Network Plus 2005 In Depth

832 Index

chmod rights file command, 429

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing), 491–493, 517–518

CIFS (Common Internet File System), 361, 406 ciphertext, 636, 657

CIR (committed information rate), 304, 343 circuit switching, 257, 284

cladding, 93, 124

Class A address, 149, 483–484 Class B address, 483–484, 487 Class B network, 149

Class C address, 483–484, 487 Class C network, 149

Class D address, 148 Class E address, 148 classes, 366, 406

classful addressing, 483, 518

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR), 491–493, 517–518

clean power, 577, 580 clear text, 641 client, 9, 24

client access, traditional, 471–472 client_hello message, 642, 657 client/server architecture, 4–5, 24, 356 client/server communication, 360–363 client/server networks, 4–6

common elements to, 9–13 definition of, 24

client services, 471–474

Client Services for NetWare (CSNW), 403, 406 client support, 360

client upgrades, 687–688 clustering, 357, 586–587, 604, 606

CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor), 211, 237

CN (common name), 391, 406

CNEs (Certified NetWare Engineers), 19, 24, 454 coaxial cable, 83–85, 124

cold site, 601–602, 607 cold spare, 591, 607 collaboration, 497

collapsed backbone, 254–255, 284 collision, 284

collision detection, 259

collision domain, 215–216, 238, 260, 284 command interpreter, 427, 445

commands. See specific types of commands command sampler, 426–432 command-line interface, 421 commands function, 427–428

committed information rate (CIR), 304, 343 Common Internet File System (CIFS), 361, 406 common name (CN), 391, 406 communications, 48–50, 675–676

client/server, 360–363 between computers, 356 data communications, 499 oral, 18

services, 13–14 simplex, 70–71, 129

user communication, 698 written, 18

communications server. See access server compact disc, recordable and rewriteable, 607 compact disc-recordable (CD-R), 596, 606 compact disc-rewriteable (CD-RW), 596, 606 CompactFlash standard, 200–201, 238 compatibility, of UNIX system, 418 competency, verify, 531–532

complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), 211, 237

components. See specific types of components

CompTIA (Computing Technology Industry Association), 19, 25, 705

computer viruses, 572 conduit, 125

confidential information, 624 configuration

for DNS, 166–168

for Fedora Core, 433–434

and installing NIC hardware, 203–205 and installing NIC software, 205–213

and installing Windows Server 2003, 395–402 for NetWare network operating system, 466–471 for Windows Server 2003, 397–399

connection

dial-up connection, 299, 344 DSL connectivity, 314–316

ICS (Internet Connection Sharing), 496–497, 518 remote connectivity, 328–336

T-Carrier connectivity, 309–310

to UNIX-type operating systems, 440–441 wireless network connection properties, 556

connectionless, 55 connectionless protocols, 40 connection-oriented protocols, 55 connectivity device, 10, 25 connectors, 81–82

for comparing STP and UTP, 90 definition of, 125

and fiber-optic cable, 96 console, 456, 477 ConsoleOne, 457, 468, 477

containers. See organizational unit context, 463–464, 477 contingency planning, 676, 700 continuity testers, 549–550, 561 control systems, remote, 632–633 convergence, 231, 238, 511, 518 coordinators, 543

copper cabling, 95 core, 125

core gateways, 494, 518 costs

cables and wireless connections, 80–81, 96 performance testers, 551

of STP and UTP, 90 country code TLDs, 162 cp file1 file2 command, 428 crackers, 617, 657

CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check), 44–45, 55 Create Group, 470

