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The democratic, or participative, leader consults with subordinates on proposed actions and decisions and encourages participation from them.

This type of leader is seen as ranging from the person who does not take action without subordinates’ concurrence to the one who makes decisions but consults with subordinates before doing so.

The third type of leader uses his or her power very little, if at all, giving subordinates a high degree of independence, or free rein, in their operations.

Such leaders depend largely on subordinates to set their own goals and the means of achieving them, and they see their role as one of aiding the operations of followers by giving them the necessary information and acting primarily as a contact with the group’s external environment.

VI. Work in 3 groups: the 1st group consists of autocratic leaders, the 2nd one consists of democratic leaders and the 3rd group – of free-rein leaders. Work out your code of ethics of one and the same organization (e.g. KAMAZ) taking into consideration your leadership style. Discuss the results.

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PART III

WORKBOOK

1.Fill in the missing word.

2.The students of the Economical Engineering Faculty are … in five qualifications.

3.The students of the faculty study a lot of … subjects.

4.Effective management is the … to business success.

5.Marketing includes … .

6.In the sphere of operations management no work can be done without … what management is.

2. What word is unsuitable? Use the information from the text.

-motor, water, sea, air, railway, pipeline

-commercial, international, domestic; certified; nonscheduled, scheduled; pooled

-contracts, agreements, supplies, screens

-installing, selling, servicing; repairing, instructing.

3. Different people can do different things. Say what you can or cannot do

from the following list? Use the model.

Model: to solve problems

I am (not) good at solving problems.

To study languages; to design a product; to define words; to transport goods; to make decisions; to create products; to perform difficult tasks.

4.Write out all the Verbals into 3 groups: 1) the Verbal is used as a part of

the Predicate; 2) it shows a mode of action; 3) it describes a thing.

As far as Operations Management is concerned, it is evident that no work in this sphere can be done without knowing what management is. There is no single concept of management, that’s why “management” has many definitions. In practical business, management can be defined as the art and science of directing people with the aim of getting things done through their efforts. The students of this speciality study not only management in general but operations management which can be defined as the total set of managerial activities used by an organization to transform resource inputs into products and services.

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5. Look at the words derived from the given infinitives. Some of these

derivatives are used for describing things, others are used for showing a mode of action, and others are used for showing a result. How these differences are represented in the English language? Give the translation of the words.

Model: обучать – обученный – обучающий to train (Infinitive, Simple, Active) – trained (Participle II) –

training (Participle I, Simple, Active).

Слушать – слушая – услышанный; выполнять – выполнение – выполнив;

исследовать – исследуя – исследованный – исследовав; определить – определение – после того, как определили; перевозить – перевозя – перевезенный;

преобразовывать – будучи преобразованным – после того, как преобразовали.

6. Think of four important events in your student life and make notes.

Show your partner the information and let him ask questions. Represent the completed task in a form of a dialogue.

Model: 2003, entering the Siberian Automobile and Highway Academy.

-Did you enter the Siberian Automobile and Highway Academy in 2003?

-Yes, I did.

7. You are in a bad mood. Give short answers to the questions. Mind the

intonation.Threeexamplesaredoneforyou.

Model: Isthearticleinteresting?– Yes,itis.

Doyouknowabouttheconference?– Yes,Ido. Hashepassedhisexams?–No,hehasnot.

Are you a student? Do you study at the Automobile Transport Faculty? Will you be a manager? Do you study specialized subjects? Has your group been to any other academy? Will you have practice next year? Are foreign languages difficult to study? Is your study free of charge? Did you go to the conference last week? Have you done your homework for today? Is it interesting for you to studyat the Academy? Does you friend like studying?

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8. Write sentences giving advice on how to do the following things to get

the best results.

Model: to pass exams

You should attend all the lectures, fulfill lab works to pass exams well.

To get scholarship; to become a competent manager (machine engineer); to monitor the production plan regularly; to manage a company; to speed up the production.

