Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Научно-практический комментарий к Федеральному конституционному закону от 31 декабря 1996 г. № 1-ФКЗ «О судебной системе Российской Федерации» (2-е из

.pdf
Скачиваний:
0
Добавлен:
12.08.2026
Размер:
875 Кб
Скачать

!F4FPO 2. 0:>=>40B5;LAB2> > AC451=>9 A8AB5<5

%C451=0O A8AB5<0 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 CAB0=02;8205BAO >=AB8BCF859 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 =0AB>OI8< (545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><.

КB@@9AF4D<= > EF. 2

1. >=AB8BCF8O $(, >?@545;OO <5AB> 8 @>;L AC451=>9 A8AB5<K, CAB0=02;8205B, ?@5645 2A53>,

2AN A8AB5<C >@30=>2 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8, >?@545;OO 8E ?@54=07=0G5=85 8 >A=>2=K5 ?@8=F8?K DC=:F8>=8@>20=8O. >A=>2C ?>AB@>5=8O A>2@5<5==>9 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 2 $>AA88 459AB2CNI0O >=AB8BCF8O $( 70;>68;0 ?@8=F8? @0745;5=8O 2;0AB59, E0@0:B5@=K9 4;O <=>38E 45<>:@0B8G5A:8E D545@0B82=KE ?@02>2KE 3>AC40@AB2.

$0745;5=85 548=>9 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 =0 70:>=>40B5;L=CN, 8A?>;=8B5;L=CN 8 AC451=CN ?@54?>;0305B CAB0=>2;5=85 B0:>9 A8AB5<K ?@02>2KE 30@0=B89, A45@65: 8 ?@>B82>25A>2, :>B>@0O 8A:;NG05B 2>7<>6=>ABL :>=F5=B@0F88 2;0AB8 C >4=>9 87 =8E, >15A?5G8205B A0<>AB>OB5;L=>5 DC=:F8>=8@>20=85 2A5E 25B259 2;0AB8 8 >4=>2@5<5==> — 8E 2708<>459AB285.<5AB5 A B5<, 70:>=>40B5;LAB2> > AC451=>9 A8AB5<5 B5A=> 7028A8B >B C@>2=O @0728B8O M:>=><8G5A:>9, ?>;8B8G5A:>9 687=8 @>AA89A:>3> >1I5AB20 8 3>AC40@AB20. #>A;54=85 87<5=5=8O 2 MB8E AD5@0E 2K720;8 =5>1E>48<>ABL 87<5=5=8O >B45;L=KE ?>;>65=89 >=AB8BCF88 $(, 2 A2O78 A G5<, ?> 8=8F80B825 #@57845=B0 $( (545@0;L=K< A>1@0=85< $( ?@8=OB 0:>= $( > ?>?@02:5 :>=AB8BCF88 $( >B 5 D52@0;O 2014 3. № 2-( «" 5@E>2=>< %C45 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 ?@>:C@0BC@5 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88». ':070==K< 70:>=>< ACI5AB25==K< >1@07>< 87<5=5=K ?>;>65=8O 3;. 7 >=AB8BCF88 $(, 70:@5?;ONI59 DC=40<5=B0;L=K5 >A=>2K ?>AB@>5=8O 8

DC=:F8>=8@>20=8O AC451=>9 A8AB5<K 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88.

+0ABL 3 AB. 118 >=AB8BCF88 $( ?@54CA<0B@8205B, GB> AC451=0O A8AB5<0 CAB0=02;8205BAO =5

B>;L:> >=AB8BCF859, => 8 D545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><. =0;>38G=K5 ?>;>65=8O 70:@5?;5=K 8 2 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL5.

%@548 DC=40<5=B0;L=KE ?>;>65=89 >@30=870F88 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K, CAB0=>2;5==KE>=AB8BCF859 $(, <>6=> >B<5B8BL A;54CNI85.

>-?5@2KE, 30@0=B8O A0<>AB>OB5;L=>AB8. A>>B25BAB288 A> AB. 10 8 120 >=AB8BCF88 $(

>@30=K AC451=>9 2;0AB8 O2;ONBAO A0<>AB>OB5;L=K<8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : 4@C38< 25B2O< 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 8 ?@8 >ACI5AB2;5=88 A2>8E ?>;=><>G89 >=8 ?>4G8=ONBAO B>;L:>>=AB8BCF88 $( 8 D545@0;L=><C 70:>=C.

>-2B>@KE, ?@02>AC485 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC4>< (G. 1 AB. 118

>=AB8BCF88 $() 2 ;8F5 A>>B25BAB2CNI8E AC459 8 ?@82;5:05<KE 2 CAB0=>2;5==>< ?>@O4:5 : >ACI5AB2;5=8N AC451=>9 45OB5;L=>AB8 ?@54AB028B5;59 =0A5;5=8O.

-B@5BL8E, AC451=0O 2;0ABL 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 @50;87C5BAO B>;L:> ?>A@54AB2>< >A>1KE

?@>F54C@ 2 D>@<5 :>=AB8BCF8>==>3>, 3@0640=A:>3>, 04<8=8AB@0B82=>3> 8 C3>;>2=>3> AC4>?@>872>4AB20 (G. 2 AB. 118 >=AB8BCF88 $().

-G5B25@BKE, >A=>2=K5 =>A8B5;8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8 — AC4L8 — =5A<5=O5<K (AB. 121>=AB8BCF88 $(), =5?@8:>A=>25==K (AB. 122 >=AB8BCF88 $(), =045;5=K >A>1K< AB0BCA>< (AB. 119 >=AB8BCF88 $().

>=AB8BCF8>==K9 AB0BCA AC4L8 O2;O5BAO =5 ;8G=>9 ?@828;53859, 0 A@54AB2><, ?@8720==K< >15A?5G820BL :064><C 459AB28B5;L=CN 70I8BC 53> ?@02 8 A2>1>4 ?@02>AC485<. &5< A0<K< AB0BCA

11

AC4L8 A;C68B 30@0=B859 >1I53> :>=AB8BCF8>==>3> AB0BCA0 ;8G=>AB8 8 2 :0G5AB25 B0:>2>9 ?>4;568B :>=AB8BCF8>==>-?@02>2>9 70I8B5, C@>25=L :>B>@>9 =5 4>;65= A=860BLAO ?> >B=>H5=8N : C65 4>AB83=CB><C. -B> 2KB5:05B 87 B@51>20=89 AB. 55 (G. 1 8 2) >=AB8BCF88 $( >

=54>?CAB8<>AB8 >B<5=K 8 C<0;5=8O ?@>2>73;0H5==KE >=AB8BCF859 $( ?@02 8 A2>1>4 8 ?@O<> 70:@5?;5=> 2 :><<5=B8@C5<>< 0:>=5, A>3;0A=> G. 4 AB. 5 :>B>@>3> 2> 2708<>A2O78 A> AB. 11 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 =5 <>3CB 874020BLAO 70:>=K 8 8=K5 =>@<0B82=K5 ?@02>2K5 0:BK, >B<5=ONI85 8;8 CI5<;ONI85 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>ABL AC4>2, =57028A8<>ABL AC459, 2 B>< G8A;5 30@0=B88 8E <0B5@80;L=>3> >15A?5G5=8O (A<. B0:65 >?@545;5=85 >=AB8BCF8>==>3> %C40 $( >B 15 D52@0;O 2005 3. № 5-").

