- •Foreword
- •Cerebrum: Medial Views
- •Cerebrum: Inferior View
- •Basal Nuclei (Ganglia)
- •Thalamus
- •Cerebellum
- •Brainstem
- •Fourth Ventricle and Cerebellum
- •Accessory Nerve (XI): Schema
- •Arteries to Brain and Meninges
- •Arteries to Brain: Schema
- •Arteries of Brain: Inferior Views
- •Cerebral Arterial Circle (Willis)
- •Arteries of Brain: Frontal View and Section
- •Arteries of Brain: Lateral and Medial Views
- •Arteries of Posterior Cranial Fossa
- •Veins of Posterior Cranial Fossa
- •Deep Veins of Brain
- •Subependymal Veins of Brain
- •Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
- •Arteries and Veins of Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
- •Relation of Spinal Nerve Roots to Vertebrae
- •Autonomic Nervous System: General Topography
- •Spinal Nerve Origin: Cross Sections
- •Olfactory Nerve (I): Schema
- •Optic Nerve (II) (Visual Pathway): Schema
- •Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV) and Abducent (VI) Nerves: Schema
- •Trigeminal Nerve (V): Schema
- •Facial Nerve (VII): Schema
- •Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII): Schema
- •Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX): Schema
- •Vagus Nerve (X): Schema
- •Accessory Nerve (XI): Schema
- •Hypoglossal Nerve (XII): Schema
- •Nerves of Heart
- •Autonomic Nerves and Ganglia of Abdomen
- •Nerves of Stomach and Duodenum
- •Nerves of Stomach and Duodenum (continued)
- •Nerves of Small Intestine
- •Nerves of Large Intestine
- •Nerves of Kidneys, Ureters and Urinary Bladder
- •Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Male
- •Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Female
- •Median Nerve
- •Ulnar Nerve
- •Radial Nerve in Arm and Nerves of Posterior Shoulder
- •Radial Nerve in Forearm
- •Sciatic Nerve and Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh
- •Tibial Nerve
- •Common Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve
- •Organization of the Brain: Cerebrum
- •Organization of the Brain: Cell Types
- •Blood-Brain Barrier
- •Synaptic Transmission: Morphology of Synapses
- •Synaptic Transmission: Neuromuscular Junction
- •Synaptic Transmission: Visceral Efferent Endings
- •Synaptic Transmission: Inhibitory Mechanisms
- •Synaptic Transmission: Chemical Synaptic Transmission
- •Synaptic Transmission: Temporal and Spatial Summation
- •Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Brain Ventricles and CSF Composition
- •Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Circulation of CSF
- •Spinal Cord: Ventral Rami
- •Spinal Cord: Membranes and Nerve Roots
- •Peripheral Nervous System
- •Autonomic Nervous System: Schema
- •Autonomic Nervous System: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses
- •Hypothalamus
- •Limbic System
- •The Cerebral Cortex
- •Descending Motor Pathways
- •Cerebellum: Afferent Pathways
- •Cerebellum: Efferent Pathways
- •Cutaneous Sensory Receptors
- •Cutaneous Receptors: Pacinian Corpuscle
- •Sensory Pathways: I
- •Sensory Pathways: II
- •Sensory Pathways: III
- •Visual System: Receptors
- •Visual System: Visual Pathway
- •Auditory System: Cochlea
- •Auditory System: Pathways
- •Vestibular System: Receptors
- •Vestibular System: Vestibulospinal Tracts
- •Gustatory (Taste) System: Receptors
- •Gustatory (Taste) System: Pathways
- •Olfactory System: Receptors
- •Olfactory System: Pathway
- •Installing Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY |
Olfactory System: Pathway |
Efferent fibers
Afferent fibers
Granule cell (excited by and inhibiting to mitral and tufted cells)
Mitral cell
Recurrent process
Tufted cell
Periglomerular cell
Glomerulus
Olfactory nerve fibers
Olfactory epithelium |
Olfactory tract |
Olfactory nerves |
Anterior olfactory nucleus |
Olfactory bulb |
Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone |
FIGURE 2.41 OLFACTORY PATHWAY•
Fibers from contralateral olfactory bulb
Fibers to contralateral olfactory bulb
Anterior commissure
Medial olfactory stria
Olfactory trigone and olfactory tubercle
Anterior perforated substance
Lateral olfactory stria
Lateral olfactory tract nucleus
Piriform lobe
Uncus
Amygdala (in phantom)
Entorhinal area
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Olfactory stimuli are detected by the nerve fibers of the olfactory epithelium and conveyed to the olfactory bulb (detailed local circuitry shown in upper left panel). Integrated signals pass along the olfactory tract and centrally diverge to pass to the anterior commis-
sure (some efferent projections course to the contralateral olfactory bulb, blue lines) or terminate in the ipsilateral olfactory trigone (olfactory tubercle). Axons then project to the primary olfactory cortex (piriform cortex), entorhinal cortex, and amygdala.
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