- •Give example and explain of shape of research article or thesis.
- •Give a definition of introduction section in a research article or thesis.
- •3. Explain how to write an opening sentence which enables you and your reader to “get in” or start your paper/thesis.
- •4. Explain how to use signaling sentence connectors in a research article or thesis?
- •5. Give examples of signaling sentence connectors and research article or thesis?
- •6. Give example and explain paragraphing in the research article or thesis?
- •7. Explain why it is important to build a model for writing introduction section.
- •9. Show four basic components of introduction model and explain them.
- •10. Give example and explain grammar pairs used in introduction section of a research article or thesis.
- •11. Indicate words/phrases which appear frequently in introduction section of a research article or thesis.
- •13. Give example and explain words/phrases which using to present previous and/or current research contributions in the Introduction section.
- •14. Give example and explain words/phrases which establishing gap/problem/question/prediction in introduction section?
- •16. Give a definition of methodology section a research article or thesis.
- •17. Explain how to make sure that your own contribution is clear easy to identify in methodology section in a research article or thesis.
- •18. Explain why it is important to build a model for writing methodology section.
- •19. Give example and explain the model of methodology section.
- •20. Show four basic component of methodology section.
- •21. Give example and explain words/phrases which provide a general introduction and overview of the materials/methods and give the sourse of materials/equipment used in methodology.
- •23. Give example and explain words/phrases which provide specific and precise details about materials in methodology section.
- •24. Give example and explain words/phrases which justify choices made in methodology section?
- •26. Give example and explain words or phrase used in methodology section which relate materials or methods to other studies
- •27. Give explain and explain words/ phrases which indicate where problems occurred in methodology section.
- •28. Give a definition of result section of a research article of thesis.
- •29. Give example and explain words/ phrases which communicate sequence in results section.
- •30. Give example and explain words/phrases which communicate frequency in results section.
- •31. Give example and explain words/phrases which communicate quantity in results section.
- •32. Give example and explain words/phrases which communicate sequence in results section.
- •33. Give example and explain words/phrases which communicate causality in results section.
- •34. Explain why it is important to build a model for writing results section.
- •35.Give example and explain words/phrases used in methodology section which indicate that appropriate care was taken.
- •36. Show four basic components of results model and explain them.
- •37. Show the two ways which provide a smooth transition for the reader between the new (sub)section and the previous one.
- •38. Give example and explain words/phrases which revisiting the research aim/existing research and general overview of results.
- •39. Give example and explain words/phrases which invite to view results and show specific/key results in detail.
- •40. Give example and explain words/phrases which show comparisons with results in other research
- •41. Give example and explain words/phrases which indicate problems with results and show possible implications of results.
- •42. Give a definition of discussion/conclusion section in a research article or thesis.
- •43. Explain why it is important to build a model for writing discussion/conclusion section.
- •44. Give example and explain the model of discussion/conclusion section
- •45. Show four basic components of discussion/conclusion model and explain them
- •46. Give example and explain modal verbs used in discussion/conclusion which show ability/capability and possibility/options.
- •47. Give example and explain modal verbs used in discussion/conclusion which show probability/belief/expectation and virtual certainty.
- •48. Give example and explain modal verbs used in discussion/conclusion which show advice/opinion and necessity/obligation
- •49. Give example and explain words/phrases which mapping (relationship to existing research) in discussion/conclusion section.
- •50. Give example and explain words/phrases which show achievement/contribution in discussion/conclusion section.
- •51. Give example and explain words/phrases which indicate problems with results and show possible implications of results.
- •52. Give example and explain words/phrases which show application/applicability/implementation in discussion/conclusion section.
- •53. Give a definition of abstract in a research article.
- •54.Give example and explain the model of discussion/conclusion section.
- •55. Explain how to create title of research paper and give examples.
- •60. Evaluate scientific ethics in research activity.
- •Give a definition of introduction section in a research article or thesis.
- •Evaluate scientific ethics in research activity.
42. Give a definition of discussion/conclusion section in a research article or thesis.
The title of this subsection varies from journal to journal. As noted in Unit 3, some journals end with a subsection titled Discussion, some end with a subsection titled Results and Discussion and others end with a subsection titled Conclusions. In the first two cases the elements which need to be included in the Discussion are similar. Where there is a Conclusions section, it is short, usually comprising one or two paragraphs focusing on specific aspects of the Discussion. The graphic representation at the beginning of each unit is symmetrical because many of the elements of the Introduction occur again in the Discussion/Conclusion in (approximately) reverse order. The Introduction moves from a general, broad focus to the narrower ‘report’ section of the paper, and the Discussion/Conclusion moves away from that narrow section to a wider, more general focus. The Discussion looks back at the points made in the Introduction on the basis of the information in the central report section. In the Introduction, we wrote about the work of other researchers creating a kind of research map for our readers so that they could see what type of work existed in this field, in the Discussion/Conclusion we locate our study in relation to that research map. We then went on in the Introduction to locate a gap in the research or describe a problem associated with existing research, in the Discussion/Conclusion, we are expected to say to what extent we have responded to that gap or solved that problem. At the end of the Introduction we wrote about the present paper, creating an interface with the content of our own work so that we could move the reader on to the central report section of your paper, in the Discussion/Conclusion, as we will see, it is common to begin by revisiting some aspect of our work, so as to create that interface in reverse an enable you to move away from the central report section.
So as we can see, when we come to ask our three questions:
How do I start the Discussion/Conclusion section? What type of sentence should I begin with?
What type of information should be in this section, and in what order?
How do I end this section?
Although you may think that you have no idea of how to write the Discussion/Conclusion, we actually know a lot about what to include and in what order.
43. Explain why it is important to build a model for writing discussion/conclusion section.
Some magazines end subsection titled Discussion, some end subsection entitled Results and discussion with other finish subsection titled Conclusions. In the first two cases, the elements to be which will be included in the discussion of the same. Where there are conclusions section short, usually containing one or two point focus on
specific aspects of the discussion. The graphical representation at the beginning of each block is symmetrical
because many of the elements in the introduction occur again Discussion / conclusion in (approximately) the reverse order. Introduction. It is moving from the general, broad attention to "narrow Report" from paper and discussion / conclusion departs from the narrow section for a broader, more general orientation. Talk looks at issues raised in the introduction on the basis of information contained in the central section of the report.
First, write a brief description of what the author makes every sentence in the space below. Once you have tried to create its own model, you can use the key to help you to write this section research paper, when you eventually make it on your own. If you can not think of a good Description of the first sentence, to choose a lighter, fand start with this. Remember that your model is only useful if it can be transferred to other discussions / conclusions not to include content words such as the stressor, you may not be able to use the model to create Discussion / conclusions in its own field. Remember that one of the ways to find out what the author does in the verdict, not what he / she says, to imagine it, your computer accidentally deleted it. As I mentioned in the previous sections, yet another way to find out what writer does in a sentence - not what he / she says - is to look grammar and vocabulary hints. Do not expect to make a perfect model. You change your model when you look at the key, and perhaps again when you compare it with the path Forums Discussion / Conclusion of work in your targeted articles.