2. #><8<> >=AB8BCF88 $( ?@02CN >A=>2C AC451=>9 A8AB5<K 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88

A>AB02;ONB 8 D545@0;L=K5 :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 70:>=K. >B;8G85 >B D545@0;L=KE 70:>=>2, D545@0;L=K5 :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 70:>=K ?@8=8<0NBAO ?> 2>?@>A0<, ?@54CA<>B@5==K<>=AB8BCF859 $( (G. 1 AB. 108 >=AB8BCF88 $().

"A=>2>?>;030NI8< D545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><, >?@545;ONI8< >A=>2K ?@02>2>3> ?>;>65=8O 2KAH8E AC451=KE >@30=>2 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 8=KE D545@0;L=KE AC40E, 8E :><?5B5=F8N, ?>@O4>: >1@07>20=8O, AB@C:BC@C 8 >A=>2=K5 DC=:F88, 0 B0:65 <0B5@80;L=>-B5E=8G5A:>5 8 >@30=870F8>==>5 >15A?5G5=85 MB8E AC4>2 O2;O5BAO :><<5=B8@C5<K9

0:>=.

45AL B0:65 =5>1E>48<> >B<5B8BL A;54CNI85 D545@0;L=K5 :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 70:>=K:

( «" >=AB8BCF8>==>< %C45 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», :>B>@K< >?@545;5=K

?>;=><>G8O, ?>@O4>: >1@07>20=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 >=AB8BCF8>==>3> %C40 $(;

( «" 5@E>2=>< %C45 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», :>B>@K< >?@545;ONBAO ?>;=><>G8O,

?>@O4>: >1@07>20=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 5@E>2=>3> %C40 $(;

( «" AC40E >1I59 N@8A48:F88 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», >?@545;ONI89 ?@02>2>5

?>;>65=85 AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88;

( «" 2>5==KE AC40E $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», CAB0=02;820NI89 >A>15==>AB8 ?@02>2>3>

?>;>65=8O 2>5==KE AC4>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88;

( «"1 0@18B@06=KE AC40E 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», 70:@5?;ONI89 ?>;=><>G8O,

?>@O4>: >1@07>20=8O 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88.

&0:8< >1@07><, A>2@5<5==>5 ?@02>2>5 @53C;8@>20=85 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 =>A8B :><?;5:A=K9 E0@0:B5@, >A=>20==K9 =0 >=AB8BCF88 $(, ?>;>65=8O :>B>@>9

@072820NB F5;K9 :><?;5:A D545@0;L=KE :>=AB8BCF8>==KE 70:>=>2.

!F4FPO 3. 48=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K

48=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >15A?5G8205BAO ?CB5<:

CAB0=>2;5=8O AC451=>9 A8AB5<K $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >=AB8BCF859 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 =0AB>OI8< (545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><;

A>1;N45=8O 2A5<8 D545@0;L=K<8 AC40<8 8 <8@>2K<8 AC4LO<8 CAB0=>2;5==KE D545@0;L=K<8 70:>=0<8 ?@028; AC4>?@>872>4AB20;

?@8<5=5=8O 2A5<8 AC40<8 >=AB8BCF88 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, D545@0;L=KE :>=AB8BCF8>==KE 70:>=>2, D545@0;L=KE 70:>=>2, >1I5?@87=0==KE ?@8=F8?>2 8 =>@< <564C=0@>4=>3> ?@020 8 <564C=0@>4=KE 4>3>2>@>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, 0 B0:65 :>=AB8BCF89 (CAB02>2) 8 4@C38E 70:>=>2 AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88;

12

?@87=0=8O >1O70B5;L=>AB8 8A?>;=5=8O =0 2A59 B5@@8B>@88 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 AC451=KE ?>AB0=>2;5=89, 2ABC?82H8E 2 70:>==CN A8;C;

70:>=>40B5;L=>3> 70:@5?;5=8O 548=AB20 AB0BCA0 AC459;

D8=0=A8@>20=8O D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 8 <8@>2KE AC459 87 D545@0;L=>3> 1N465B0.

КB@@9AF4D<= > EF. 3

1.48=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K O2;O5BAO >4=8< 87 >A=>2>?>;030NI8E ?@8=F8?>2 D>@<8@>20=8O 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, 70:@5?;5==KE =>@<0<8

>=AB8BCF88 $(. #@8 MB>< 548=AB2> =5 O2;O5BAO >A=>20=85< 4;O D>@<8@>20=8O H01;>=0 >@30=870F88 8 >ACI5AB2;5=8O 45OB5;L=>AB8 AC40<8 8 8=K<8 >@30=0<8 2;0AB8. 3> ACI=>ABL A2>48BAO : >?@545;5=8N >A=>2=KE B@51>20=8O >1@07>20=8O 8 D>@<8@>20=8O AC4>2, :>B>@K5 O2;ONBAO >1I8<8 =57028A8<> >B AB0BCA0 AC40 8 53> 45OB5;L=>AB8.

48=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K 70:>=><5@=> @0AA<0B@820BL 2 H8@>:>< 8 C7:>< A<KA;5. &0:, 2 C7:>< A<KA;5 548=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K >3@0=8G8205BAO =5?>A@54AB25==> 55 @0<:0<8, B.5. ?@54CA<0B@8205B D>@<8@>20=85 >1I8E B@51>20=89 4;O 2A5E AC4>2, A>740==KE 2 A>>B25BAB288 A 459AB2CNI8< 70:>=>40B5;LAB2>< 8 >ACI5AB2;ONI8E A2>N 45OB5;L=>ABL =0 B5@@8B>@88 $(. H8@>:>< A<KA;5 ?@8=F8? 548=AB20 >E20BK205B A>1>9 =5 B>;L:> >@30=K AC451=>9 2;0AB8, => 8 A2845B5;LAB2C5B >1 >1I=>AB8 2A59 A8AB5<K 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 $>AA88. &0:8< >1@07><, =5A<>B@O =0 ?@8>@8B5B ?@8=F8?0 @0745;5=8O 2;0AB59, 0:>= >4=>2@5<5==> 30@0=B8@C5B 8 548=AB2> B0:>9 A8AB5<K. $0745;5=85 2;0AB59 2 1>;LH8=AB25 A2>5< E0@0:B5@87C5B A0<>AB>OB5;L=>ABL 45OB5;L=>AB8 >B45;L=KE >@30=>2 8 =0;8G85 8E A>1AB25==>9 :><?5B5=F88. 48=AB2> A8AB5<K 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 =0?@02;5=> =0 >?@545;5=85 >1I8E ?@8=F8?>2 8 B@51>20=89 D>@<8@>20=8O >B45;L=KE >@30=>2.

