it. It is immoral, and there is no other word for it.»

Заполните пропуски A43–A45 одним из предложенных текстовых фрагментов (1–4). Один фрагмент является лишним.

1)will become regular smokers;

2)the worst is yet to come;

3)there has been little notice paid;

4)according to the report by scientists.

Заполните пропуски А46 – A48 одним из предложенных текстовых фрагментов (1 – 4). Один фрагмент является лишним.

1)are sitting on a time bomb;

2)of smoking as romantic and sporting;

3)it is both cruel and deadly;

4)is killing one sixth of the population prematurely.

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Часть В

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BENEFIT, RESEARCH, GROW, MEMBER, NATURE, POPULAR

Despite the increasing (B1) … of physical exercise in recent years, only ten percent of British people have taken out (B2) … of a gym. One reason for this, (B3) … suggest, is that gyms may have a negative psychological effect on people. In tests, (B4) … environments were found to be far more (B5) … than the artificial surroundings of a gym. Maybe this provides an explanation for why lately there has been a steady (B6) … in the number of people jogging in and around city parks.

Прочитайте текст. Заполните каждый из пропусков только одним словом, подходящим по смыслу.

Vitamins are good for our health, aren’t (B7) …? Perhaps not. New data suggest that high doses of certain vitamins may (B8) … more harm than (B9) … . Far from improving health, these vitamins, when taken in very high doses, may (B10) … the risks of cancer and mental diseases. Scientists and doctors are equally puzzled by this discovery.

Переведите на английский язык фрагмент предложения, данный в скобках.

В11. If you are so keen on fast food you can hardly (ожидать) to be slim and fit.

В12. Far more smokers than non-smokers (умирают от) tobacco-re- lated deseases.

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5Test 14

HISTORY, A GREAT TEACHER

Часть А

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The word pirate makes us think of (A1) … sailors who attacked ships in the Caribbean Sea in the XVI or XVII centuries. Most pirates were English, French or Dutch who robbed Spanish ships carrying gold from colonies. (A2) … P/pirates of the Caribbean were romanticized but few have heard (A3) … other adventurers living in the same area (A4) … the same time. They were hunters who called themselves buccaneers and sold food to pirates. Most of them ended (A5) … as pirates who would turn (A6) … out of nowhere, rob a ship and vanish into thin air. The gold that pirates and buccaneers stole was usually in the form of a coin called a piece of eight. Its symbol was the number 8 written on top of the letter P. This symbol eventually became abbreviated to the letter S with a vertical line through it, and this became the symbol (A7) … (A8) … American dollar.

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The myths and legends of ancient Greece (A9) … remarkable for they (A10) … over seventeen centuries, even after the religion of the gods of Mount Olympus (A11) … in the fourth century AD. Many schoolchildren today (A12) … a good knowledge of ancient Greek stories, because the legends appeal so much to their imagination. Provided you (A13) … attentive and thoughtful, you (A14) … surely … that the myths offer something fascinating for everyone: what beauty is, what the difference is be-

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