Расчёт режимов резания. Курсовое и дипломное проектирование по технологии машиностроения. Учебное пособие
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ɄɍɊɋɈȼɈȿ ɂ ȾɂɉɅɈɆɇɈȿ ɉɊɈȿɄɌɂɊɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɉɈ ɌȿɏɇɈɅɈȽɂɂ ɆȺɒɂɇɈɋɌɊɈȿɇɂə
ɍɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ
Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ
«ɂɧɮɪɚ-ɂɧɠɟɧɟɪɢɹ»
2023
ɍȾɄ 006.91:621.9 ȻȻɄ 30.10+34.63
Ɋ24
Ⱥɜɬɨɪɵ:
Ɇɚɪɤɨɜ ȼ. ȼ., ɋɦɟɬɚɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱥ. ȼ., Ʉɢɫɤɟɟɜ ɉ. ɂ., Ʌɟɛɟɞɟɜɚ Ʌ. ɂ., ȼɟɬɱɢɧɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱦ. Ⱥ.
Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬɵ:
ɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɨɣ «Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨ-ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɤɚ» Ɉɪɥɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɞɚɬ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɞɨɰɟɧɬ ɋ. ɂ. Ȼɪɭɫɨɜ; ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɶ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɢɤɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɯɚ
ȺɈ «Ʉɚɪɚɱɟɜɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɜɨɞ ɗɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɟɬɚɥɶ”» Ⱥ. Ɏ. Ʉɥɨɩɨɜ
Ɋ24 Ɋɚɫɱɺɬɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ. Ʉɭɪɫɨɜɨɟ ɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ : ɭɱɟɛɧɨɟ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɟ / [Ɇɚɪɤɨɜ ȼ. ȼ. ɢ
ɞɪ.]. – Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ; ȼɨɥɨɝɞɚ : ɂɧɮɪɚ-ɂɧɠɟɧɟɪɢɹ, 2023. – 136 ɫ. : ɢɥ., ɬɚɛɥ. ISBN 978-5-9729-1465-4
ɋɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɪɟɡɚɧɢɹɦɟɬɚɥɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɞɟɬɚɥɟɣɢɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ, ɜɵɛɨɪɭ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ, ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɢɥ ɢ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɪɚɫɱɺɬɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ, ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ, ɲɬɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɲɬɭɱɧɨ-ɤɚɥɶɤɭɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɢ ɜɵɫɲɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɯɫɹɩɨɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ«Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ». Ɇɨɠɟɬɛɵɬɶɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦɢɜɵɫɲɢɯɭɱɟɛɧɵɯɡɚɜɟɞɟɧɢɣɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ«Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ» ɡɚɨɱɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ, ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɬɟɯ- ɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ.
ɍȾɄ 006.91:621.9 ȻȻɄ 30.10+34.63
ISBN 978-5-9729-1465-4 |
ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ «ɂɧɮɪɚ-ɂɧɠɟɧɟɪɢɹ», 2023 |
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Ɉɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ. ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ «ɂɧɮɪɚ-ɂɧɠɟɧɟɪɢɹ», 2023 |
ɋɈȾȿɊɀȺɇɂȿ |
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ɇɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɫɵɥɤɢ.................................................................................................. |
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ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ....................................................................................................................... |
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1. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɟɦ .......................................... |
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1.1. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................................... |
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1.2. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ....................................................................... |
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1.2.1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ. .................................................................................. |
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1.2.2. Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ............................ |
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1.2.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ............................................................... |
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1.2.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ................................................ |
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1.2.5. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɟɜɵɯ ɢ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɵɯ ɫɢɥ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.................................... |
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1.2.6. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɪɭɬɹɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ...................... |
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1.2.7. Ʉɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ............................................. |
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1.2.8. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ, ɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢ ɲɬɭɱɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ..................................... |
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1.2.9. ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ. ...................... |
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2. Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɟɡɰɚɦɢ ............................................................................................... |
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2.1. ɗɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................................................... |
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2.2. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ........................................................................ |
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2.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ................................................................................................. |
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2.4. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɰɨɜ..................................................................... |
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2.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
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2.6. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ............................................................................. |
33 |
2.7. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
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2.8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
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3. ɋɜɟɪɥɟɧɢɟ............................................................................................................... |
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3.1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɜɟɪɥ..................................... |
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3.2. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ..................................................................... |
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3.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ................................................................................................. |
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3.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɜɟɪɥ......................................................................... |
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3.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
41 |
3.6. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
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3.7. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
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3.8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
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4. Ɂɟɧɤɟɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.......................................................................................................... |
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4.1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɡɟɧɤɟɪɨɜ............................... |
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4.2. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ..................................................................... |
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4.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ................................................................................................. |
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4.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɟɧɤɟɪɨɜ ................................................................... |
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4.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
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4.6. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
49 |
4.7. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
49 |
4.8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
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5. Ɋɚɡɜɟɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ....................................................................................................... |
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5.1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɟɪɬɨɤ.............................. |
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5.2. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ..................................................................... |