48=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K @50;87C5BAO 2 53> 2=5H=5< 8 2=CB@5==5< ?@>O2;5=88. =5H=55 ?@>O2;5=85 E0@0:B5@87C5BAO >1I=>ABLN ?@02>2KE >A=>2, B.5. A>2>:C?=>AB8 =>@<0B82=KE 0:B>2, :>B>@K<8 @53;0<5=B8@C5BAO 45OB5;L=>ABL AC40 8 :>B>@K<8 >= @C:>2>4AB2C5BAO 2 A2>59 45OB5;L=>AB8. =CB@5==OO A>AB02;ONI0O 548=AB20 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K ?@>O2;O5BAO, 2 G0AB=>AB8, 2 A>2>:C?=>AB8 =>@<0B82=> CAB0=>2;5==KE B@51>20=89 : :0=4840B0< =0 4>;6=>ABL AC4L8, ?>2KH5=88 :20;8D8:0F8>==KE B@51>20=89 ?@>?>@F8>=0;L=> ?>2KH5=8N AB0BCA0 A0<>3> AC40 8 B.?. &0:8< >1@07><, A >4=>9 AB>@>=K 548=AB2> ?@>O2;O5BAO 2 >1I=>AB8 AC4>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, A 4@C3>9 AB>@>=K, — E0@0:B5@87C5BAO @O4>< >A>15==>AB59, :>B>@K5 A2>9AB25==K

;8HL >B45;L=K< AB048O< @50;870F88 AC451=>9 2;0AB8 8 D>@<8@>20=8O AC451=>9 A8AB5<K. #> A<KA;C :><<5=B8@C5<>3> 0:>=0 ?>=OB85 «548=AB2>» 2>A?@8=8<05BAO 2 ?@O<>< A<KA;5 :0: A>2>:C?=>ABL 548=KE B@51>20=89 4;O 2A5E AC4>2, >1@07>20==KE 8 >ACI5AB2;ONI8E 45OB5;L=>ABL =0 B5@@8B>@88 $( 2 A>>B25BAB288 A 55 70:>=0<8. #5@5G5=L B0:8E >1I8E ?>;>65=89 >?@545;5= :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL59.

2.'AB0=>2;5=85 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K $( >=AB8BCF859 $( 8 :><<5=B8@C5<K< 0:>=><, B.5.

548=AB2> A8AB5<K, 4>AB8305BAO ?>A@54AB2>< D>@<8@>20=8O >1I59 =>@<0B82=>9 >A=>2K, >?@545;ONI59 =5 B>;L:> ?>@O4>: >1@07>20=8O, => 8 ?>@O4>: >ACI5AB2;5=8O 45OB5;L=>AB8 >@30=0<8 ?@02>AC48O. 0==K9 0A?5:B 2 ?>;=>9 <5@5 A>>B25BAB2C5B ?@54?8A0=8O< AB. 2 :><<5=B8@C5<>3> 0:>=0, >3@0=8G820NI59 A8AB5<C 70:>=>40B5;LAB20 8A:;NG8B5;L=>

?@54?8A0=8O<8 C:070==KE =>@<0B82=KE 0:B>2. "4=0:> 548=AB2> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K <>65B 4>AB830BLAO 8 2 8=KE D>@<0E =>@<>B2>@G5AB20, =0?@8<5@, ?>A@54AB2>< 2K=5A5=8O ?>AB0=>2;5=89

13

#;5=C<0 5@E>2=>3> %C40 $(, 70B@03820NI8E 45OB5;L=>ABL @07;8G=KE :0B53>@89 AC4>2: >1I59 N@8A48:F88, 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2. /@:8< ?@8<5@>< >15A?5G5=8O 548=AB20 AC4>2 2KABC?05B ?>AB0=>2;5=85 #;5=C<0 % $( 8 #;5=C<0 % $( >B 1 8N;O 1996 3. № 6/8, :>B>@>5 >B@0605B

>A=>2=K5 0A?5:BK ?@0:B8:8 ?@8<5=5=8O >B45;L=KE ?@02>2KE =>@<, 8 4;O 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2, 8 4;O AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88. MB>9 A2O78 ?@54AB02;O5BAO F5;5A>>1@07=K< 70:@5?;5=85 ?@8>@8B5B0 =>@< >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 :><<5=B8@C5<>3> 0:>=0 ;8HL 2 @0<:0E CAB0=>2;5=8O AC451=>9 A8AB5<K, B.5. >?@545;5=8O 55 AB@C:BC@K 8 @073@0=8G5=8O :><?5B5=F88 >B45;L=KE AC451=KE 8=AB0=F89.

3.&@51>20=85 > A>1;N45=88 2A5<8 D545@0;L=K<8 AC40<8 8 <8@>2K<8 AC4LO<8 CAB0=>2;5==KE D545@0;L=K<8 70:>=0<8 ?@028; AC4>?@>872>4AB20 ?@8>1@5B05B >A>1>5 7=0G5=85, ?>A:>;L:C AC4 2KABC?05B 2 :0G5AB25 >@30=0 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8, >1@07>20==>3> 2 F5;OE >15A?5G5=8O =5C:>A=8B5;L=>3> A>1;N45=8O =>@< 8 B@51>20=89 459AB2CNI53> 70:>=>40B5;LAB20, ?@8G5< 2A5<8 AC1J5:B0<8 157 8A:;NG5=8O. (0:B8G5A:8 AC4 2KABC?05B >;8F5B2>@5=85< 70:>=0, A@54AB2>< 53> ?@5B2>@5=8O 2 687=L. MB>9 A2O78 ?@02>20O ?@8@>40 @0AA<0B@8205<>3> >@30=0 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8 A2845B5;LAB2C5B > =5>1E>48<>AB8 A>1;N45=8O =>@<0B82=KE ?@54?8A0=89 =0 ?@>BO65=88 2A53> ?5@8>40 45OB5;L=>AB8: >B <><5=B0 >1@07>20=8O 8 4> ?@5:@0I5=8O ?>;=><>G89. "A>1>5 7=0G5=85 2 40==>< A;CG05 ?@8>1@5B05B A>1;N45=85 ?@>F5AAC0;L=KE >A>15==>AB59 >B?@02;5=8O ?@02>AC48O, E0@0:B5@=KE 4;O B>9 8;8 8=>9 D>@<K AC4>?@>872>4AB20, ?>A:>;L:C >=> A2845B5;LAB2C5B >1 >15A?5G5=88 A>1;N45=8O 8 70I8BK ?@02 3@0640= 8 N@848G5A:8E ;8F.

4.#@8<5=5=85 2A5<8 AC40<8 >=AB8BCF88 $(, D545@0;L=KE :>=AB8BCF8>==KE 70:>=>2, D545@0;L=KE 70:>=>2, >1I5?@87=0==KE ?@8=F8?>2 8 =>@< <564C=0@>4=>3> ?@020 8 <564C=0@>4=KE 4>3>2>@>2 $(, 0 B0:65 :>=AB8BCF89 (CAB02>2) 8 4@C38E 70:>=>2 AC1J5:B>2 $(, B.5. 2 A0<>< >1I5< 2845 @50;870F8O C:070==>3> ?>;>65=8O O2;O5BAO B@0=AD>@<0F859 >1I53> ?@8=F8?0 70:>==>AB8 2 45OB5;L=>AB8 AC4>2. $>;L AC40 :0: >@30=0 ?@02>AC48O A2>48BAO : >15A?5G5=8N 8A?>;=5=8O ?>;>65=89 459AB2CNI8E ?@02>2KE =>@< ?@8<5=8B5;L=> : :>=:@5B=>9 687=5==>9 A8BC0F88. #@54?8A0=8O =>@<0B82=KE 0:B>2 2 40==>< A;CG05 2KABC?0NB 548=AB25==K< >A=>20=85< 4;O ?@8=OB8O AC4>< A>>B25BAB2CNI53> @5H5=8O.