9.Canyoucompletethefollowingstatements?

1.Organizational structure concerns…

2.Depending on their size and needs…

3.The most recognizable set up is called …

4.More and more companies are organizing themselves …

5.The matrix structure organizes a business…

6.Delayering is a process in which …

7.Larger companies can be split up …

10.SelectfromtheRussianequivalentsthe rightone.

b)according – соответствующий, соответственно, соответствие;

c)established – учреждать, учреждающий, учрежденный;

d)organizational – организация, организационный, организующий;

e)decision-making – решающий принять, принятие решения, принимающий решение;

f)variety – различный, разнообразие, изменчивый;

g)effect – влияние, влиятельный, аффект.

11.What expressions can be translated in two ways? Prove your answer.

What does it depend on?

The established companies; depending on their size and needs; constantly evolving business environment; to be improved; the demanding market; a project developed by NASA; led by project leaders; while working closely with the designers.

12. To use the following statements in technical literature we have to emphasize the result rather than the performer of an action. Try to do it using the Passive Voice.

1.He will describe the organizational structure of the company by tomorrow afternoon.

2.We call such a structure a functional one.

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3.The company has organized their business into project teams.

4.The need to reduce costs is driving delayering.

5.Without a huge bureaucratic infrastructure people can reach the company’s objectives more quickly.

13. Express your opinion on the following items. You may use any

beginning you like.

Model: The functional organizational structure is the best one.

Personally I believe (I am inclined to believe that, It seems to me that) the functional structure is the best one because it has clear lines of communication from top to bottom.

1.The functional organizational structure is bureaucratic.

2.The product is improved when the company is organized along product lines.

3.The matrix structure is the most effective one.

4.Their business is cost-conscious.

5.Microsoft maintains a competitive edge.

14.Contradict the statements below and give your variants.

Model: The Chief Executive Officer plays not so important role in the planning process as the Board of Directors does.

- Oh, no! The Chief Executive Officer is known to play a major role in the planning process.

1.A personnel manager supervises customers.

2.Managing is an irresponsible and easy job.

3.The most important qualities for a manager are general education, conservatism, looking important, and shyness.

4.Marketing managers are responsible for accountants, wages, and insurance.

5.Sales Managers report to Sales Representatives.

15.Your dog has torn your questionnaire. You have to collect all the pieces and add some missing words.

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3.General Managers are born.

4.Women can be better managers than men.

5.Every manager must learn from his mistakes.

20. Work in pairs. Match the English word combinations with their Russian equivalents. Ask each other the translation from English into Russian and vice versa. Find these expressions in the text.

A) Share of market; to satisfy the needs; to meet the requirements; to obtain customer’s patronage; to accomplish objectives; impose limits; to compete for the attention of the customers.

В) Удовлетворять требованиям; доля на рынке; налагать ограничения; удовлетворять потребности; достигать цели; завоевывать приверженность покупателей; бороться за внимание покупателей.

21. In order to read some additional information about marketing put the verbs into the correct verb form. Give examples to confirm the statements.

1.A market commonly (to think of) as a place where commodities (to buy and to sell).

2.Even if dealings (to restrict) to a particular place, the dealers may consist wholly or in part of agents acting on instructions from client far away.

3.If a product (to need), it will (to sell).

4.Marketing is the term that (to give) to all the different activities intended to make and attract a profitable demand for a product.

5.Marketing decision-making can (to improve) via a combination of experience and academic discipline.

22. You are an Advertising manager. How do you feel (like, adore, hate,

can’t stand, detest) about these activities?

Model: to create images

I adore creating images.

To create advertising cartoons; to use sound effects; to pack products; to research market; to taste advertising products; to write articles for local newspapers; to give interviews; to receive advice.

23.Correct your interlocutor and try to confirm your answer.

Model: Is he speaking with the boss?

- No, he never talks to the boss. He is afraid of him.