Create User, 469 credentials, 329, 343

crossover cable, 106, 125, 546 crosstalk

definition of, 125 transmission flaw, 77–78

CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance), 271, 284

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), 259–261, 271, 284

CSNW (Client Services for NetWare), 403, 406 CSU (channel service unit), 344

CSU/DSU (channel service unit/data service unit), 310–311, 344

customer relations, 18 customizing firewall settings, 629

Index 833

cut-through mode, 224–225, 238

Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), 44–45, 55

D

daisy chain, 252, 284 data, 16, 139, 145 data backup, 594–600

Datacenter Edition, 376 data communications, 499

Data Encryption Standard (DES), 638, 658 datagram, 50

Data Link layer

See also MAC address definition of, 55

in OSI Model, 48–50 data modulation, 69–70 data packets, 11, 25

data propagation delay, 260 data service unit (DSU), 345 date command, 428

DB-9 connector, 266, 284

DC (domain component), 391, 406 D channel, 344

DDNS (dynamic DNS), 168 decimal notation, 486 decimal number, 68 dedicated lines, 344

default gateway, 493, 518 default security settings, 621 default subnet mask, 485, 488 degradation, signal, 112–113 delete command, 171

demarc (demarcation point), 125 demarcation point (demarc), 125 demultiplexer (demux), 72–73, 125 demux (demultiplexer), 72–73, 125 denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, 622, 658

dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), 74, 125

dependability, 18

DES (Data Encryption Standard), 638, 658 design, cable, 100–104

destination IP address, 144

834 Index

destination port, 138 device driver, 205–206, 238 Device ID, 47, 55

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), 154–157, 184, 510

dial return, 325, 344

dial-up connection, 299, 344

dial-up networking, 328–329, 344, 633 dictionary attack, 635, 658 differential backup, 599, 607

Differentiated Services (DiffServ) field, 144 Diffie-Hellman algorithm, 640, 658 diffraction, 111, 125

DiffServ (Differentiated Services) field, 144 DiffServ field, 144

dig (domain information groper), 505–506, 518 digital, 125

digital certificate, 640, 658 digital PBX. See IP-PBX

digital signal, level 0 (DS0), 309, 344 digital signaling, 64–69

digital subscriber line. See DSL digital versatile disc (DVD), 407 digitizing protocols, 512

DIP (dual inline package), 205, 238

DIP (dual inline package) switch, 205, 238 direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS),

113–114, 125 directional antenna, 110, 125 directory, 365

definition, 406 separation of names, 428 structure, 425

DirXML tool, 474 definition, 477 eDirectory, 475

disaster recovery, 568, 600–602, 605–606, disk controllers, 465

disk drives

external, 597–598, 607, 610 hard, 378

removable, 597–598, 610 disk duplexing, 589, 607 disk file systems, 426

disk mirroring, 588–589, 607 disk sanitizing, 627

disk striping, 588, 607

with ECC (error correction code), 589–590 with RAID Level 5, 591

diskless workstations, 147, 184 dispatcher of response team, 625 distinguished name (DN), 391, 407 distributed backbone, 253–254, 284 “DIX” (Ethernet_II), 263–264 DN (distinguished name), 391, 407

DNS (Domain Name System), 161–169, 184. See also host names

DNS spoofing, 642, 658 document management, 497 domain accounts, 399, 407 domain component (DC), 391, 406 domain controllers, 386

domain information groper (dig), 505–506, 518 domain local group, 401, 407

domain models, 385, 407 domain name, 162–163, 184

Domain Name System (DNS), 161–169, 184. See also host names

domains, 385–386, 407 domain trees, 387–388, 407

DoS (denial-of-service) attacks, 622, 658 dotted decimal notation, 482, 485

and binary, 151 definition of, 184

down switch, ifconfig, 510 downlink, 324, 344 downstream, 312

driver. See device driver

DS0 (digital signal, level 0), 309, 344

DSL access multiplexer (DSLAM), 315, 345 DSLAM (DSL access multiplexer), 315, 345 DSL (digital subscriber line), 312–316

