- •Федеральное агентство связи
- •канд. филос. наук Логутова М.А.
- •Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов технических специальностей первого и второго курсов, а также студентов заочного факультета всех технических специальностей как для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы.
- •Практическое пособие составлено на основе современных аутентичных текстов и статей на английском языке. Статьи взяты из оригинальных источников с учетом их информативности и соответствия научно-техническим достижениям.
- •Оглавление
- •Telegraph
- •Computers
- •Telephone
- •(СибГУТИ)
- •А. В. Фирсова
- •АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
- •Reading & Translating Proficiency
- •Учебное пособие
- •Новосибирск
- •Утверждено редакционно-издательским советом СибГУТИ
- •Рецензенты: канд. пед. наук, доцент Фенина Н.Г.
- •Telegraph
- •History of Telegraph
- •Electrical Telegraph
- •Samuel Morse
- •The Birth of the Recording Telegraph
- •Samuel Morse Petitions to Build Telegraph Line
- •Samuel Morse Applies for European Patents
- •Introduction to the Art of Photography
- •Building of the First Telegraph Line
- •First Commercial Telegraph Line
- •Improved Telegraph Mechanism and Code
- •Replacing the Pony Express
- •Before Photography
- •The First Photographers
- •Negative to Positive Process
- •Other Early Processes
- •Flexible Roll Film
- •Photographic Prints
- •Instant Photography
- •Early Cameras
- •Modern Cameras
- •Digital Cameras
- •Flashlights and Flashbulbs
- •Photographic Filters
- •Robotics
- •Robotics Theory and Science Fiction
- •First Robots Emerge
- •Timeline of Computerized Robotics
- •Modern Robotics
- •Electromagnet
- •Invention of the First Electromagnet
- •Improvements on Sturgeon's Invention
- •Sturgeon's Later Life
- •Electromagnetic waves
- •Heinrich Hertz
- •Hertz's Education
- •Hertz's Work and Discoveries
- •What Hertz Missed
- •Other Scientific Interests
- •Honors
- •Electricity and Electronics
- •Humans and electricity
- •Generating electricity
- •Speed of light
- •What Is Light?
- •What Is the Speed of Light?
- •Lightspeed and Gravitational Waves
- •Travel Times for Light
- •Semiconductor
- •Electron Doping
- •History of Semiconductors
- •Transistor
- •Basic Point-Contact Transistor Structure
- •Benefits of Transistors
- •Microchip
- •What Is a Microchip?
- •How Microchips Are Made
- •Uses of the Microchip
- •Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce
- •Integrated Circuit (Microchip)
- •Why the Integrated Circuit Was Needed
- •Patents for the Integrated Circuit
- •Commercial Release
- •Electrical Current
- •Units for Electrical Current
- •Ohm's Law Governing Electrical Current
- •Direct Current
- •Alternating Current
- •CMOS Inverter
- •Lasers
- •Before the Laser
- •The Ruby Laser
- •The Gordon Gould Laser
- •The Gas Laser
- •Hall's Semiconductor Injection Laser
- •Patel's Carbon Dioxide Laser
- •Walker's Laser Telemetry
- •Laser Eye Surgery
- •Best Flashcard Study App: Flashcards+
- •Best Overall Study App: Evernote
- •Best Scanner Study App: Scanner Pro
- •Best Exam Tracking Study App: Exam Countdown Lite
- •Computers
- •The 8 Best Study Apps to Get in 2020
- •Best Free: My Study Life
- •Best Organizational Study App: iStudiez Pro Legend
- •Best Brainstorming Study App: XMind
- •Best Notetaking Study App: Dragon Anywhere
- •History of Computers
- •The Language Before the Hardware
- •The Earliest Processors
- •Dawn of Modern Computers
- •Transitioning Toward Transistors
- •History of Supercomputers
- •When Supercomputers Were Invented
- •Seymour Cray Goes Solo
- •More Computer Designers Emerge
- •Intel Joins the Race
- •History of Tablet Computers
- •One million pixels
- •The early tablets
- •PDAs: when tablets were simpler
- •The first true tablets
- •The iPad gets it right
- •History of Apple Computers
- •The Early Years
- •The Macintosh Computer
- •The iMac and the iPod
- •The iPhone
- •Compact Disk/CD
- •The Floppy Disk
- •The Computer Keyboard
- •The Computer Mouse
- •Printers
- •Computer Memory
- •History of the Computer Keyboard
- •The QWERTY Keyboard
- •Early Breakthroughs
- •Video Display Terminals
- •Electronic Impulses and Hand-Held Devices
- •The Pen Is Not Mightier Than the Keyboard
- •Why Keyboards Persist
- •Thumbs and Voice
- •History of Ethernet
- •Robert Metcalfe and Ethernet
- •Robert Metcalfe Today
- •UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System)
- •Inside the Technology
- •Global Roaming
- •UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) – универсальная мобильная телекоммуникационная система
- •The Modern Smartphone
- •Who Invented Smartphones?
