|
10 |
|
|
3. “I guess you are right,” she said. |
She had to admit that her friend |
|
was right. |
4. “Surely it’s all a mistake”, says |
He insists that it is all a mistake. |
he. |
|
5. “Honestly I have no idea why he |
She swore that she had no idea why |
has come”, she said. |
he had come. |
6. “I expect you have been working |
The doctor thinks that I have been |
too much”, says the doctor. |
working too much. |
7. “I’ll stay if you want me to”, he |
He promised that he would stay if I |
said. |
wanted him to. |
8. “He is a very nice person”, said |
He assured us that his friend was a |
he. |
very nice person. |
9. “Look, you’ve missed out the |
The teacher pointed out that the |
inverted commas”, said the teacher. |
pupil had missed out the inverted |
|
commas. |
REPORTED QUESTIONS
In reported questions, we do not use the auxiliary verbs (do, does or did). The word order is the same as in statements and we do not use a question mark.
Speaker’s words |
Reported question |
“What are you doing?” |
The policeman asked the men what |
|
they were doing. |
“How is your brother?” |
She asked me how my brother was. |
“What do you want?” |
I asked her what she wanted. |
“Where does he live?” |
They aked where he lived. |
“Why did you say that?” |
He asked why I had said that. |
When there is no question word, we can use “if” or “whether” to introduce a reported question.
Speaker’s words |
Reported question |
“Are you cold?” |
I asked if he was cold. |
“Do you want a drink?” |
She asked if I wanted a drink. |
“Can you speak German?” |
They wanted to know whether I |
|
could speak German. |
I asked Ken, “Are you hungry?” |
I asked Ken if he was hungry. |
Besides “ask” we also use |
the following verbs; to inquire |
(спрашивать), to wonder (интересоваться), to want to know (хотеть знать), to try to find out (выяснить)
Speaker’s words |
Reported question |
“Where is the salt?” said Father. |
Father asked where the salt was. |
“Is this yours or John’s?” she says. |
She inquires if this is mine or |
|
John’s. |
|
11 |
|
|
|
|
“What do I do next?” he said |
|
He wondered what he should do next. |
“What topic did Professor |
Brown |
She wanted to know what topic Prof. |
bring up?” she asked. |
|
Brown had brought up. |
“Has there been an accident?” |
|
She tried to find out whether there had |
|
|
been an accident. |
REPORTED REQUESTS AND COMMANDS
An order or a request in indirect speech is expressed by an infinitive. The verb “to say” in reported speech is replaced by “to tell” or “to ask”.
She said to him, “Open the window |
She told ( asked) him to open the |
(do not open the window)”. |
window (not to open the window). |
Other verbs, used to express reported requests and commands: to order (
приказывать), to beg (просить, умолять), to request (просить), to ask permission (просить разрешения), to entreat (упрашивать), to urge (понуждать, убеждать), to demand (требовать), to warn (предупреждать), to refuse (отказывать), to forbid (запрещать).
“Will you pass me your plate, |
She asked me to pass her my plate. |
please”, she said. |
|
Could you please be quiet for a |
She begged them to be quiet for a |
moment”, she said. |
moment. |
Could you send me a copy of your |
He requested me to send him a |
book, please”, he said. |
copy of my book. |
“Do play for us”, they said. |
They urged her to play for them. |
“All the students should be |
The medical authorities demanded |
inoculated” the medical authorities |
that all the students should be |
said. |
inoculated. |
“Don’t go near the lake”, she said. |
She forbade them to go near the |
|
lake. |
REPORTED EXCLAMATIONS
Exclamations are converted into indirect speech by the following verbs: to remark (заметить), to greet (приветствовать), to cry out (вскричать), to say with a sigh (сказать со вздохом), to regret (сожалеть), to be surprised (быть