Is he explaining the work to him? Is he making up an advertisement? Is she studying product demand? Is he helping him with the work? Is she writing a

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letter of complaint? Are they watching advertising cartoons? Is she placing beer next to baby’s nappies? Are they pumping the smell of fresh bread into their air conditioning system to deceive their customers?

24. Match the English word combinations with their Russian equivalents. Find them in the text, and then compose your own sentences.

A)To be aware of; job security; likely; to result in; to give somebody authority; to run.

B)Приводить к; отдавать себе полный отчет в; вероятно; уполномочивать кого-то; обеспеченность работой; руководить.

25. You are a human resources manager. Your Managing director is not

satisfied with your work. Try to console yourself using the phrases below.

Model: My workers are paid handsome salary.

Safe working conditions; give an opportunity to learn; give authority in decision making; give a chance to rotate positions; give first-class accommodation; pay fare expenses.

26. Your CEO reproached you for failing to do some work. Explain him

that you have done everything.

Model: - Last week I asked you to arrange a meeting! I would like to know the results.

-I have already arranged the meeting. Here is a report.

1.I asked you to raise salaries!

2.What can you say about training courses?

3.Ivanov and Petrov should be given new flats!

4.Why haven’t I seen new advertisements in our newspaper?!

5.Is it possible to build a kindergarten for our employees’ children?

27. Respond to the following statements reproduced by your partner

choosing one of the phrases on the right and adding a sentence to explain why you think so.

Model: Shell selects people according to their communication skills.

I wouldn’t say so. I know Shell to select its employees according to mobility and language capability.

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28. Find the English equivalents of the words below. Then working in pairs, think of a word, explain its meaning in English to your partner and let him guess the word.

Управление производством; сырье; определять; производитель с низкими издержками производства; предсказывать; установленный срок; заданный; приобретение; розничный рынок сбыта; выполнение; сфера услуг.

29. What things can you describe using the derivatives from the following

nouns and verbs? The first example is done for you.

Technology – technological choice, technological process, technological changes

Technology; to differ; base; strategy; to compete; industry; organization; specify; to product; service; finance.

30. Find the English equivalents of the words below. Then working in pairs, think of a word, explain its meaning in English to your partner and let him guess the word.

Разделение труда; потерянное время; инструменты; взаимозаменяемый; конвейер; оправданный; гонка (на производстве).

31.Complete the sentences.

1.The history of operations management can be organized…

2.The division of labour is based on…

3.The idea of standardized parts is by now so ingrained in our society that…

4.The industrial revolution was…

5.The principles of scientific management can…

6.Job enrichment is now recognized as…

7.Decision models can help…

8.The use of computers has changed…

32. You will read some information concerning the division of labour. Open the brackets and list the advantages and disadvantages of job specialization.

Job specialization (to believe) to provide four benefits to organizations. First, individual dexterity (to presume) to increase. If a worker has to learn only a small, simple task, he or she will probably become very proficient at that task.

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Second, transfer time between tasks (to expect) to decrease. If an employee is performing several different tasks, it stands to reason that some time (to be lost) as the worker stops (to do) the first task and starts (to do) the next. Third, the more narrowly defined a particular task is, the easier it may be (to develop) specialized machinery and equipment to assist with that task. Fourth, job specialization (to reduce) training costs. When an employee who performs a highly specialized task is absent or resigns, the manager should be able to train someone new at relatively low cost.

On the other side of the coin, job specialization can (to have) negative consequences. The foremost criticism is that workers who perform highly specialized jobs are likely (to become) bored and dissatisfied. The job may be so specialized that it offers no challenge or stimulation. Boredom and monotony set in; absenteeism rises; and the quality of the work may (to suffer). Furthermore, the anticipated benefits of specialization do not always occur. Thus, although some degree of job specialization is necessary, it should not (to carry) to extremes because of the negative consequences that could result. Managers should be sensitive to situations where extreme specialization should (to avoid).

33. Compare the English and the Russian sentences. Are they equivalent to

34. Match the English word combinations with their Russian equivalents

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