- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •Put each verb in brackets into the passive in an appropriate tense.
- •Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Translate the words paying attention to their meaning: means, to mean, by means of, by no means, by all means.
- •V.Translate the sentences.
- •VI. Put each word in brackets in appropriate degrees of comparison.
- •VII. Fill in the gaps with “who, whom, whose, what, which”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the following word combinations.
- •IV.Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions given below.
- •V. Find the synonyms of the following words in the text.
- •VI. Translate into English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to modal verbs and their equivalents.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Arrange the jumbled words into the right order.
- •V. Translate the word combinations.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to Sequence of Tenses.
- •Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Match the words with their definitions.
- •V. Fill in the gaps with “much” or “many”.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle II.
- •Market research
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with “little, a little, few, a few”.
- •V. Read the following numerals.
- •VI. Translate sentences with the word “one”.
- •VII. Translate sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Give the Russian equivalents to the international words.
- •IV. Write down the Russian equivalents.
- •Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the vocabulary of the text.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the words “some” and “the same”.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the gaps with proper prepositions: of, by, with, in, from, to, upon, through.
- •Fill in the gaps with “some, any, no”.
- •VI. Translate sentences paying attention to the word “earn”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Translate the word combinations.
- •IV. Open the brackets and put the verbs in proper form.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the construction “to be going to”.
- •VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions: to, without, for, in, at, from, with
- •Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •VI.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Gerund.
- •VII. Make the sentences negative.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Find in the text synonyms for the following words.
- •V.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Give the English equivalents for the following.
- •VII.Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the words from the text.
- •Find in the text the English equivalents for the following phrases.
- •Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Read and translate the sentences with the verb “wonder”.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Write the following sentences in the Past and Future Tenses.
- •IV. Write down the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
- •V.Write the following dates in English.
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to Participle I.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III.Translate the word combinations.
- •IV.Translate the following sentences.
- •VI. Write and read the following numerals in English.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Passive Infinitive.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX.Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •Innovation
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech of the following words and translate them.
- •IV.Translate the conditional sentences.
- •V. Chose the correct active or passive form of the verb.
- •VII.Translate the sentences paying attention to the Subjunctive Mood.
- •Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
- •Read and translate the text.
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III.Choose the antonyms of the following words.
- •IV.Translate into English.
- •V.Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Infinitive.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences.
- •Transport
- •Commentary and Notes to the text
- •II.Answer the following questions.
- •III. Define the part of speech.
- •IV.Translate the following word combinations.
- •V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
- •VI.Complete the Tag questions.
- •VII.Complete the following sentences by putting the verbs into the Present Perfect or Past Simple.
- •VIII.Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.
- •IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.
Commentary and Notes to the text
1. sales branch торговое отделение промышленной фирмы
2. take title to goods брать [принимать] право собственности на товар
3. assume a risk - брать на себя риск
4. merchandise ['mɜːʧ(ə)ndaɪz] товары
5. jobber - (мелкий) оптовый торговец (покупающий товары у крупных оптовиков и перепродающий их розничным торговцам) ; оптовая фирма, джоббер (фирма, закупающая крупные партии товаров с целью перепродажи)
6. drop shipper -посредник, который собирает заказы от розничных продавцов на определенный товар и организует закупку у производителя; обычно не осуществляет складирование и хранение товаров, а только организует поставку
7. cash-and-carry –продажа за наличный расчет без доставки
8. inventory ['ɪnv(ə)nt(ə)rɪ] инвентаризация, учёт товара, наличные товары
9. ship- перевозить (груз, товар) , отправлять (различными видами транспорта)
10. processed food бакалея, бакалейные товары
11. sales force- сотрудники отдела продаж, менеджеры по продажам; торговый персонал, торговый штат, штат продавцов
II. Answer the following questions.
1. What types of wholesalers are used by manufacturers to distribute their products to retailers or industrial users?
2. What functions do merchant wholesalers perform for manufacturers?
3. The merchant wholesaler stores the product, delivers it to retail or industrial customers, doesn’t he?
4. What are the duties of jobbers, drop shippers and cash-and-carry wholesalers?
5. When are sales branches used?
6. Do agents and brokers make up a third class of wholesalers?
7. What are their functions?
III. Translate the word combinations.
Merchant wholesaler, distribution system, target market, service facilities, sales promotion, drop shippers, cash-and-carry wholesalers, wholesale functions,
sales branches, sales force, credit financing, sales agents, market price, sales promotion effort.
IV. Open the brackets and put the verbs in proper form.
Wholesalers (use) by manufacturers to distribute their products to retailers.
Jobbers, drop shippers (be) the wholesalers that move through the channel of distribution.
The merchant wholesaler (store) the product and (deliver) it to retail or industrial customers.
Sales branches (operate) by manufacturers separate from their factories.
5. A large area (cover) by a network of independent sales agents.
6. Agents and brokers (pay) a fee or commission for their service.
7. They (be able) to provide information on the demand for goods at any time.
V. Translate sentences with the word “it”.
1. We approved this system of banking. It is more progressive.
2. It is the bookkeeper who prepares a balance sheet.
3. It is our standard of these goods.
It is necessary to research this market.
It is this method of analysis that helped us so much.
It is important that the plan should be fulfilled in time.
It is this new system of management that gave the best results.
VI. Translate the sentences into Russian.
Существует три вида оптовиков, которые используются производителями для распределения их продукции розничным торговцам.
Оптовики берут на себя риски, связанные с продажей товаров.
Менеджеры по продажам осуществляют продажу товаров и услуг путем прямого контакта с потребителями.
Посредники собирают заказы от розничных продавцов на определенный товар и организуют закупку у производителя.
Агенты и брокеры составляют третий вид оптовиков.
Производитель выполняет функции по хранению, транспортировке, кредитному финансированию и обслуживанию.