5.#@87=0=85 >1O70B5;L=>AB8 8A?>;=5=8O =0 2A59 B5@@8B>@88 $( AC451=KE ?>AB0=>2;5=89, 2ABC?82H8E 2 70:>==CN A8;C, =5?>A@54AB25==> @53;0<5=B8@>20=> >=AB8BCF859 $(, :>B>@0O

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

6.0:>=>40B5;L=>5 70:@5?;5=85 548=AB20 AB0BCA0 AC459, B.5. CAB0=>2;5=8O >1I8E ?>;>65=89, E0@0:B5@87CNI8E ?@02>2>5 ?>;>65=85 AC4L8 =57028A8<> >B AB0BCA0 AC40, 2 :>B>@>< >= >ACI5AB2;O5B A2>N 45OB5;L=>ABL. 48=AB2> AB0BCA0 AC459 ?@>O2;O5BAO =5 B>;L:> 2 ?@54>AB02;5=88 8< @02=KE 30@0=B89 8 ?@02, => B0:65 8 2 >15A?5G5=88 @02=KE <5@ >B25BAB25==>AB8 8 ?@8<5=5=88 A?5F80;L=>3> ?>@O4:0 ?@82;5G5=8O AC4L8 : >B25BAB25==>AB8. #@8G5< 2 40==>< A;CG05 548=AB2> AB0BCA0 AC459 ?@>O2;O5BAO ;8HL 2 ?@54>AB02;5=88 30@0=B89 @02=>3> AB0BCA0, :>B>@K9 :>@@5:B8@C5BAO ?@8<5=8B5;L=> : 70=8<05<>9 4>;6=>AB8. &0:,

14

=0?@8<5@, 2>7=03@0645=85 8 8=K5 D8=0=A>2K5 2K?;0BK AC4L5 5@E>2=>3> %C40 $( ?@54>AB02;ONBAO 2 1>;LH5< >1J5<5, =565;8 AC4L5 @09>==>3> AC40, >4=0:> B0:>5 87<5=5=85

>1CA;>2;5=> AB0BCA>< AC40, 2 :>B>@>< >ACI5AB2;O5B 45OB5;L=>ABL AC4LO. "4=>2@5<5==>, 30@0=B88 8 ?@54>AB02;O5<>5 >15A?5G5=85 AC4LO< @09>==KE AC4>2 =5 <>65B @07;8G0BLAO 2 7=0G8B5;L=>9 AB5?5=8 2 A8;C 548=AB20 AB0BCA0 AC459 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88.

7. (8=0=A8@>20=85 D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 8 <8@>2KE AC459 87 D545@0;L=>3> 1N465B0, :>B>@K9

O2;O5BAO 548=AB25==K< 8AB>G=8:>< >15A?5G5=8O 8E 45OB5;L=>AB8, ?@82;5G5=85 8=KE A@54AB2, 2 B>< G8A;5 8 87 8=KE 8AB>G=8:>2 O2;O5BAO ?@02>=0@CH5=85< 8 =5A>2<5AB8<> A 4>;6=>ABLN AC4L8. #@8 D>@<8@>20=88 0??0@0B0 C?@02;5=8O >1I5AB2><, 3>AC40@AB2>, ?5@54020O >B45;L=K< >@30=0< 2;0AB8 A2>8 ?>;=><>G8O, >4=>2@5<5==> 15@5B =0 A51O 8 >1O70B5;LAB20 ?> 8E >15A?5G5=8N, 2 ?5@2CN >G5@54L, D8=0=A>2><C.

=0;87 ?>;>65=89 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 ?>72>;O5B A45;0BL 2K2>4 > B><, GB> >15A?5G5=85 548=AB20 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K 2KB5:05B, 2 ?5@2CN >G5@54L, 87 53> A2O78 A 3>AC40@AB2><, :>B>@>5 D>@<8@C5B >@30=K 2;0AB8 8 >15A?5G8205B 8E 45OB5;L=>ABL. &0:8< >1@07><, 2=5H=OO AB>@>=0 548=AB20 AC451=>9 A8AB5<K O2;O5BAO ?>AB>O==>9 8 30@0=B8@C5BAO 3>AC40@AB2><, 55 2=CB@5==55 ?@>O2;5=85 :>@@5:B8@C5BAO ?@8<5=8B5;L=> : >B45;L=K< >A>15==>ABO< AC4>2 8;8 AC459.

!F4FPO 4. %C4K 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88

1.#@02>AC485 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC40<8, CG@5645==K<8 2 A>>B25BAB288 A >=AB8BCF859 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 =0AB>OI8< (545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><. %>740=85 G@572KG09=KE AC4>2 8 AC4>2, =5 ?@54CA<>B@5==KE =0AB>OI8< (545@0;L=K< :>=AB8BCF8>==K< 70:>=><, =5 4>?CA:05BAO.

2.$>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 459AB2CNB D545@0;L=K5 AC4K, :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 (CAB02=K5) AC4K 8 <8@>2K5 AC4L8 AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, A>AB02;ONI85 AC451=CN A8AB5<C $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88.

3.D545@0;L=K< AC40< >B=>AOBAO:

>=AB8BCF8>==K9 %C4 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88;5@E>2=K9 %C4 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88;

25@E>2=K5 AC4K @5A?C1;8:, :@052K5, >1;0AB=K5 AC4K, AC4K 3>@>4>2 D545@0;L=>3> 7=0G5=8O, AC4K 02B>=><=>9 >1;0AB8 8 02B>=><=KE >:@C3>2, @09>==K5 AC4K, 2>5==K5 8 A?5F80;878@>20==K5 AC4K, A>AB02;ONI85 A8AB5<C D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88;

0@18B@06=K5 AC4K >:@C3>2, 0@18B@06=K5 0?5;;OF8>==K5 AC4K, 0@18B@06=K5 AC4K AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 A?5F80;878@>20==K5 0@18B@06=K5 AC4K, A>AB02;ONI85 A8AB5<C D545@0;L=KE 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2.

4. AC40< AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >B=>AOBAO: :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 (CAB02=K5) AC4K AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, <8@>2K5 AC4L8, O2;ONI85AO AC4LO<8 >1I59 N@8A48:F88 AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88.

КB@@9AF4D<= > EF. 4

1. N@848G5A:>9 B5>@88 8 ?@0:B8:5 ACI5AB2C5B <=>3>G8A;5==>5 ?>=OB85 B5@<8=0 «?@02>AC485». &0:, =0?@8<5@, 2 .@848G5A:>9 M=F8:;>?5488, ?>43>B>2;5==>9 =AB8BCB><

3>AC40@AB20 8 ?@020 $ !, ?@02>AC485 >?@545;O5BAO :0: >A>1K9 284 3>AC40@AB25==>9 (?C1;8G=>9) 45OB5;L=>AB8, A>AB>OI89 2 B><, GB> =57028A8<K9, 15A?@8AB@0AB=K9 8 A?@0254;82K9 AC4 (AC4K) =0

15

>A=>25 70:>=0 @0AA<0B@8205B 8 @07@5H05B ?@02>2K5 A?>@K 8 45;0, >B=5A5==K5 : 53> 2545=8N 2 CAB0=>2;5==KE 70:>=>< ?@02>2KE D>@<0E; 8 745AL @07;8G0NB 3@0640=A:>5, C3>;>2=>5, 04<8=8AB@0B82=>5, 0@18B@06=>5 8 :>=AB8BCF8>==>5 AC4>?@>872>4AB2>*(13).

2B>@A:89 :>;;5:B82 ?>4 @C:>2>4AB2>< ?@>D5AA>@0 %. . 20:LO=0 ?>4 ?@02>AC485< ?>=8<05B >ACI5AB2;O5<CN AC4>< ?@02>>E@0=8B5;L=CN 45OB5;L=>ABL ?> @0AA<>B@5=8N 8 @07@5H5=8N 3@0640=A:8E 8 C3>;>2=KE 45; ?@8 =5C:;>==>< A>1;N45=88 B@51>20=89 70:>=0 8 CAB0=>2;5==>3> 8< ?>@O4:0, >15A?5G820NI8E 70:>==>ABL, >1>A=>20==>ABL, A?@0254;82>ABL 8 >1I5>1O70B5;L=>ABL AC451=KE @5H5=89*(14).

