Abbey

An abbey church is one that is, or was in the past, the church of a monastic order. Likewise a friary church is the church of an order of friars. These orders include Benedictines, Cistercians, Augustinians, Franciscans, Dominicans, Jesuits and many more. Many churches of abbey foundation, are or previously were, part of a monastic complex that includes dormitories, refectory, cloisters, library, chapter house and other such buildings.

In many parts of the world, abbey churches frequently served the local community as well as the monastic community. In regions such as England where the monastic communities were dissolved, the abbey churches, where located in a town, have continued to serve as a parish church. In many areas of Asia and South America, the abbeys are the earliest established churches, with the monastic communities acting initially as missionariesИto the local people. Well-known abbey churches include Santa Maria della Grazie in Milan, Italy; Westminster Abbey and Beverley MinsterДin England, the Abbaye aux Hommes and Abbey of St. Denis in France, Melk Abbey in Austria, Great Lavra on Mt Athos in Greece and Malate Church in Manila, Philippines.

Задание 1. Переведите словаАи словосочетания, учитывая их контекстуальное окружениеб: friary church, dormitories, dissolved.

Задание 2. Дайтеиопределение понятию abbey по схеме, предложенной во введен . Используйте следующие модели:

The conceptСof …can be determined as…

The notion under review covers such points as...

The notion “…” covers such points as… The notion “…” contains such ones as…

Задание 3. Разделите текст на смысловые части и озаглавьте каждую.

Задание 4. Постройте развернутый план текста, отразив в нем ключевую информацию.

Задание 5. Определите, какие модели аннотирования применимы к следующей информации: These orders include Benedictines, Cistercians, Augustinians, Franciscans, Dominicans:

A bit later the author stresses…

Then the author devotes some attention to…

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The author stipulates that…

The author starts by telling the reader about…

Задание 6. Продолжите предложения:

-An abbey church is…

-Many churches of abbey foundation, are or previously were, part of a monastic complex that includes…

-In many parts of the world…

Задание 7. Опишите, какие объекты архитектуры вы видите на рис.

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Belfry

The belfry is a structure enclosing bells for ringing as part of building, usually as part of a bell tower or steeple. It can also refer to the entire tower or building, particularly in continental Europe for such a tower attached to a city hall or other civic building.

A belfry encloses the bell chamber, the room in which the bells are housed; its walls are pierced by openings which allow the sound to escape. The openings may be left uncovered but are commonly filled with louvers to prevent rain and snow from entering. There may be a separate room below the bell chamber to house the ringers.

chamber to house the ringers: The author points out that...

A bit later the author devotes some attention to… The author concentrates on…

At the beginning of the text the author dwells on…

Задание 4. Продолжите предложения:

-The belfry is…

-It can also refer…

-The openings may be left…

Задание 5. Заполните пустые графы таблицы.

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Колокольня – башня с открытым ярусом

для колоколов. Ставилась рядом с храмом или включалась в его композицию

Задание 6. Опишите, какие объекты архитектуры вы видите на рис.

Рис. 14

Chapel

A chapel is a religious place of fellowship, prayer and worship – most often associated with interfaith worship services. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, synagogue, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds.

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Many military installations have chapels for the use of military personnel, normally under the leadership of a military chaplain. Until the Protestant Reformation, a chapel denoted a place of worship that was either at a secondary location that was not the main responsibility of the local parish priest, or that belonged to a person or institution. Most larger churches had one or more secondary altars, which if they occupied a distinct space, would often be called a chapel. Although chapels frequently refer to Christian places of worship, they are also commonly found in Jewish synagogues and do not necessarily connote a specific denomination. Non-denominational chapels are commonly encountered as part of a non-religious institution such as a hospital, airport, university, prison or military installation. In England, where the Church of England is established by law, nondenominational or inter-faith chapels in such institutions may nonetheless be consecrated by the local Anglican bishop.

Задание 1. Переведите слова и словосочетанияИ: fellowship, worship, interfaith, chaplain, connote, inter-faith chapels,Дnonetheless.

Задание 2. Дайте определение понятию chapel по схеме, предложенной во введении. ИспользуйтеАследующие модели:

The concept of …can be determined as…

The notion under reviewбcovers such points as...

The notion “…” covers such points as… The notion “…” containsиsuch ones as…

Задание 3.СОпредел те, какие модели аннотирования применимы к следующей информац : Most larger churches had one or more secondary altars, which if they occupied a distinct space, would often be called a chapel:

On the whole, possible to say that…

The paper suggests approaches to understanding...

The author starts with a brief account of...

In addition to his analyses, results the author tells us about…..

Задание 4. Продолжите предложения:

-Although chapels frequently refer…

-A chapel is…

-Many military installations have…

Задание 5. Заполните пустую графу таблицы.

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Задание 6. Опишите, какие объекты архитектуры вы видите на рис.

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