definition of, 344

DSL connectivity, 314–316 types of, 312–314

DSL modem, 314, 345

DSSS (direct sequence spread spectrum), 113, 113–114, 125

DSU (data service unit), 345 -d switch, 508

dual inline package (DIP), 205, 238

dual inline package (DIP) switch, 205, 238

DVD (digital versatile disc), 407 DVD-ROM component

for Mac OS X Server, 423 for Solaris 10, 422

DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing), 74, 125

dynamic address, 184

dynamic ARP table entries, 147, 184 dynamic DNS (DDNS), 168

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), 154–157, 184, 510

dynamic IP address, 153, 184 dynamic ports, 158, 184 dynamic routing, 230, 238

E

E1 standard, 345

E3 standard, 345

EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), 649, 653, 658

ECC (error correction code), 589–590, 607 echo reply, 173, 184

echo request, 173, 185 eDirectory, 460–464

definition, 477

naming conventions, 463–464

OUs (Organizational Units), 461–463 schema, 461

trees, 461–463

EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable readonly memory), 203, 212, 238

EIA (Electronic Industries Alliance), 33, 55 EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing

Protocol), 232, 238

electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), 203, 212, 238

electromagnetic interference (EMI), 77, 125 electronic badge access system, 626 Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA), 33, 55 elements, organizing, 365–368

e-mail gateway, 233 e-mail security, 641 embossing, 538

EMI (electromagnetic interference), 77, 125 employment, 16–22

developing soft skills, 18–19 finding work in, 20–21

joining professional associations, 21–22 mastering technical challenges, 17–18 pursuing certification, 19–20

Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), 644, 658 encapsulation, 50

encoding, MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), 499

encryption, 636, 655–656, 658

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), 644 key encryption, 636–640

PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), 641 SCP (Secure CoPy), 643

SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), 643–644 SSH (Secure Shell), 642–643

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer), 641–642 viruses, 571, 607

Enhanced Category 5 (CAT 5e), 89, 124 Enhanced Category 6 (CAT 6e), 89, 124 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

(EIGRP), 232, 238 Enterprise Edition, 375

environmental influences, transmission flaw, 77 equipment

adding or upgrading, 693–695 room, 102

troubleshooting tools, 546–558 cable continuity testers, 549–550 cable performance testers, 551 crossover cable, 546

multimeter, 548–549 network monitor, 552–554 protocol analyzer, 554–556

tone generator and tone locator, 546–547 wireless network testers, 556–558

error checking, 44

error correction code, 607

error correction code (ECC), 589–590, 607 error logs, 567–568

error message, 527

ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload), 644, 658 -e switch, netstat, 502

836 Index

Ethernet, 50, 259–265

10BASE-T Ethernet networking standard, 91, 121 100BASE-T (fast Ethernet), 92, 121 1000BASE-CX (Gigabit Ethernet over Twinax), 93,

121

1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet over Twisted-pair), 93, 122

CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection), 259–261

definition of, 55

Fast Ethernet, 92, 126 frames, 262

Gigabit Ethernet, 93, 126

PoE (Power over Ethernet), 264–265, 286 Power over Ethernet (PoE), 286

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet), 331, 347

shared, 261, 287 switched, 261–262, 288

Thicknet (thickwire Ethernet), 84, 130

Ethernet_II, 285

Ethernet_II (“DIX”), 263–264 Ethernet_II frame, 273–274 examination standards, 708–711 exit command, 429

expansion board, 195, 238 expansion card. See expansion board expansion slots, 195, 238

explicit one-way trust, 389, 407 ExpressCard, 198–199, 239 ext3 file system, 445

extended network prefix, 488–491, 518 extended schema, 461, 477

Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), 649, 653, 658

exterior router, 229, 239

external disk drives, 597–598, 607, 610 external network number, 185 extranet

definition, 518

for TCP/IP-based networks, 497–498

F

facilities, entrance, 101 fading, 112, 126

fail-over, 607

fail-over capable components, 583–584, 586 failures, 16, 576, 603, 607

false statement, 485

fast Ethernet (100BASE-T), 92, 121, 126

FAT16 (16-bit file allocation table), 380–381, 407 FAT32 (32-bit file allocation table), 381, 407 FAT (file allocation table), 380, 407

fault management, 680–683, 698, 700 faults, 576, 603, 607

fault tolerance, 91, 575–594, 603 definition of, 126 environment, 576

power, 576 servers, 584–587 storage, 587–594

topology and connectivity, 580–584

FCS (Frame Check Sequence), 44, 55

FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface), 267–268, 285

feasibility study, 670, 697, 700 Fedora Core, 239, 432–434, 445 ferrule, 126

FHSS (frequency hopping spread spectrum), 113, 126 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), 267–268,