;O 2A5E MB8E >?@545;5=89 >1I8< O2;O5BAO B>, GB> ?@02>AC485 ?>=8<05BAO :0: 45OB5;L=>ABL, ?@8G5< 45OB5;L=>ABL 3>AC40@AB25==0O, >ACI5AB2;O5<0O B>;L:> AC4><.

+0ABL 1 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 70:@5?;O5B >48= 87 >A=>2>?>;030NI8E ?@8=F8?>2

AC4>CAB@>9AB20, A>3;0A=> :>B>@><C ?@02>AC485 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC40<8, CG@5645==K<8 2 A>>B25BAB288 A 70:>=><. ':070==>5 ?>;>65=85 O2;O5BAO 2>A?@>872545=85< G. 1 AB. 118

>=AB8BCF88 $(. &0:8< >1@07><, =8:0:85 8=K5 >@30=K 3>AC40@AB20, 1C4L B> 8A?>;=8B5;L=K5 ;81> 70:>=>40B5;L=K5, =5 <>3CB 1KBL =045;5=K ?>;=><>G8O<8 ?> >B?@02;5=8N ?@02>AC48O.

0==K9 2K2>4 =0H5; A2>5 >B@065=85 2 ?>AB0=>2;5=88 >=AB8BCF8>==>3> AC40 $( >B 17 <0@B0 2009 3. № 5-#, 345 C:070=>, GB> A>3;0A=> AB. 118 (G. 1 8 2) >=AB8BCF88 $( ?@02>AC485 2 $(

>ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC4>< ?>A@54AB2>< :>=AB8BCF8>==>3>, 3@0640=A:>3>, 04<8=8AB@0B82=>3> 8 C3>;>2=>3> AC4>?@>872>4AB20. #> A<KA;C 40==>9 AB0BL8 >=AB8BCF88 $( 2> 2708<>A2O78 A> AB. 10 >=AB8BCF88 $(, 8<5==> AC4C ?@8=04;568B 8A:;NG8B5;L=>5 ?>;=><>G85 ?@8=8<0BL

>:>=G0B5;L=K5 @5H5=8O 2 A?>@5 > ?@025, 2 B>< G8A;5 ?> 45;0<, 2>7=8:0NI8< 87 =0;>3>2KE ?@02>>B=>H5=89, GB>, 2 A2>N >G5@54L, >7=0G05B =54>?CAB8<>ABL ?@5>4>;5=8O 2K=5A5==>3> AC4>< @5H5=8O ?>A@54AB2>< N@8A48:F8>==>3> 0:B0 04<8=8AB@0B82=>3> >@30=0. #@5>4>;5=85 AC451=>3> @5H5=8O ?CB5< ?@8=OB8O 04<8=8AB@0B82=K< >@30=>< N@8A48:F8>==>3> 0:B0, 2;5:CI53> 4;O CG0AB=8:>2 A?>@0, ?> :>B>@><C 1K;> ?@8=OB> AC451=>5 @5H5=85, 8=K5 ?>A;54AB28O, =565;8 >?@545;5==K5 MB8< AC451=K< @5H5=85<, >7=0G05B =0@CH5=85 CAB0=>2;5==KE >=AB8BCF859 $( AC451=KE 30@0=B89 ?@02 8 A2>1>4, =5 A>>B25BAB2C5B A0<>9 ?@8@>45 ?@02>AC48O, :>B>@>5 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC4><, 8 =5A>2<5AB8<> A :>=AB8BCF8>==K<8 ?@8=F8?0<8 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>AB8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8, =57028A8<>AB8 AC40 8 53> ?>4G8=5=8O B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 D545@0;L=><C 70:>=C.

#>;>65=8O G. 1 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 2=>AOB ACI5AB25==>5 CB>G=5=85 2 G0AB8

2>7<>6=>AB8 >ACI5AB2;5=8O ?@02>AC48O B>;L:> AC40<8, CG@5645==K<8 2 A>>B25BAB288 A>=AB8BCF859 $( 8 :><<5=B8@C5<K< 0:>=><. #@8 MB>< A>740=85 G@572KG09=KE AC4>2 8 AC4>2, =5 ?@54CA<>B@5==KE :><<5=B8@C5<K< 0:>=><, =5 4>?CA:05BAO. -B> ?>;>65=85 O2;O5BAO «8AB>@8G5A:>9 @50:F859» =0 B@038G5A:85 A>1KB8O @>AA89A:>9 8AB>@88 :>=F0 1930 3>4>2, :>340 AC451=K5 @5H5=8O 2K=>A8;8AL G@572KG09=K<8 AC40<8, B0: =07K205<K<8 «B@>9:0<8».

2. %C4K 2 $>AA88 459AB2CNB =5 @07@>7=5==>, 0 >?@545;5==K< >1@07>< AB@C:BC@8@>20=K A

B>G:8 7@5=8O 8E :><?5B5=F88 (?>4254><AB25==>AB8 8 ?>4AC4=>AB8), 0 B0:65 C@>2=O ?C1;8G=>9 2;0AB8.

%>25@H5==> 5AB5AB25==> A CG5B>< D545@0B82=>3> CAB@>9AB20 $( A=0G0;0 2 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL5 >?@545;5=K D545@0;L=K5 AC4K. D545@0;L=K< AC40< >B=>AOBAO:

>=AB8BCF8>==K9 %C4 $(;

5@E>2=K9 %C4 $(;

16

25@E>2=K5 AC4K @5A?C1;8:, :@052K5, >1;0AB=K5 AC4K, AC4K 3>@>4>2 D545@0;L=>3> 7=0G5=8O, AC4K 02B>=><=>9 >1;0AB8 8 02B>=><=KE >:@C3>2, @09>==K5 AC4K, 2>5==K5 8 A?5F80;878@>20==K5 AC4K, A>AB02;ONI85 A8AB5<C D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88;

0@18B@06=K5 AC4K >:@C3>2, 0@18B@06=K5 0?5;;OF8>==K5 AC4K, 0@18B@06=K5 AC4K AC1J5:B>2 $( 8 A?5F80;878@>20==K5 0@18B@06=K5 AC4K, A>AB02;ONI85 A8AB5<C D545@0;L=KE 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2.

3.A>>B25BAB288 A G. 4 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 (CAB02=K5) AC4K AC1J5:B>2 $(, <8@>2K5 AC4L8, O2;ONI85AO AC4LO<8 >1I59 N@8A48:F88 AC1J5:B>2 $(, >B=>AOBAO

:AC40< AC1J5:B>2 $(.

