Unit 8. Administration

Vocabulary

2.

1. i, 2. a. 3. g, 4. j, 5. h, 6. c, 7. d, 8. f, 9. b, 10. e.

3.

1. Organization development, 2. Regulation, 3. Span of control, 4. Scalar principle, 5. Hierarchy, 6. Affirmative Action, 7. Collective bargaining, 8. Delegation.

4.

1. Contingency approach, 2. Merit system, 3. Performance appraisal, 4. Organization, 5. Bureaucracy. 6. Division of labor, 7. Economies of scale, 8. Jurisdiction.

Reading 1

D

Example synonyms: 1. to provide security – to protect; 2. human dignity – status of an individual; 3. nexus – focus; 4. elitism – snobbery; 5. integral view – important opinion; 6. to conceptualise – to form an idea; 7. to lay emphasis – to stress; 8. public servant – an elected worker for the government; 9. commitment – promise; 10. optimum functioning – most suitable operation.

E

4. to; 2. to; 3. with

Reading 2

B

1. d; 2. c; 3. a; 4. b

C

1.

1. d; 2. f; 3. a; 4. c; 5. b; 6. e.

2.

1. d; 2. f; 3. b; 4. a; 5. c; 6. e.

D

1. to administrate, to administer, administration, administrator, administrative; 2. to proceed, procedure, procedural; 3. to communicate, communication, communicative; 4. to consist; consistency, consistent; 5. to validate, validation, validated, validating.

E

1. out, with. 2. with. 3. for. 4. to. 5. to. 6. at. 7. up. 8. from.

F

Example synonyms: 1. management, government; 2. ultimately; 3. to overlay; 4. confrontation; 5. inviolable, untouchable; 6. to be discouraged; 7. correctly; 8. well-being; 9. to verify; 10. to adjust.

Grammar

1.

1. could; 2. couldn’t; 3. can; 4. could; 5. be able to; 6. can’t; 7. was able to; 8. couldn’t; 9. was able to; 10. be able to.

3.

1. Do you have to; 2. needn’t have worried; 3. have to pay; 4. don’t have to wear; 5. I needn’t have bothered; 6. must be; 7. must remember; 8. did you have to; 9. don’t have to; 10. needn’t have taken; 11. mustn’t go; 12. had to; 13. didn’t need to go; 14. must remember; 15. will have to contact.

Unit 9. Human Resources Management

Lead in

2.

Topics (main bubbles) that can be included into the mind map: recruitment, selection, employment legislation, discipline, development opportunities, reward system, training, motivation.

Vocabulary

2.

1.c, 2.e, 3.g, 4.h, 5.a, 6.i, 7.j, 8.f, 9.d, 10.b.

3.

1. BFOQ, 2. Collective bargaining agreement, 3. Horizontal career path, 4. Career plateau, 5. Division of labor, 6. Incentive or piecework wage, 7. Hourly wages, 8. Resignations.

4.

1. e, 2. h, 3. a, 4. f, 5. b, 6. d, 7. c, 8. g.

5.

1. Brokage, 2. Delegation, 3. Grievance, 4. Develop, 5. Interview board, 6. Sacking, 7. Task specialization.

Reading 1

C

1-e, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c, 5-a.

D

1. h; 2. f; 3. e; 4. c; 5. b; 6. d; 7. a; 8. g.

E

2. from; 2. to; 3. over; 4. into; 5. between; 6. in; 7. to; 8. to.

F

Example synonyms: 1. a way to try to be more successful than others; 2. a decisive factor; 3. to anticipate future changes; 4. to be an essential challenge; 5. a development that will continue for a long time without causing damage to the environment; 6. confusing economic conditions.

Grammar

1.

1. should; 2. must; 3. should have studied; 4. ought to; 5. must; 6. ought to; 7. shouldn’t; 8. ought to; 9. should have bought; 10. should have listened.

2.

1. must be; 2. couldn’t have met; 3. must have been; 4. might /may/could sign; 5. must have been working; 6. couldn’t have done enough research; 7. must have taken bad decisions; 8. might/may/could be stuck; 9. must be having; 10. can’t be.

3.

1. should; 2. must be; 3. should; 4. can’t be; 5. should(expectation); 6. might; 7. must be making; 8. shouldn’t have borrowed; 9. might not; 10. might.

Reading 2

C

1. retain, retention, retained; 2. volatilize, volatility, volatile; 3. collaborate, collaboration, collaborator, collaborative.

D

1

1. day-to-day challenges; 2. recruitment program; 3. job offer; 4. senior professional; 5. accurate estimates.

2

1. to fill a position; 2. to retain staff; 3. to build a team; 4. to submit a plan.

E

1. to; 2. with; 3. out; 4. in, with; 5. from; 6. to, in; 7. at; 8. out, at; 9. with; 10. from; 11 to.