285

fiber-optic cable, 93–100

10BASE-F standard, 97 10-Gigabit fiber-optic standards, 99 100BASE-FX standard, 97–98 1000BASE-LX standard, 98 1000BASE-SX standard, 98

vs. copper cabling, 95 definition of, 126

MMF (multimode fiber), 95–97 SMF (single-mode fiber), 94

fiber-optic networks, 549–550 Fibre Channel, 593, 607

file access

changing permissions, 437–439 native, 472–473

protocols, 361–362, 407 file allocation table. See FAT

File and Print Services for NetWare, 402, 408 file globbing, 428, 445

file-infected viruses, 570, 607

file servers, 13, 25 file services

definition of, 25

for UNIX-type operating systems, 425–426 file systems, 380–382

definition, 408 disk, 426

for NetWare network operating system, 458–460 for UNIX-type operating systems, 425

File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 170–171, 185 filtering database, 219, 239

find dir filename -print command, 428 firewalls, 234, 239, 628–632, 654–655 FireWire standard, 200, 239 firmware, 203

definition of, 239 settings, 212–213

firstlevel support analyst, 543 fixed, definition of, 126

fixed wireless system vs. mobile, 114 flags, 139, 144

flashing, 622, 658

flavors, of UNIX-type operating systems, 419–420 floppy disk, Linux server, 423

flow control, 39–40, 55 flow-control software, 543 flowchart, 536

FM (frequency modulation), 69, 126 forests, 387–388, 408

Format Prefix, 161, 185

forwarding table. See filtering database forward mode, 225

fox and hound, 547, 561 fractional T1, 309, 345 fragmentation, 44, 55 fragment offset, 144

Frame Check Sequence (FCS), 44, 55 Frame Control field, 274

frame fields, 263

Frame Relay, 302–305, 345 frames, 44, 50, 55, 262, 273–274

beacon frame, 272, 283 Ethernet, 262

Ethernet_II frame, 273–274

FCS (Frame Check Sequence), 44, 55 Frame Control field, 274

Index 837

frame fields, 263

Frame Relay, 302–305, 345

negative frame sequence checks, 553–554, 561

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Model, 50–51 SFD (start-of-frame delimiter), 261, 287 start-of-frame delimiter (SFD), 263, 287

X.25 and Frame Relay, 302–305

freely distributable software. See open source software frequency

analog wave, 65 C-band frequency, 325 definition of, 126

FHSS (frequency hopping spread spectrum), 113, 126

FM (frequency modulation), 69 Ka-band frequency, 325 Ku-band frequency, 325 L-band frequency, 325

radiofrequency interference (RFI), 77, 129 S-band frequency, 325

frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS), 113, 126 frequency modulation (FM), 69, 126

FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 170–171, 185 ftp host command, 429

F-Type connector, 126 full backup, 599, 608

full-duplex transmission, 71, 126, 513 full mesh topology, 580

full mesh WAN, 297, 345

G

Gantt chart, 674, 700

gateway routers. See border routers

gateways, 233–234, 239, 493. See also specific types of gateways

Gbps (1 gigabit per second), 120 generators, 546–547, 580, 604

GEO (geostationary orbit), 324, 345 get command, 171

get filename1 filename2 command, 644 ghosts, 554, 561

giants, 553, 561

Gigabit Ethernet, 93, 126

over Twinax (21000BASE-CX), 93, 121 over Twisted-pair (21000BASE-T), 93, 122

838 Index

global group, 401, 408

globally unique identifier (GUID), 392, 408 GNU, 445

grandfather-father-son scheme, 599–600, 608 graphical user interface (GUI), 375, 408, 421 grep string file command, 429