51 |
5.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ................................................................................................. |
51 |
5.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɟɪɬɨɤ.................................................................. |
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5.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
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5.6. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
55 |
5.7. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
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5.8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
56 |
6. Ɏɪɟɡɟɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ......................................................................................................... |
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6.1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɮɪɟɡ....................................... |
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6.2. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ........................................................................ |
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6.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ................................................................................................. |
57 |
6.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɮɪɟɡ........................................................................... |
60 |
6.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
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6.6. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
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6.7. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
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6.8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
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7. ɉɪɨɬɹɝɢɜɚɧɢɟ......................................................................................................... |
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7.1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɤ.............................. |
68 |
7.2. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ........................................................................ |
68 |
7.3. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɤ................................................................ |
68 |
7.4. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ...................................................................... |
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7.5. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
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7.6. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
71 |
8. ɒɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ........................................................................................................... |
72 |
8.1. ȼɢɞɵ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ................................................ |
72 |
8.2. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ........................................................ |
72 |
8.3. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ, ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ................. |
74 |
8.4. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.............................................................................. |
79 |
8.5. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.................................. |
82 |
9. Ⱦɨɜɨɞɤɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ............................................................................ |
85 |
9.1. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɜɢɞɵ ɞɨɜɨɞɤɢ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ................................ |
85 |
9.2. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɞɨɜɨɞɤɢ............................................................................................. |
85 |
4 |
|
10. ɉɪɢɬɢɪɨɱɧɨɟ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ.................................................................................. |
87 |
10.1. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɬɢɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ............. |
87 |
10.2. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɩɪɢɬɢɪɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ.......................................................... |
87 |
11. Ɉɬɞɟɥɨɱɧɨɟ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ.......................................................... |
90 |
11.1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɬɞɟɥɨɱɧɨɦ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɢ.......................................... |
90 |
11.2. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɨɬɞɟɥɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ............................................................. |
90 |
11.3. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ................................................................. |
91 |
11.4. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ................................................................................... |
92 |
11.5. ɒɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɲɤɭɪɤɨɣ................................................................................. |
93 |
12. Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ................................................................. |
94 |
12.1. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɪɟɡɶɛɨɧɚɪɟɡɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ....................................... |
94 |
12.2. Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɪɟɡɚɧɢɢ ɪɟɡɶɛɵ..................................................... |
94 |
12.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɟ-ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɟɣ........................................ |
98 |
12.4. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ................................ |
98 |
13. Ɂɭɛɨɧɚɪɟɡɚɧɢɟ.................................................................................................... |
100 |
13.1. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɡɭɛɨɪɟɡɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ............................................. |
100 |
13.2. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.................................................................... |
101 |
13.3. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɩɨɞɚɱɢ ............................................................................................. |
101 |
13.4. ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ......................................................... |
102 |
13.5. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ............................................................................ |
102 |
13.6. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ.............................. |
104 |
14. ɍɱɟɬɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɣɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɪɚɫɱɟɬɟɪɟɠɢɦɨɜɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.... |
108 |
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ............................................................................................................... |
112 |
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ⱥ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɩɨ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɦ |
|
ɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚɦ........................................................................................... |
119 |
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ȼ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ....................... |
130 |
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ȼ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ................ |
131 |
5
ɇɈɊɆȺɌɂȼɇɕȿ ɋɋɕɅɄɂ
1.ȽɈɋɌ 2.002-72. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɦɨɞɟɥɹɦ, ɦɚɤɟɬɚɦ ɢ ɬɟɦɩɥɟɬɚɦ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɦ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ.
2.ȽɈɋɌ 2.102-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ȼɢɞɵ
ɢɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ.
3.ȽɈɋɌ 2.104-2006. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɢ.
4.ȽɈɋɌ 2.105-95. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɦ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦ.
5.ȽɈɋɌ 2.106-96. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɍɟɤɫɬɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɵ.
6.ȽɈɋɌ 2.109-73. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɦ.
7.ȽɈɋɌ2.301-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɚɬɵ.
8.ȽɈɋɌ 2.302-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɵ.
9.ȽɈɋɌ2.303-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ʌɢɧɢɢ.
10.ȽɈɋɌ 2.304-81. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɒɪɢɮɬɵ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɧɵɟ.
11.ȽɈɋɌ 2.305-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɂɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ – ɜɢɞɵ, ɪɚɡɪɟɡɵ, ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ.
12.ȽɈɋɌ 2.306-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɢɯ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɯ.
13.ȽɈɋɌ 2.307-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɇɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ.
14.ȽɈɋɌ 2.308-79. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ.
15.ȽɈɋɌ 2.309-73. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ.
16.ȽɈɋɌ 2.310-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɇɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɣ, ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ.
17.ȽɈɋɌ 2.311-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɂɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɶɛɵ.
18.ȽɈɋɌ 2.312-72. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɲɜɨɜ ɫɜɚɪɧɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ.
