Проверочные работы по грамматике и чтению (английский язык). Учебное пособие
.pdfTest 6 – Participle I, Participle II
Variant 4
Task 1. Identify Participle I/Participle II in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. Using the device the student observed the necessary precautions. using – Participle I, обстоятельство
The heated object became red-hot. heated – Participle II, определение.
1.The new device is the latest in several generations of electronic particle detectors introduced since the late 1960s.
2.Capacitor has an almost unlimited lifetime.
3.When driving a car one should be very attentive.
4.Being provided with batteries an electric car can develop a speed of 50 miles an hour.
5.The large house being built in our street is a new school.
6.The seminar course in theoretical physics to be held in Moscow is scheduled for June.
7.The paper on heat conduction of gases following the report on diffusion was presented by Dr. Lewes.
8.Today using Internet telephony almost anyone can be a telecommunications carrier.
9.The boiling water is evaporating.
10.When completed the project must meet the specifications.
Task 2. Define the participle construction the sentence contains and translate it:
e.g. Testing the motor the engineer applied new methods.
Answer: Испытывая двигатель, инженер применял новые методы. (зависимый причастный оборот)
The engineer testing the motor, the workers helped him. – Когда инженер испытывал двигатель, рабочие помогли ему. (независимый причастный оборот)
1.Around 2.8 billion of mobile phones are already in use, with a further 1.6 million being added every day.
2.With the current being switched on, the machine automatically starts operating.
3.Properly insulated the wire may be used in conditions of excessive moisture.
4.Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great interest.
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Test 6 – Participle I, Participle II
Variant 5
Task 1. Identify Participle I/Participle II in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. Using the device the student observed the necessary precautions. using – Participle I, обстоятельство
The heated object became red-hot. heated – Participle II, определение.
1.No single action taken or decision made could help to settle the situation.
2.The engineers will discuss the quality of the machine tested.
3.The new instrument being designed in our laboratory will be used in radio engineering research.
4.The system being tested will increase the safety and fuel efficiency of a car.
5.While studying Newton’s work a young scientist discovered a mistake in the calculations .
6.Having designed a car radar the engineers started complex tests.
7.A signal applied to the metal should modulate a current flowing through the semiconductor and so provide an amplifier.
8.The effect achieved was some 1500 times smaller than his theory predicted.
9.A new form of lamp uses microwaves transforming electricity into light.
10.The first television set produced in 1939 was a tiny nine-by-twelve inch box.
Task 2. Define the participle construction the sentence contains and translate it:
e.g. Testing the motor the engineer applied new methods.
Answer: Испытывая двигатель, инженер применял новые методы. (зависимый причастный оборот)
The engineer testing the motor, the workers helped him. – Когда инженер испытывал двигатель, рабочие помогли ему. (независимый причастный оборот)
1.Radioactivity discovered, we made great progress in atomic physics.
2.Silver being very expensive, we rarely use it as a conductor.
3.When falling, the massive bodies have more inertia to overcome.
4.There being too many complicated problems on that subject they have to go on working at it.
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The Gerund – герундий
Герундий – это неличная глагольная форма, которая обладает свойствами глагола и существительного.
Working with children requires patience. – Работа с детьми требует терпения.
Driving is always stressful for me. – Вождение автомобиля всегда вызывает у меня стресс.
My grandmother enjoys baking cakes for the whole family. – Моей бабушке нравится печь торты для всей семьи.
Формы герундия
В английском языке есть четыре формы герундия: простая и перфектная в активном и пассивном залоге.
1.Simple Gerund (простой герундий)
Эта форма выражает действие, которое происходит одновременно с действием, выраженным глаголом-сказуемым, или следует за ним. Формула образования: глагол + окончание -ing.
Painting helps me to express myself creatively. – Занятия живописью помогают мне творчески самовыражаться.
Reading distracts me from my problems. – Чтение отвлекает меня от проблем.
2.Perfect Gerund (перфектный герундий)
Выражает действие, которое предшествует действию, выраженному глаголом-сказуемым, или описываемой ситуации. Формула образования: having + третья форма глагола.
I’m sure of having read this book once because the plot seems to be very familiar.
– Я уверен, что когда-то читал эту книгу, потому что сюжет кажется очень знакомым.
I’m tired of having talked to you about these problems. – Я устал от разговора с вами об этих проблемах.
3.Simple Passive Gerund (простой пассивный герундий)
Эта форма обозначает действие в пассивном залоге. Формула образования: being + третья форма глагола.
Being appreciated is very important to every person. – Каждому человеку важно,
чтобы его ценили.
4. Perfect Passive Gerund (перфектный пассивный герундий)
Выражает действие, которое произошло раньше действия, выраженного сказуемым в предложении. Форма образования: having been + третья форма глагола.