groupadd command, 434 groupadd teachers, 434–435 grouping users, 634 groups, 363–365, 408

establishing, 399–402

on Linux and Solaris, 434–435 on Mac OS X Server, 435–437

on NetWare network operating system, 468–471 for security, 364

for users, 363–364

GroupWise, 456, 477 Guests account, 399, 408 guidelines for passwords, 635

GUID (globally unique identifier), 392, 408 GUI (graphical user interface), 375, 408, 421

H

hackers, 617, 658

half-duplex transmission, 71, 126 handshake protocol, 641–642, 659 hard disk component

for Linux server, 422–423 for Mac OS X Server, 423 for Solaris 10, 422

hard disk drive, 378 hardware, 193–244 bridges, 218–221

configuring and installing NIC, 203–205 diagnosis and failure alert, 16

gateways, 233–234

Network Interface Cards (NICs), 194–215 and physical plant changes, 692–697

adding or upgrading equipment, 693–695 backbone upgrades, 696–697

cabling upgrades, 695–696 reversing hardware changes, 697

repeaters and hubs, 215–218

requirements, 358, 377–378 for Linux, 422–423

for Mac OS X Server, 423

for NetWare network operating system, 455 for Solaris, 421–422

for UNIX-type operating systems, 420–421 reversing changes, 697

routers, 227–233 brouter, 233

features and functions, 228–231 routing protocols, 231–232

and software of UNIX system, 418 switches, 221–227

cut-through mode, 224–225 higher-layer switches, 227 installing, 222–224

store and forward mode, 225

using to create VLANs (virtual local area networks), 225–227

tools, 554 upgrades, 699–700

hardware address. See MAC address Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), 377, 408 hardware RAID, 587, 608

HCL (Hardware Compatibility List), 377, 408 head-end, 345

header checksum, 144 health checks, 545, 567 help command, 171 help desk, 543–544 hertz (Hz), 65, 127

heuristic scanning, 573, 608

HFC (hybrid fiber-coax), 316–317, 345 HFS+ file system, 445

hierarchical file system, 425, 445 higher-layer switches, 227

High-Speed Token Ring (HSTR), 264–265, 285 home directory, 470, 477

hop, 185

horizontal wiring, 102 host addresses, 486

host names, 161–169, 185

DDNS (Dynamic DNS), 168

DNS (Domain Name System), 164–166 configuring, 166–168

host files, 163–164 domain name, 162–163 host files, 163–164

Zeroconf (Zero Configuration), 168–169 host files, 163–164, 185

hostname, 643–644 hosts, 10, 25, 164, 185 hot site, 602, 608

hot spare, 591, 608 hot spots, 321, 345

hot swappable components, 583–584, 591, 604, 608 HSTR (High-Speed Token Ring), 264–265, 285 -h switch, traceroute, 508

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), 497, 518 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 38, 56 HTTP over Secure Sockets Layer (HTTPS),

641, 659

HTTPS (HTTP over Secure Sockets Layer or HTTP Secure), 641, 659

HTTPS (HTTP Secure), 659 hubs, 215–218, 239, 694 human errors, 531, 618–619

hybrid fiber-coax (HFC), 316–317, 345 hybrid topology, 285

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 497, 518 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 38, 56 Hz (hertz), 65, 127

I

IAB (Internet Architecture Board), 35, 56 IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority),

35–36, 56

IBM host gateway, 233

ICA (Independent Computing Architecture) client, 335, 346

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers), 35–36, 56, 506

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol), 146, 185 ICS host, 496, 519

Index 839

ICS (Internet Connection Sharing), 496–497, 518 Identification field, 144–145

IEEE 802.11 Internet access, 321–323 IEEE 802.11i security protocol, 653

IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) Internet access, 323 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers), 34, 51–52, 56 IEEE 1394 standard, 200

IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), 35, 56, 491 ifconfig utility, 186, 429, 510–511, 519

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol), 146, 185

IHL (Internet Header Length), 143, 143–144 IKE (Internet Key Exchange), 644, 659 iManager tool, 460, 468–469, 477

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), 500–501, 519

IMAP4 (Internet Message Protocol, version 4), 519 impedance, 127

implementing and managing networks, 667–704 hardware and physical plant changes, 692–697

adding or upgrading equipment, 693–695 backbone upgrades, 696–697

cabling upgrades, 695–696 reversing hardware changes, 697

network management, 678–684 asset management, 683–684

obtaining baseline measurements, 678–680 performance and fault management, 680–683

project management, 668–778 assessing needs, 671–672 determining project feasibility, 670 project planning, 673

setting project goals, 672–673 testing and evaluation, 677–678

software changes, 684–692 client upgrades, 687–688

network operating system upgrades, 689–691 patches, 685–687

reversing software upgrade, 691–692 shared application upgrades, 688

Incident Report Form, 745 incremental backup, 599, 608

Independent Computing Architecture (ICA) client, 335, 346

Internet Architecture Board (IAB), 35, 56 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA),

35–36, 56

Internet Connection Sharing (ICS), 496–497, 518 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), 146, 185 Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and

Numbers (ICANN), 35–36, 56, 506

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), 35, 56, 491 Internet gateways, 233, 493–494, 538

Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), 146, 185

Internet Header Length (IHL), 143, 143–144 Internet Key Exchange (IKE), 644, 659

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), 500–501, 519

Internet Message Protocol, version 4 (IMAP4), 519 Internet Protocol address. See IP address

Internet Protocol Security (IPSec), 644, 659 Internet Relay Chat (IRC), 571, 608 Internet Service Provider (ISP), 35–36, 57 Internet Society (ISOC), 35, 57

Internet telephony, 515, 519 internetwork, 142, 185

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), 175, 186 Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet

Exchange (IPX/SPX), 175–176, 186 internetworking, network operating systems (NOS),

402–403 interoperability, 402

interrupt request (IRQ), 209–211, 240 interviewing users, 671–672 intranets, 497

definition, 519 security policies, 498

for TCP/IP-based networks, 497–498 intraNetWare, 452, 477

IP address (Internet Protocol address), 35, 43, 56, 142–146, 148

assigning, 152–158 classful addressing, 483 definition of, 56 dynamic, 184

making transparent for mobile users, 154 reducing potential errors in assigning, 154

reducing time and planning on management of, 154 static IP address, 153, 188

Index 841

IP datagram, 142, 185

IP phone. See IP telephones IP spoofing, 621, 659

IP telephones, 512, 519

IP telephony. See Voice over IP IP version 4 (IPv4), 142, 186

IP version 4 Link Local (IPv4LL), 169, 185 IP version 6 (IPv6), 149, 149–150, 186

addressing in, 160–161 definition of, 186

ipconfig utility, 150–151, 186, 508–509 IPng. See IPv6 (IP version 6) IP-PBX, 512, 519

IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), 644, 659 IPv4 (IP version 4), 142, 186

IPv4LL (IP version 4 Link Local), 169, 185 IPv6 (IP version 6), 149, 149–150, 186

addressing in, 160–161 definition of, 186

IPX address, 186

IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange), 175, 186 IPX/SPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced

Packet Exchange), 175–176, 186 IRC (Internet Relay Chat), 571, 608

IrDA (Infrared Data Association), 278, 285 IR (infrared), 127, 277–280

IRQ (interrupt request), 209–211, 240

ISA (Industry Standard Architecture), 196, 240 ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network),

302–305, 305–307, 346 ISOC (Internet Society), 35, 57

ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 34, 57

ISP (Internet Service Provider), 35–36, 57 IT Department, 530

ITU (International Telecommunication Union), 34, 57, 109

J

J1 standard, 346

J3 standard, 346 jabber, 553, 561 jamming, 259–260, 285