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  1. Match the words from the text with their corresponding definitions and translate them into Russian. Use these words in your sentences.

1. censorship a) (n.) a particular type of art, writing, music etc, which has certain features that all examples of this type share;

2. puppet b) (n.) the person who gives instructions to the actors and other people working on a film or play;

3. genre c) (n.) a very impressive show or scene;

4. spectacle d) (n.) the place or time where the events in a book, film etc happen;

5. epic e) (n.) a model of a person or animal that you move by pulling wires or strings, or by putting your hand inside it;

6. setting f) (n.) the process of removing parts of books, films etc that are considered unsuitable for moral, religious, or political reasons;

7. director g) (n.) film that tells a long story about brave actions and exciting events.

II. Match the words on the left and on the right to make expressions. Find them in the text. Translate them.

artistic adaptation

domestic film

literary medium

dominant costumes

authentic capacities

feature production

seating theme

III. Complete each sentence by choosing the best word for each gap.

  1. Production companies began to deflect from the war reality by focusing on melodramas and by [featuring / adapting] literature.

  2. Russian audiences preferred seeing images [filmed / done] in foreign countries instead of seeing their own culture.

  3. Drankov possessed enormous skills as a businessman and had a good understanding of the [entertainment / attraction] business and marketing.

  4. [A range of / An amount of] famous directors made highly successful adaptations of the classics.

  5. A [documentary / feature film] is a full-length film that has a story and is acted by professional actors, and which is usually shown in a cinema.

  6. The changing position of women in society, and society’s attitude towards women, is perhaps one of the most significant [themes / roles] in early Russian cinema.

  7. This large-scale historical epic [shows / lasts] more than three hours.

IV. Complete each sentence by using (typing in the gap) the correct form of the verb given in capitals.

  1. By 1915 Khanzhonkov _______ DEVELOP his studio into one of the leading ventures in pre-Revolutionary Russia.

  2. The role of Hermann _______ PLAY by Mozzhukhin – by 1916 the leading star of Russian cinema.

  3. In the tradition of Russian theatre early cinema ______ BEGIN to rely heavily on psychology and motivation for action.

  4. Early films ______ SHOW in booths at fairs and exhibitions rather than in stationary venues.

  5. Generally in adapting literature, filmmakers ______ INSPIRE by poems of themes from the classics.

  6. Stationary cinemas became more widespread, thus _______ ATTRACT also a different audience: the urban middle class and bourgeoisie.

  7. Russian cinema _______ GROW both as an art and as an industry when the First World War struck.