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He immediately called his friend when he found his car having been towed away. –
Он сразу же позвонил своему другу, когда обнаружил, что его машину увезли на эвакуаторе.
Функции в предложении
В предложении герундий выполняет одну из следующих функций:
•подлежащее
Reading helps me to improve my vocabulary. – Чтение помогает мне расширить словарный запас.
Having been sent on a business trip turned out to be perfect for me. – То, что меня отправили в командировку, оказалось для меня идеальным вариантом.
•дополнение
I don’t like watching horror movies. – Я не люблю смотреть фильмы ужасов.
Do you like being recognized by random people on the streets? – Вам нравится,
когда вас узнают случайные люди на улицах?
•определение
Do you know the man standing over there? – Ты знаешь мужчину, стоящего там?
•обстоятельство
You’re being disrespectful to me by forgetting about our meeting. – Ты проявляешь ко мне неуважение, забывая о нашей встрече.
•часть сказуемого
I wonder why he keeps texting me. – Интересно, почему он продолжает мне писать.
We went hiking. – Мы отправились в поход.
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Test 7 – Gerund
Variant 1
Task 1. Identify Gerund in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory. Having left – Perfect Gerund, дополнение
1.The engineer insists on my inspecting this motor.
2.He insists on his being sent on a mission.
3.Falling is a case of motion at a constant acceleration.
4.Studying foreign language is necessary for every educated man.
5.These substances are alike in being soft.
6.I suggest exchanging the latest information on this subject.
7.He has the opportunity of becoming well acquainted with experimental work.
8.Reading the latest technical magazines is important for engineers.
9.This student’s favorite occupation is operating a computer.
10.After having proved that this theory was correct he started putting it into practice.
Task 2. Define what the sentence contains – either Participle I or Gerund and translate it:
e.g. Developing technology is very important for every country.
Answer: Развитие технологий очень важно для любой страны. – Gerund
While staying in London, he visited the British Museum. – Будучи в Лондоне он посетил Британский музей. – Participle I
1.Developing technology is supplying science with more precise instruments.
2.He agreed to give us an interview which is now being broadcast.
3.There being no current in the circuit, the device stopped working.
4.Russian spacemen are known having conquered outer space first.
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Test 7 – Gerund
Variant 2
Task 1. Identify Gerund in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory. Having left – Perfect Gerund, дополнение
1.I know of their being shown the new device.
2.Can you explain having overestimated the role of the theory.
3.The process of editing this book will take some time.
4.Putting the discovery to use sometimes requires more effort than making it.
5.Taking into account individual components resulted in a radical change of the entire system.
6.Would you mind showing one more slide?
7.I would like collaborating with this group of creative scientists.
8.The idea of looking for a compromise solution to this problem has been much debated in literature.
9.Science requires experimenting.
10.What apparatus do you use for measuring air pressure?
Task 2. Define what the sentence contains – either Participle I or Gerund and translate it:
e.g. Developing technology is very important for every country.
Answer: Развитие технологий очень важно для любой страны. – Gerund
While staying in London, he visited the British Museum. – Будучи в Лондоне он посетил Британский музей. – Participle I
1.By adding suitable control mechanism this type of connection can be tailored to other uses.
2.The problem having been formulated, the scientist should choose, modify or design the procedures for the experiment.
3.We know of Yablochkov’s having invented the electric candle.
4.Roughly speaking, collisions hardly alter electrons’ energies.
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Test 7 – Gerund
Variant 3
Task 1. Identify Gerund in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory. Having left – Perfect Gerund, дополнение
1.I would like collaborating with this group of creative scientists.
2.Many useless experiments were prevented from being made by an adequate theory.
3.Measuring resistance is necessary in many experiments.
4.Communicating with competent people enlarges one’s horizons.
5.The book aims at acquainting the readers with the modern achievements in the field of electronics.
6.The idea of creating a multi-stage rocket belongs to Tsiolkovsky.
7.This problem is not worth being discussed.
8.I remember having been helped then.
9.In freezing the expansive force of water is enormous.
10.Heating copper wire increases its resistance about 40 per cent.
Task 2. Define what the sentence contains – either Participle I or Gerund and translate it:
e.g. Developing technology is very important for every country.
Answer: Развитие технологий очень важно для любой страны. – Gerund
While staying in London, he visited the British Museum. – Будучи в Лондоне он посетил Британский музей. – Participle I
1.By having studied this problem we soon solved.
2.This work is no doubt worth mentioning here.
3.Chemical energy is stored up in chemical substances, it being released during chemical reactions.
4.These cells differ from the others in having a larger nucleus.