- •PDAs and Cell Phones
- •Smartphone Mania Spreads From East to West
- •Apple’s iPhone
- •Bluetooth Invention
- •The Somewhat Dark Backstory
- •Bluetooth’s Swedish Origins
- •Lack of Competition
- •WiFi
- •What Is WiFi?
- •How Does WiFi Work?
- •Who Invented WiFi?
- •Who Owns the WLAN Patent?
- •Invention of Radio Telegraphy
- •Space Telegraphy
- •Broadcasting Begins
- •Radio Waves
- •Radio Waves in Astronomy
- •Sources of Radio Waves in the Universe
- •Radio Astronomy
- •Radio Interferometry
- •Radio's Relationship to Microwave Radiation
- •Spot Beam
- •Transponder
- •Active Transponders
- •Passive Transponders
- •GPS Jammer
- •Operation of GPS
- •Application of GPS jammers
- •Ku Band
- •Ku Band Difficulties
- •Ku Band Satellite Service Downlink Usage Frequency Range
- •Ku Band Dish Antenna Compatibility
- •Importance of Satellite Antenna Dish Parabola
- •Television
- •TV-GPS Technology
- •Components of a TV-GPS System
- •How the Basic TV-GPS System Works
- •Geostationary Satellite
- •How Television works
- •Main Elements of the TV Process
- •Video Source
- •Transmitter
- •Receiver (TV set)
- •Display Device
- •Sound Device
- •Three Major Ways to Receive TV Signals
- •Broadcast Television
- •Satellite TV
- •Cable TV
- •TV Technology Elements
- •Cathode Ray Tube
- •Color Process
- •How to Create Color
- •Antenna
- •Picture Quality
- •Data routing
- •Censorship
- •Zapps
- •Zoom virtual backgrounds
- •How to use virtual backgrounds on desktop.
- •How to use virtual backgrounds on the mobile app
- •Touch up my appearance
- •Vocabulary:
- •beta version – тестовая версия
- •host conferences – проводить конференции
- •end-to-end encryption
- •АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
- •Reading & Translating Proficiency
Mitzvah services. Zoom formed a partnership with Formula One to create a virtual club where fans can go behind the scenes and take part in virtual activities through Zoom, beginning with the Hungarian Grand Prix on July 19, 2020. An article published in July 2020 in the San Francisco Chronicle noted a new real estate trend in San Francisco and Oakland where some listings include "Zoom rooms" with backdrops for Zoom calls.
Richard Nelson's play What Do We Need to Talk About? takes place on Zoom, with its main characters congregating online during the coronavirus pandemic using Zoom. Written and directed by Nelson, it was commissioned by The Public Theater and premiered on YouTube on April 29, 2020, as a benefit performance. The New Yorker called it "the first great original play of quarantine". Oprah's Your Life in Focus: A Vision Forward was a live virtual experience hosted by Oprah Winfrey on Zoom from May 16 through June 6, 2020. In Source Material's play In These Uncertain Times, directed by Samantha Shay, characters communicate on Zoom. The play premiered on Zoom on July 25, 2020. In the 2020 British found-footage Zoom-based horror film Host, directed by Rob Savage, a group of young people have a remote séance in which they try contacting spirits over Zoom. It premiered on Shudder in July 2020. A live reading of Kristoffer Diaz's 2009 play The Elaborate Entrance of Chad Deity over Zoom streamed on Play-PerView from August 15–20, 2020.