>=AB8BCF8>==K9 %C4 $(, @0AA<0B@820O 2>?@>AK, :0A0NI85AO ?@02>2>3> AB0BCA0 :>=AB8BCF8>==KE (CAB02=KE) AC4>2 AC1J5:B>2 $( 8 8E AC459, 8 ?>4B25@640O ?@02><>G85 AC1J5:B>2 $( A>74020BL A>1AB25==K5 :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 (CAB02=K5) AC4K, 2 A2>8E @5H5=8OE =5>4=>:@0B=> C:07K20;, GB> ?>@O4>: >@30=870F88 8 45OB5;L=>AB8 B0:8E AC4>2, O2;ONI8EAO AC40<8 AC1J5:B>2 $(, 2 A8;C AB. 72 (?. «1», «=» G. 1) >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 =0 >A=>25 D545@0;L=KE

70:>=>?>;>65=89 A0<>AB>OB5;L=> >?@545;O5BAO AC1J5:B>< $( 2 53> :>=AB8BCF88 (CAB025) 8 70:>=0E. 0: C65 1K;> >B<5==> 2KH5, =0@O4C A :>=AB8BCF8>==K<8 (CAB02=K<8) AC40<8, <8@>2K5 AC4L8 >4=>2@5<5==> B0:65 ?@87=0NBAO AC4LO<8 AC1J5:B>2 $( (G. 1 AB. 1 ( «" <8@>2KE AC4LOE 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88») 8 AC40<8 AC1J5:B>2 $(. N@848G5A:>9 ;8B5@0BC@5 A?@0254;82>

>1@0I0;>AL 2=8<0=85 =0 B>, GB> 2 >4=>< A;CG05 70:>=>40B5;L ?>4 <8@>2K< AC4L59 ?>4@07C<5205B D878G5A:>5 ;8F>, >1;040NI55 >?@545;5==K< AB0BCA><, 0 2 4@C3>< — 725=> AC451=>9 A8AB5<K*(15).

(545@0;L=K9 70:>= «" <8@>2KE AC4LOE 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88» ?>=OB85 <8@>2>3> AC4L8 >1J548=8; 2 548=>5 F5;>5, >1>7=0G82, GB> <8@>2K5 AC4L8 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 O2;ONBAO AC4LO<8 >1I59 N@8A48:F88 AC1J5:B>2 $( 8 2E>4OB 2 548=CN AC451=CN A8AB5<C $(.

&0:8< >1@07><, =0 B5@@8B>@88 AC1J5:B>2 $( <>3CB 459AB2>20BL :>=AB8BCF8>==K5 (CAB02=K5) AC4K, :>B>@K5 A>AB02;ONB >B45;L=CN A8AB5<C AC4>2, >ACI5AB2;ONI8E A2>8 ?>;=><>G8O =0 B5@@8B>@88 :>=:@5B=>3> AC1J5:B0 8 =5 >B=>AOI8EAO =8 : >4=>9 87 D545@0;L=KE AC451=KE A8AB5< 8 <8@>2K5 AC4L8, :>B>@K5 459AB2CO 2 A>AB025 AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88, >B=>AOBAO : AC40< AC1J5:B>2 $(.

!F4FPO 5. %0<>AB>OB5;L=>ABL AC4>2 8 =57028A8<>ABL AC459

1.%C4K >ACI5AB2;ONB AC451=CN 2;0ABL A0<>AB>OB5;L=>, =57028A8<> >B GL59 1K B> =8 1K;> 2>;8, ?>4G8=OOAL B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 70:>=C.

2.%C4L8, ?@8AO6=K5 8 0@18B@06=K5 70A540B5;8, CG0AB2CNI85 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O, =57028A8<K 8 ?>4G8=ONBAO B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 70:>=C. 0@0=B88 8E =57028A8<>AB8 CAB0=02;820NBAO >=AB8BCF859 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8 D545@0;L=K< 70:>=><.

3.%C4, CAB0=>282 ?@8 @0AA<>B@5=88 45;0 =5A>>B25BAB285 0:B0 3>AC40@AB25==>3> 8;8 8=>3> >@30=0, 0 @02=> 4>;6=>AB=>3> ;8F0 >=AB8BCF88 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, D545@0;L=><C :>=AB8BCF8>==><C 70:>=C, D545@0;L=><C 70:>=C, >1I5?@87=0==K< ?@8=F8?0< 8 =>@<0< <564C=0@>4=>3> ?@020, <564C=0@>4=><C 4>3>2>@C $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, :>=AB8BCF88 (CAB02C) AC1J5:B0 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, 70:>=C AC1J5:B0 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, ?@8=8<05B @5H5=85 2 A>>B25BAB288 A ?@02>2K<8 ?>;>65=8O<8, 8<5NI8<8 =081>;LHCN N@848G5A:CN A8;C.

4.$>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 =5 <>3CB 874020BLAO 70:>=K 8 8=K5 =>@<0B82=K5 ?@02>2K5 0:BK, >B<5=ONI85 8;8 C<0;ONI85 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>ABL AC4>2, =57028A8<>ABL AC459.

17

5. 8F0, 28=>2=K5 2 >:070=88 =570:>==>3> 2>7459AB28O =0 AC459, ?@8AO6=KE 8 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59, CG0AB2CNI8E 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O, 0 B0:65 2 8=>< 2<5H0B5;LAB25 2 45OB5;L=>ABL AC40, =5ACB >B25BAB25==>ABL, ?@54CA<>B@5==CN D545@0;L=K< 70:>=><. #@8A2>5=85 2;0AB=KE ?>;=><>G89 AC40 =0:07K205BAO 2 A>>B25BAB288 A C3>;>2=K< 70:>=><.

КB@@9AF4D<= > EF. 5

1. :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL5 :>=:@5B878@>20= >48= 87 206=59H8E ?@8=F8?>2 ?@02>AC48O — ?@8=F8? =57028A8<>AB8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8. 0==K9 ?@8=F8? 70:@5?;5= 2 >=AB8BCF88 $(, 2 AB. 10 :>B>@>9 C:070=>, GB> >@30=K AC451=>9 2;0AB8 O2;ONBAO A0<>AB>OB5;L=K<8, 0 2 G. 1 AB. 118

>?@545;5=>, GB> ?@02>AC485 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC4><. !57028A8<>ABL AC451=>9 2;0AB8, :0: A;54C5B 87 G. 1 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8, 2:;NG05B 2

A51O, 2>-?5@2KE, >ACI5AB2;5=85 AC40<8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8 A0<>AB>OB5;L=>, =57028A8<> >B GL59- ;81> 2>;8, 2>-2B>@KE, ?>4G8=5=85 AC4>2 8A:;NG8B5;L=> >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 70:>=C.

%0<>AB>OB5;L=>ABL >ACI5AB2;5=8O AC451=>9 2;0AB8 ?@54?>;0305B, GB> =8:B> =5 <>65B 2;8OBL =0 ?@8=OB85 AC4>< @5H5=8O, 1C4L B> >@30= 3>AC40@AB25==>9 2;0AB8, ;N1>9 8=>9 >@30= C?@02;5=8O, 4>;6=>AB=>5 ;8F>, 3@0640=8= 8;8 N@848G5A:>5 ;8F>. 8=KE =>@<0B82=KE ?@02>2KE 0:B0E, 70:@5?;ONI8E ?@8=F8? A0<>AB>OB5;L=>AB8 >ACI5AB2;5=8O ?@02>AC48O, A>45@60BAO 8=K5 ?> D>@<5, => 0=0;>38G=K5 ?> A<KA;C D>@<C;8@>2:8. &0:, =0?@8<5@, A>3;0A=> ?. 2 AB. 8 # $(,

AC4L8 @0AA<0B@820NB 8 @07@5H0NB 3@0640=A:85 45;0 2 CA;>28OE, 8A:;NG0NI8E ?>AB>@>==55 =0 =8E 2>7459AB285. %>3;0A=> ?. 4 AB. 1 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88» AC4L8

=57028A8<K 8 ?>4G8=ONBAO B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 70:>=C. A2>59 45OB5;L=>AB8 ?> >ACI5AB2;5=8N ?@02>AC48O >=8 =8:><C =5 ?>4>BG5B=K.

