- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •Put each verb in brackets into the passive in an appropriate tense.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Translate the words paying attention to their meaning: means, to mean, by means of, by no means, by all means.
- •V.Translate the sentences.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Put each word in brackets in appropriate degrees of comparison.
- •VII. Fill in the gaps with “who, whom, whose, what, which”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the following word combinations.
- •IV.Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions given below.
- •V. Find the synonyms of the following words in the text.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Arrange the jumbled words into the right order.
- •V. Translate the word combinations.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Sequence of Tenses.
- •Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Match the words with their definitions.
- •V. Fill in the gaps with “much” or “many”.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle II.
- •Market research
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with “little, a little, few, a few”.
- •V. Read the following numerals.
- •VI. Translate sentences with the word “one”.
- •VII. Translate sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Give the Russian equivalents to the international words.
- •IV. Write down the Russian equivalents.
- •Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the vocabulary of the text.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the words “some” and “the same”.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with proper prepositions: of, by, with, in, from, to, upon, through.
- •Fill in the gaps with “some, any, no”.
- •VI. Translate sentences paying attention to the word “earn”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Open the brackets and put the verbs in proper form.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the construction “to be going to”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions: to, without, for, in, at, from, with
- •Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund.
- •VII. Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Find in the text synonyms for the following words.
- •V.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Give the English equivalents for the following.
- •VII.Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •Find in the text the English equivalents for the following phrases.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Read and translate the sentences with the verb “wonder”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •IV. Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •V.Write the following dates in English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the word combinations.
- •IV.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Write and read the following numerals in English.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Infinitive.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX.Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Innovation
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV.Translate the conditional sentences.
- •V. Chose the correct active or passive form of the verb.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III.Choose the antonyms of the following words.
- •IV.Translate into English.
- •V.Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences.
- •Transport
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech.
- •IV.Translate the following word combinations.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI.Complete the Tag questions.
- •VII.Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs into the Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
Commentary and Notes to the text
1. transfer [træn(t)s'fɜː ], [trɑːn-] перевозить, транспортировать, переправлять; перенос; перемещение
2. inland ['ɪnlənd] внутренняя часть страны
3. predictability [prı͵dıktəʹbılıtı] предсказуемость
4. availability [əˌveɪlə'bɪlətɪ] доступность, возможность использования
5. indispensable [ˌɪndɪ'spensəbl] необходимый, незаменимый
6. bulk [bʌlk] основная масса, большая часть (чего-л.)
7. shipment['ʃɪpmənt]груз; партия товара; погрузка; отправка (товаров)
8. haulier ['hɔːlɪə] перевозчик (фирма, занимающаяся перевозкой грузов автомобильным или железнодорожным транспортом); (человек, занимающийся перевозкой грузов автомобильным или железнодорожным транспортом)
9. freight rates [ʹfreıtreıts] грузовой тариф
10. train ferry ['treɪnˌferɪ] железнодорожный паром
11. undertake [ˌʌndə'teɪk] предпринимать, совершать; (undertake for) брать на себя ответственность за (что-л.)
12. engage [ɪn'geɪʤ ], [en-] заказывать; нанимать
13. consignment [kən'saɪnmənt] партия отправленного или прибывшего товара, груз; консигнационная отправка товаров; транспортная накладная, фактура
14. perishable ['perɪʃəbl] скоропортящийся, скоропортящийся товар, груз perishables like fish and flowers — скоропортящиеся товары наподобие рыбы и цветов
II.Answer the following questions.
1. Does traffic include transfer of people, goods, information and energy?
2. How can goods be carried by?
3. What factors influence the quality of transport services?
4. What makes rail transportation economical for large shipments sent long distance?
5. What is the main advantage of air transport?
6. Is air transport used only to transportation of small, valuable consignment, perishables, and goods urgently needed?
7. Sea transport is best suited to the carriage of large quantities of bulk goods, isn’t it?
III. Define the part of speech.
1. cost, costly, costing, costs, costless, to cost
2. ship, shipment, shipped, shipping, shipper
3. competitor, competition, compete, competing.
IV.Translate the following word combinations.
Transport services, transport system, rail transport costs, insurance company, inland transportation, freight rates, supply-and-demand market, road network, train ferry services, money loan, road vehicles, tanker lorries, road carriers, the door-to-door service, price warfare.
V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
1. It is impossible that all these calculations be made in time.
2. It is necessary to draw up a plan that will provide work throughout the year.
3. It was the issued stocks that allowed the company to accumulate the necessary money for the new project.
4. It is necessary that we take an inventory studies of the capital assets.
5. It is the law of supply and demand that influences the retail price.
6. It is desirable that they keep accurate records about every transaction.
7. It was our director who spoke about the losses of the company.
VI.Complete the Tag questions.
1.You haven’t finish your work, …?
2.Goods are carried by land, air and sea, … ?
3.Sea transport is best suited to the carriage of large quantities, …?
4.The firm didn’t delivered the machines last year, … ?
5.Competition analysis will determine the competitive weapons, …?
6.Business manager support a concept of business ethics, …?
7.The goods should be advertised and merchandised, … ?
8.Small business entrepreneurs have a number of competitive advantages over the giant corporation, … ?