On July 3-4, using Zoom Webinar, the International Association of Constitutional Law organized the first "round-the-clock and round-the-globe" event that traveled through time zones, featuring 52 speakers from 28 countries. Soon after, a format of conferences which "virtually travel the globe with the sun from East to West", became common, some of them running for several days.
Data routing
Zoom admitted that some calls in early April 2020 and prior were mistakenly routed through servers in mainland China, prompting governments and businesses to cease their usage of Zoom. The company later announced that data of free users outside of China would "never be routed through China" and that paid subscribers will be able to customize which data center regions they want to use. The company has data centers in Europe, Asia, North America, and Latin America.
Censorship
An April 2020 Citizen Lab report warned that having much of Zoom's research and development in China could "open up Zoom to pressure from Chinese authorities." Lee Cheuk Yan's (Chairman of Hong Kong Labour Party) account was also closed in early May 2020, and human rights activist Zhou Fengsuo's was closed in June after he held an event discussing the Tiananmen Square protests. In June 2020, Zoom acknowledged that it had terminated two accounts belonging to U.S. users and one of a user from Hong Kong connected to meetings discussing Tiananmen Square protests, the accounts were later re-opened, with the company stating that in the future it "will have a new process for handling similar situations." Zoom also announced upcoming technology that could prevent participants from specific countries from joining calls that were deemed illegal in those areas.
Zapps
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In October 2020, Zoom announced Zapps, or apps that both free and paid Zoom users will have access to within the Zoom platform.
"Think of Zapps as an app store right where you need it most - in a Zoom meeting, room, chat, webinar, phone call, and even your contacts directory," Zoom announced while explaining that Zapps can "improve productivity and help create more engaging experiences".
Launch partners include Atlassian, Asana, Box, Dropbox, Slack, Wrike, Coursera, Kahoot, Kaltura, HubSpot, Chorus, Gong, Cameo, Exer, Slido, Lucidspark, Miro, Mural, ServiceNow, and PagerDuty. For example, you can use the Dropbox Zapp to share the document you’ve been working on, or you can put up a poll using the Slido Zapp, or you can pull up the Asana Zapp and do updates on team projects.
The first of these Zapps will land by the end of 2020. Zoom plans to open the ability to offer a Zapp to more developers in the future.
Users will be able to search and add approved Zapps and integrate them directly into their Zoom accounts. Visit zoom.us/zapps to see watch demo videos. Zoom also has a blog post that details how to get started using Zapps when they finally launch in the Zoom app for everyone.
Zoom tips and tricks
Zoom has introduced settings that allow you to adjust the audio on your call and remove unnecessary and unwanted background noise.
In order to activate this, click into the settings, then find the audio options. In there you'll see a drop-down menu with "suppress background noise".
There are varying levels of suppression you can add here. The highest will remove as much as possible, reducing issues with fan noises and dogs barking while the lower levels will still let you play background music on a chilled-out casual call with friends.
If the built-in noise removal isn't enough there are other options available.
Zoom virtual backgrounds
If you want to jazz things up a bit or don't want other people on the Zoom call seeing the awful mess of your home then there's good news as Zoom offers virtual backgrounds. These are backdrops for your calls that include things like space, cityscapes and ocean-side views too.
Best Zoom backgrounds: fun virtual backgrounds for Zoom meetings
With Zoom virtual backgrounds, you can also upload an image of anything you want to customise your background. It's available for both iPhone and desktops
How to use virtual backgrounds on desktop.
It's fairly easy to get started with Zoom virtual backgrounds. On a Mac or PC, for instance, just open up your Zoom client, click on the "Setup" icon on the corner, and select "Virtual Background" in the side menu.
Zoom provides a few virtual backgrounds. Click on the one you'd like to use. If you would like your own background, click on the plus sign above and to the left of the sample backgrounds, choose an image from your computer, and add it.
You can also add a virtual background during a meeting. In your Zoom client, click on the arrow next to the video symbol on the left, select "Choose a virtual background", and you will see the same Virtual Background page.
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