>AC40@AB2>, ?@87=020O =57028A8<>ABL AC451=>9 2;0AB8, >15A?5G8205B A>2>:C?=>ABL >?@545;5==KE 30@0=B89 45OB5;L=>AB8 AC459, B.5. CA;>289, ?@8 :>B>@KE 2>7<>6=> A?@0254;82>5, 15A?@8AB@0AB=>5, >1J5:B82=>5 8 A2>52@5<5==>5 @0AA<>B@5=85 8 @07@5H5=85 45;0 AC4><. %@548 30@0=B89 =57028A8<>AB8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8 <>6=> 2K45;8BL ?>;8B8G5A:85, A>F80;L=>-

M:>=><8G5A:85 8 N@848G5A:85 30@0=B88.

?>;8B8G5A:8< 30@0=B8O< <>6=> >B=5AB8, 2>-?5@2KE, ?@8=F8? @0745;5=8O 2;0AB59 —

DC=40<5=B0;L=>5 >A=>20=85 >@30=870F88 2;0AB8 2 ?@02>2>< 3>AC40@AB25. $0745;5=85 2;0AB59 ?@54?>;0305B 70?@5B =0 2<5H0B5;LAB2> >@30=>2 70:>=>40B5;L=>9 8 8A?>;=8B5;L=>9 2;0AB8 2 >ACI5AB2;5=85 ?@02>AC48O. >-2B>@KE, 206=K5 ?>;8B8G5A:85 30@0=B88 =57028A8<>AB8 AC459 70:@5?;5=K 2 ?. 3 AB. 3 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», 345 CAB0=>2;5=

70?@5B AC4LO<:

70<5I0BL 8=K5 3>AC40@AB25==K5 4>;6=>AB8, 4>;6=>AB8 3>AC40@AB25==>9 A;C61K, <C=8F8?0;L=K5 4>;6=>AB8, 4>;6=>AB8 <C=8F8?0;L=>9 A;C61K, 1KBL B@5B59A:8< AC4L59, 0@18B@><;

?@8=04;560BL : ?>;8B8G5A:8< ?0@B8O<, <0B5@80;L=> ?>445@6820BL C:070==K5 ?0@B88 8 ?@8=8<0BL CG0AB85 2 8E ?>;8B8G5A:8E 0:F8OE 8 8=>9 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 45OB5;L=>AB8;

?C1;8G=> 2K@060BL A2>5 >B=>H5=85 : ?>;8B8G5A:8< ?0@B8O< 8 8=K< >1I5AB25==K< >1J548=5=8O< 8 4@.

"A=>2=>9 A>F80;L=>-M:>=><8G5A:>9 30@0=B859 =57028A8<>AB8 AC451=>9 2;0AB8 O2;O5BAO

>?@545;5==>5 45=56=>5 2>7=03@0645=85 ;8F0<, 70=8<0NI8< 4>;6=>ABL AC4L8, ?@54CA<>B@5==>5 2 ?. 1 AB. 9 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88». %>3;0A=> 40==>9 =>@<5

18

=57028A8<>ABL AC4L8 >15A?5G8205BAO ?@54>AB02;5=85< 70 AG5B 3>AC40@AB20 <0B5@80;L=>3> 8 A>F80;L=>3> >15A?5G5=8O, A>>B25BAB2CNI53> 53> 2KA>:><C AB0BCAC (A<. AB. 19 C:070==>3> 70:>=0).

N@848G5A:8< 30@0=B8O< =57028A8<>AB8 AC459 >B=>AOBAO:

=5A<5=O<>ABL AC459, 2>7<>6=>ABL ?@8>AB0=>2;5=8O 8 ?@5:@0I5=8O ?>;=><>G89 AC4L8 B>;L:> 2 ?>@O4:5 8 ?> >A=>20=8O<, ?@54CA<>B@5==K< D545@0;L=K< 70:>=>< (AB. 121

>=AB8BCF88 $();

=5?@8:>A=>25==>ABL AC459, =52>7<>6=>ABL ?@82;5G5=8O AC4L8 : C3>;>2=>9 >B25BAB25==>AB8 8=0G5 :0: 2 ?>@O4:5, ?@54CA<>B@5==>< D545@0;L=K< 70:>=>< (AB. 122

>=AB8BCF88 $();

>A>1K9 ?>@O4>: =07=0G5=8O AC459 =0 4>;6=>ABL (G. 1 8 2 AB. 128 >=AB8BCF88 $();

?@54CA<>B@5==0O 70:>=>< ?@>F54C@0 >ACI5AB2;5=8O ?@02>AC48O (AB. 9 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88»);

70?@5B ?>4 C3@>7>9 >B25BAB25==>AB8 GL53> 1K B> =8 1K;> 2<5H0B5;LAB20 2 45OB5;L=>ABL ?> >ACI5AB2;5=8N ?@02>AC48O (AB. 9 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88»);

?@02> AC4L8 =0 >BAB02:C (AB. 9 8 15 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88»);

=5>3@0=8G5==K9 A@>: ?>;=><>G89 AC459 (AB. 14 :><<5=B8@C5<>3> 0:>=0) 8 4@.

06=K< ?@54AB02;O5BAO 8 ?>;>65=85 ?. 4 AB. 9 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», A>3;0A=> :>B>@><C 30@0=B88 =57028A8<>AB8 AC4L8 @0A?@>AB@0=ONBAO =0 2A5E AC459 2 $( 8 =5 <>3CB 1KBL >B<5=5=K 8 A=865=K =>@<0B82=K<8 0:B0<8 $( 8 55 AC1J5:B>2.

A8;C G. 1 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 AC4K ?>4G8=ONBAO B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 70:>=C. %<KA; 40==>9 =>@<K 70:;NG05BAO 2 B><, GB>, 2>-?5@2KE, >4=0 B>;L:> ;8HL =57028A8<>ABL AC40

157 ?>4G8=5=8O 53> 70:>=C >7=0G05B 2A54>72>;5==>ABL 8 ?@>872>;, GB> =5A>2<5AB8<> A 45<>:@0B8G5A:8<8 ?@8=F8?0<8 ?@02>2>3> 3>AC40@AB20. >-2B>@KE, ?>4G8=5=85 AC4>2 70:>=C (0 2

?>=OB85 «70:>=»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

2.G. 2 :><<5=B8@C5<>9 AB0BL8 845B @5GL > =57028A8<>AB8 AC459, ?@8AO6=KE 8 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59. A8;C ?>;>65=8O AB. 1 :><<5=B8@C5<>3> 0:>=0, AC451=0O 2;0ABL 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 >ACI5AB2;O5BAO B>;L:> AC40<8 2 ;8F5 AC459 8 ?@82;5:05<KE 2 CAB0=>2;5==>< 70:>=>< ?>@O4:5 : >ACI5AB2;5=8N ?@02>AC48O ?@8AO6=KE8 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59. %;54>20B5;L=>, =5:>B>@K5 30@0=B88 =57028A8<>AB8 AC459 =5 <>3CB =5 @0A?@>AB@0=OBLAO 8 =0 8=KE ;8F, CG0AB2CNI8E 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O, 2 ?@>B82=>< A;CG05 4>18BLAO 53> MDD5:B82=>AB8 1C45B :@09=5 ?@>1;5<0B8G=>.

%>3;0A=> ?. 30 AB. 5 '# $( CD<Eя:AO@ ;4E984F9?9@ O2;O5BAO ;8F>, ?@82;5G5==>5 2

CAB0=>2;5==>< ?>@O4:5 4;O CG0AB8O 2 AC451=>< @0718@0B5;LAB25 8 2K=5A5=88 25@48:B0.