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Test 7 – Gerund
Variant 4
Task 1. Identify Gerund in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory. Having left – Perfect Gerund, дополнение
1.A true scientist is interested in being told about his mistakes.
2.Putting the discovery to use sometimes requires more effort than making it.
3.Reading scientific books is useful.
4.Accepting the possibility of life on such a hostile planet as Jupiter is one thing, proving it is another.
5.He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory.
6.It is no use searching for another approach.
7.The problem of training college and university students for laboratory research is discussed in numerous articles.
8.Finding the length of the object is necessary in this case.
9.Each research center is interested in training a younger generation of efficient
scientists.
10.The instrument for measuring the temperature of hot flowing metals is similar to that widely used in our laboratory.
Task 2. Define what the sentence contains – either Participle I or Gerund and translate it:
e.g. Developing technology is very important for every country.
Answer: Развитие технологий очень важно для любой страны. – Gerund
While staying in London, he visited the British Museum. – Будучи в Лондоне он посетил Британский музей. – Participle I
1.The actual number of electrons depends on upon the atom being considered.
2.The second industrial revolution aims at liberating the human mind.
3.The new hydroelectric station being put into operation, the surrounding enterprises will be supplied with electric energy.
4.New radio apparatus operated properly, the weather conditions being undesirable.
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Test 7 – Gerund
Variant 5
Task 1. Identify Gerund in the sentence and define its function.
e.g. He remembered having left his paper in the laboratory. Having left – Perfect Gerund, дополнение
1.After a few minutes of listening I became a true believer in Class D.
2.Scheduling is one of the core factors of a wireless system in determining its overall performance.
3.Readings of the voltmeter were correct.
4.I shall get it done even if it means working hard.
5.I insist that the discovery should be put into practice, it requires more effort that making it.
6.An engine is a device for converting one form of energy into another.
7.Many people print the material before reading it.
8.They succeeded in having finished their work in time.
9.I remember having measured the temperature of the mixture in due time.
10.Atoms are incapable of being destroyed or created.
Task 2. Define what the sentence contains – either Participle I or Gerund and translate it:
e.g. Developing technology is very important for every country.
Answer: Развитие технологий очень важно для любой страны. – Gerund
While staying in London, he visited the British Museum. – Будучи в Лондоне он посетил Британский музей. – Participle I
1.A company selling a new product must provide maintenance service for it.
2.While making a series of experiments, the scientist found out the disadvantage of that process.
3.The only way of overcoming the great air resistance at high velocities is flying higher.
4.Combining all of the components in a single device means that keyboards and screen must be small.
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Part II – Reading Comprehension
TEXT 1
The world’s first self-driving public bus fleet is rolling out in Scotland
The world’s first fleet of autonomous commuter buses is slated to go into service next month in Scotland. This follows at least one successful trial run in January alongside financial backing boosts from the UK government. On May 15, Stagecoach’s self-driving vehicles will begin operations along a 14-mile route that includes Edinburgh’s historic Forth Road suspension bridge. According to the
BBC, a total of five single-decker vehicles will be in service, carrying roughly 10,000 passengers per week.
Stagecoach—akin to Greyhound in the US—announced their autonomous buses will travel along pre-selected roads and bus lanes at a top speed of 50mph, while handling traffic lights and roundabouts. Although each bus requires no human drivers, two staff members will still be aboard at all times—one to sit in the driver’s seat to monitor piloting systems, while another to assist passengers, take tickets, and help as needed.
The project comes as part of the UK government’s Project CAVForth endeavor. “CAV” stands for “connected autonomous vehicles.” Launched in 2019, CAVForth’s rollout of the autonomous bus fleet next month will mark a culmination of over four years’ of research, planning, and development. Similar
CAV projects are planned in Sunderland and Belfast.
“This is an exciting milestone for this innovative and ambitious project, and I very much look forward to seeing Project CAVForth take to the roads next month,” Scotland’s Minister for Transport, Kevin Stewart, said in a statement, adding that the route “will really help Scotland establish its credentials on the world stage.”
Fully autonomous vehicles have long been a goal for major automakers and companies, with plenty of startups vying for a stake in the industry. Investors aren’t only looking to roadways for autonomous options—plans are also underway to develop similar systems for the freight train industry. Still, the technology frequently makes headlines for less-than-desirable reasons, and often faces both public and regulatory pushback.
Some of the most notable recent markers stem from issues pertaining to Tesla’s Full Self-Driving (FSD) Beta autopilot mode, which company CEO Elon
Musk has touted as being close to driving owners “to your work, your friend’s house, to the grocery store without you touching the wheel” as recently as last fall.
In February, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) announced a recall of FSD Beta technology that affected over 360,000 vehicles.
1. Answer the following questions:
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