- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •Put each verb in brackets into the passive in an appropriate tense.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Translate the words paying attention to their meaning: means, to mean, by means of, by no means, by all means.
- •V.Translate the sentences.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Put each word in brackets in appropriate degrees of comparison.
- •VII. Fill in the gaps with “who, whom, whose, what, which”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the following word combinations.
- •IV.Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions given below.
- •V. Find the synonyms of the following words in the text.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Arrange the jumbled words into the right order.
- •V. Translate the word combinations.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Sequence of Tenses.
- •Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Match the words with their definitions.
- •V. Fill in the gaps with “much” or “many”.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle II.
- •Market research
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with “little, a little, few, a few”.
- •V. Read the following numerals.
- •VI. Translate sentences with the word “one”.
- •VII. Translate sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Give the Russian equivalents to the international words.
- •IV. Write down the Russian equivalents.
- •Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the vocabulary of the text.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the words “some” and “the same”.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with proper prepositions: of, by, with, in, from, to, upon, through.
- •Fill in the gaps with “some, any, no”.
- •VI. Translate sentences paying attention to the word “earn”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Open the brackets and put the verbs in proper form.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the construction “to be going to”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions: to, without, for, in, at, from, with
- •Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund.
- •VII. Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Find in the text synonyms for the following words.
- •V.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Give the English equivalents for the following.
- •VII.Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •Find in the text the English equivalents for the following phrases.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Read and translate the sentences with the verb “wonder”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •IV. Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •V.Write the following dates in English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the word combinations.
- •IV.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Write and read the following numerals in English.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Infinitive.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX.Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Innovation
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV.Translate the conditional sentences.
- •V. Chose the correct active or passive form of the verb.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III.Choose the antonyms of the following words.
- •IV.Translate into English.
- •V.Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences.
- •Transport
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech.
- •IV.Translate the following word combinations.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI.Complete the Tag questions.
- •VII.Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs into the Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
VII. Translate sentences into Russian.
1. She is likely to show up.
2. We like our partners to be honest.
3. Potential customers are likely to buy a new product.
4. I am not much interested in her likes and dislikes.
5. What is the likely profit of this whole business?
6. He forecasts a likely increase in grain production.
7. It costs something like $ 50.
8. Managers try to identify the types of consumers to whom the new product is likely to appeal.
VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
To break, to catch, to deal, to eat, to feel, to give, to have, to keep, to lead, to let.
IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
1. Take the bull by the horns - Брать быка за рога
2. See eye to eye with – Найти общий язык с
UNIT 7
DISTRIBUTION AND STORAGE
I. Read and translate the text.
Distribution. Physical distribution consists of moving and handling goods through channels of distribution. For goods to have possession utility they must be at a location where they are available to the consumer at the proper time. The physical distribution system includes the transportation of goods and their storage.
The transportation of goods is critical to business and consumers in our interdependent society. Transportation systems are so important that some economists have traced the economic development of a country by analyzing the impact of new means of transportation over the years. In selecting a form of transportation for their products, today’s managers can choose among railroads, trucks, pipelines, airlines and ships.
Storage. The storage function is the holding of goods from the time they are produced until their final use. For the business enterprise this involves a system of warehousing, materials handling and order processing.
Warehousing, or the storage of goods, may be done by the manufacturer, the wholesaler, or the retailer. The ownership of a warehouse is an added cost of doing business. Unless there is a continuing need for warehouse space, the business enterprise may find it desirable to rent space in a public warehouse.
Public warehouses are located across the country and abroad. They provide public customers with storage and other services associated with storage. Public warehouses may receive goods in large quantities and repackage them for smaller shipments to customers. A public warehouse may help finance the inventories it holds by issuing a warehouse receipt that can be used as security for a loan from a bank. A public warehouse company assumes responsibility for the damage or loss of goods placed under its custody. Storage facilities for agricultural commodities and other perishables are maintained by some public warehouses.
Commentary and Notes to the text
1. distribution [ˌdɪstrɪ'bjuːʃ(ə)n] распределение
2. storage ['stɔːrɪʤ]сохранение, хранение
3. critical ['krɪtɪk(ə)l] важный, насущный, необходимый
4. materials handling ['hændlɪŋ] ) погрузочно-разгрузочные работы, транспортировка материалов
5. order processing обработка заказов
6. utility [juː'tɪllətɪ] удобство, полезность
7. impact ['ɪmpækt] ) сильное воздействие; влияние
8. available [ə'veɪləbl] доступный; имеющийся в распоряжении, наличный
9. inventories ['ɪnv(ə)nt(ə)rɪ] наличные товары, материальные ценности
10.public warehouse ['weəhaus] склад общего пользования
11. shipment груз, партия товара
12. issue a receipt ['ɪʃuː ], ['ɪsjuː] [rɪ'siːt] выдавать расписку
13. assume [ə's(j)uːm] брать на себя (ответственность)
14. custody ['kʌstədɪ] опека; забота, попечение, надзор; защита, охрана
15. perishable ['perɪʃəbl] скоропортящийся товар, груз