A8;C AB. 1 ( «" ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;OE D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88» @0AA<>B@5=85 C3>;>2=KE 45; A CG0AB85< ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;59 ?@>2>48BAO 2 5@E>2=>< %C45 $(, 25@E>2=KE AC40E @5A?C1;8:, :@052KE, >1;0AB=KE AC40E, AC40E 3>@>4>2 D545@0;L=>3> 7=0G5=8O, 02B>=><=>9 >1;0AB8 8 02B>=><=KE >:@C3>2, >:@C6=KE (D;>BA:8E) 2>5==KE AC40E. @0640=5 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88 8<5NB ?@02> CG0AB2>20BL 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O 2 :0G5AB25 ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;59 ?@8 @0AA<>B@5=88 AC40<8 ?5@2>9

19

8=AB0=F88 ?>4AC4=KE 8< C3>;>2=KE 45; A CG0AB85< ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;59. "3@0=8G5=85 40==>3> ?@020 CAB0=02;8205BAO B>;L:> D545@0;L=K< 70:>=><. 'G0AB85 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O 2 :0G5AB25 ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;59 3@0640=, 2:;NG5==KE 2 A?8A:8 :0=4840B>2 2 ?@8AO6=K5 70A540B5;8, O2;O5BAO 8E 3@0640=A:8< 4>;3><.

#@8AO6=K<8 70A540B5;O<8 <>3CB 1KBL 3@0640=5, 2:;NG5==K5 2 A?8A:8 :0=4840B>2 2 ?@8AO6=K5 70A540B5;8 8 ?@8720==K5 2 CAB0=>2;5==>< '# $( ?>@O4:5 : CG0AB8N 2 @0AA<>B@5=88 AC4>< C3>;>2=>3> 45;0.

#@8AO6=K<8 70A540B5;O<8 8 :0=4840B0<8 2 ?@8AO6=K5 70A540B5;8 =5 <>3CB 1KBL ;8F0:

=5 4>AB83H85 : <><5=BC A>AB02;5=8O A?8A:>2 :0=4840B>2 2 ?@8AO6=K5 70A540B5;8 2>7@0AB0 25 ;5B;

8<5NI85 =5?>30H5==CN 8;8 =5A=OBCN AC48<>ABL;

?@87=0==K5 AC4>< =5455A?>A>1=K<8 8;8 >3@0=8G5==K5 AC4>< 2 455A?>A>1=>AB8;

A>AB>OI85 =0 CG5B5 2 =0@:>;>38G5A:>< 8;8 ?A8E>=52@>;>38G5A:>< 48A?0=A5@5 2 A2O78 A ;5G5=85< >B 0;:>3>;87<0, =0@:><0=88, B>:A8:><0=88, E@>=8G5A:8E 8 70BO6=KE ?A8E8G5A:8E @0AAB@>9AB2.

CG0AB8N 2 @0AA<>B@5=88 AC4>< :>=:@5B=>3> C3>;>2=>3> 45;0 2 ?>@O4:5, CAB0=>2;5==>< '# $(, 2 :0G5AB25 ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;59 =5 4>?CA:0NBAO B0:65 ;8F0:

?>4>7@5205<K5 8;8 >128=O5<K5 2 A>25@H5=88 ?@5ABC?;5=89;

=5 2;045NI85 O7K:><, =0 :>B>@>< 2545BAO AC4>?@>872>4AB2>;

8<5NI85 D878G5A:85 8;8 ?A8E8G5A:85 =54>AB0B:8, ?@5?OBAB2CNI85 ?>;=>F5==><C CG0AB8N 2 @0AA<>B@5=88 AC4>< C3>;>2=>3> 45;0.

!0 ?@8AO6=>3> 70A540B5;O 2 ?5@8>4 >ACI5AB2;5=8O 8< ?@02>AC48O @0A?@>AB@0=ONBAO 30@0=B88 =57028A8<>AB8 8 =5?@8:>A=>25==>AB8 AC459, CAB0=>2;5==K5 >=AB8BCF859 $(, :><<5=B8@C5<K< 0:>=><, ?. 1 (70 8A:;NG5=85< 0170F52 B@5BL53>, G5B25@B>3> 8 H5AB>3>) 8 017. 1 ?. 2 AB. 9, AB. 10, ?. 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 8 8 AB. 16 0:>=0 $( «" AB0BCA5 AC459 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», (545@0;L=K< 70:>=>< >B 20 0?@5;O 1995 3. № 45-( «" 3>AC40@AB25==>9 70I8B5 AC459,

4>;6=>AB=KE ;8F ?@02>>E@0=8B5;L=KE 8 :>=B@>;8@CNI8E >@30=>2» 8 ( «" ?@8AO6=KE 70A540B5;OE D545@0;L=KE AC4>2 >1I59 N@8A48:F88 2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88».

АD5<FD4:AO@< ;4E984F9?я@< 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2 AC1J5:B>2 $( O2;ONBAO 3@0640=5 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88, =045;5==K5 2 ?>@O4:5, CAB0=>2;5==>< ( «"1 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;OE 0@18B@06=KE AC4>2 AC1J5:B>2 $>AA89A:>9 (545@0F88», ?>;=><>G8O<8 ?> >ACI5AB2;5=8N

?@02>AC48O ?@8 @0AA<>B@5=88 0@18B@06=K<8 AC40<8 AC1J5:B>2 $( 2 ?5@2>9 8=AB0=F88 ?>4254><AB25==KE 8< 45;, 2>7=8:0NI8E 87 3@0640=A:8E ?@02>>B=>H5=89.

@18B@06=K5 70A540B5;8 ?@82;5:0NBAO : @0AA<>B@5=8N 45; ?> E>40B09AB2C AB>@>=K, @07@5H05<><C 2 ?>@O4:5, CAB0=>2;5==>< # $(. ':070==>5 E>40B09AB2> <>65B 1KBL 70O2;5=>

4> =0G0;0 @0AA<>B@5=8O 45;0 ?> ACI5AB2C. %>AB02 0@18B@06=>3> AC40 4;O @0AA<>B@5=8O :>=:@5B=>3> 45;0 A CG0AB85< 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59 D>@<8@C5BAO 2 ?>@O4:5, 8A:;NG0NI5< 2;8O=85 =0 53> D>@<8@>20=85 ;8F, 708=B5@5A>20==KE 2 8AE>45 45;0, 8 A>AB>8B 87 >4=>3> AC4L8 8 42CE 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59. %C4LO O2;O5BAO ?@54A540B5;LAB2CNI8< 2 AC451=>< 70A540=88.

@18B@06=K5 70A540B5;8 ?@8=8<0NB CG0AB85 2 @0AA<>B@5=88 45;0 8 ?@8=OB88 @5H5=8O =0@02=5 A ?@>D5AA8>=0;L=K<8 AC4LO<8. #@8 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O >=8 ?>;L7CNBAO ?@020<8 8 =5ACB >1O70==>AB8 AC4L8. @18B@06=K5 70A540B5;8, CG0AB2CNI85 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O, =57028A8<K 8 ?>4G8=ONBAO B>;L:> >=AB8BCF88 $( 8 70:>=C. 'G0AB85 3@0640= 2 >ACI5AB2;5=88 ?@02>AC48O 2 :0G5AB25 0@18B@06=KE 70A540B5;59 O2;O5BAO 8E 3@0640=A:8< 4>;3><.

20

Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]