19.ȽɈɋɌ 2.313-82. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɍɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɚɡɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ.
6
20.ȽɈɋɌ 2.316-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚɯ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɟɣ, ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ.
21.ȽɈɋɌ 2.605-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɥɚɤɚɬɵ ɭɱɟɛɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
22.ȽɈɋɌ 2.701-84. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɋɯɟɦɵ. ȼɢɞɵ ɢ ɬɢɩɵ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ.
23.ȽɈɋɌ 2.702-75. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ.
24.ȽɈɋɌ 2.703-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɧɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ.
25.ȽɈɋɌ 2.704-76. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɉɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɧɟɜɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦ.
26.ȽɈɋɌ 2.710-81. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɭɤɜɟɧɧɨ-ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɟ ɜ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɯɟɦɚɯ.
27.ȽɈɋɌ 2.721-74. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɚɯ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ.
28.ȽɈɋɌ 2.747-68. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜ ɫɯɟɦɚɯ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ.
29.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1105-84. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ.
30.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1118-82. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɧɵɯ ɤɚɪɬ.
31.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1403-85. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɜɤɢ ɢ ɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɤɢ.
32.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1404-86. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɢ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɟɦ.
33.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1407-86. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ (ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ), ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦ ɫɛɨɪɤɢ.
34.ȽɈɋɌ 3.1502-85. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɏɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ.
35.ȽɈɋɌ 7.1-2003. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦɭ ɢ ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɭ. Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ. Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ.
36.ȽɈɋɌ 7.9-95. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦɭ ɢ ɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɭ. Ɋɟɮɟɪɚɬ ɢ ɚɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ.
7
37.ȽɈɋɌ 7.32-2001. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟɱɧɨɦɭ
ɢɢɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɦɭ ɞɟɥɭ. Ɉɬɱɟɬ ɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ.
38.ȽɈɋɌ 8.417. Ƚɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ. ȿɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ.
39.ȽɈɋɌ 19.401-78 ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɍɟɤɫɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ.
40.ȽɈɋɌ 19.402-78. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ.
41.ȽɈɋɌ 19.502-78. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ.
42.ȽɈɋɌ 19.701-90. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɋɯɟɦɵ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɨɜ, ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ, ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ. Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ.
43.ȽɈɋɌ 9327-60. Ȼɭɦɚɝɚ ɢ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɢɡ ɛɭɦɚɝɢ. ɉɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɵ.
44.ȽɈɋɌ 25346-89. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɤ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɪɹɞɵ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ.
45.ȽɈɋɌ 25347-82. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ. ȿɞɢɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɤ. ɉɨɥɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɨɫɚɞɤɢ.
46.ɋɌɈ ɈɪɟɥȽɌɍ 72-04-12-2008. ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɟɧɟɞɠɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ. ȼɵ-
ɩɭɫɤɧɚɹ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚ. Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɸ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ.
47.ȽɈɋɌ 2320-43.
48.ȽɈɋɌ 2322-43.
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ȼȼȿȾȿɇɂȿ
Ɋɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ, ɢ ɢɯ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɫɛɟɪɟɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «Ɍɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ» ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɢ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ ɢ ɬɪɭɞɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ.
Ʉɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɤ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɭ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɞɚɱɭ, ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɫɢɥɭ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɚ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɞɟɬɚɥɢ.
ɇɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ:
– ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɷɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ (ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɟɦ) ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ;
– ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɦ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚɦ ɨɛɳɟɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɨɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ.
ɇɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ, ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɪɭɞɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɟɛɟɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ. ɗɬɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɫ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɟɣ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ, ɫ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɬɚɧɤɚ.
ȼ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚɯ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɷɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬ ɩɨ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɸ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɚ, ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɞɜɭɯ-ɬɪɟɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɞɥɹ ɬɨɱɟɧɢɹ, ɫɜɟɪɥɟɧɢɹ, ɮɪɟɡɟɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬ. ɩ. Ⱦɥɹ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɵ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚɦ ɨɛɳɟɦɚɲɢɧɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɨɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɨɛɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɟ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ ɧɚɞɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɫɵɥɤɭ ɧɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢɤ, ɬɚɛɥɢɰɭ ɢ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɭ.
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɶ ɫ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɟɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ, ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨ ɩɨɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɭ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚɯ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ. Ɍɚɤɨɣ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɢɯ ɡɚɞɚɬɶ, ɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɮɨɪɦɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɞɟɬɚɥɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɢɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɧɚ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɪɟɠɭɳɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɤɚɯ.
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ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɫ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɢɡ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɫɩɥɚɜɚ, ɩɪɢɩɚɹɧɧɨɣ ɤ ɧɟɫɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ. ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɫ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɫɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ, ɬɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɢɯ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɭ ɢ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɭ.
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