- •Міністерство аграрної політики україни
- •Сумський національний аграрний університет
- •Кафедра іноземних мов
- •Англійська мова
- •Soil. Soil formation and classification Part 1
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Choose the right answer:
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •Soil Formation and Classification
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Soil science and soil scientist
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil science and soil scientist
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •What kind of people become soil scientists?
- •Soil scientist's job
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil scientist's job
- •Soil, Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil and Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions
- •VI. Choose the right answer:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Think over what advice a land surveyor could give about land use in each situation. Explain them:
- •2. Think over the properties of soil required for creating recreation site.
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Here is a guide-line on using the nrcs’ Web Soil Survey. Read and put the instruction into the right order.
- •2. Think over and offer other topics for publications.
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say what statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1. Read the notice and discuss with your groupmates who and what ways may benefit from soil surveys.
- •2. Add some more your own opinions on the topic of discussion. Who benefits from Soil Surveys?
- •Soil survey information for multipurpose users
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Survey information helps:
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Imagine that you are a realtor (engineer, forester, farmer, homeowner). What information you would get from soil survey service for your particular purposes?
- •What is Land Surveying?
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. A) Look at the list of sciences and guess how they connec with land surveying:
- •V. Read and translate the text: What is Land Surveying?
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Define the terms:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Say if the statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •Imagine a modern highway is put in your backyard. Think over and discuss what services you would apply to and what steps you would take to prevent it.
- •Ancient Land Surveying
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Can you connect the following proper names with the history of Land Surveying:
- •IV. Read and translate the text:
- •VI. Match a paragraph 1-5 with a summary below:
- •VII. Fill in the blanks:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •IX. Choose the right variant:
- •X. Translate into English:
- •Famous surveyors
- •Types of Land Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Types of Land Surveys
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Land surveyor
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Land surveyor
- •VI. Put the words in the following sentences in the correct order and translate them:
- •VII. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •1. Imagine you are a surveyor and you need to represent your company at a foreign conference. Think how you will make the representation.
- •2. Imagine you have a client who wants to re-establish and mark the corners of land boundary. You’ve made a contract. Make a dialogue in which you should discuss all points of this contract.
- •Surveying Techniques
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Surveying Techniques
- •V. Fill in the blanks:
- •VI. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •Compass
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •Compass
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •V. Find the right answer:
- •VI. Tell what sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Modern compasses
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the text: Modern compasses
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Give the annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1) Make up a dialogue and role play “Choosing a modern compasses”
- •2) Imagine the situation where modern compasses help
- •Theodolite
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Tell if sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Give the annotation to the text.
- •Modern theodolites
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match Ukrainian and English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Modern theodolites
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Match the term with its definition:
- •VI. Fill in the blanks:
- •VII. Write down an annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1. Are you good at translating English text into Ukrainian? Read the article and prove it.
- •2. Work in groups and prepare a presentation of a modern gyrotheodolite.
- •3. Think over different situations:
- •Gyrotheodolites
- •Global Positioning System (gps)
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Translate the following into English:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Global Positioning System (gps)
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say if the statement are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1) Imagine you are John Walsh. Persuade United States department of Defense to fund the gps program. Speak about the possible ways of using and it helping in navigation etc.
- •2) Imagine you are President Ronald Reagan. Explain why you issued a directive making gps available for free for civilian use, what benefits from the system you predict and so on. Contents
VI. Fill in the blanks:
1. In today's theodolites, the reading out of … is usually done electronically.
2. The readout is done by … .
3. Lately CCD sensors have been added to the focal plane of the telescope allowing both … and … .
4. Integrated electro-optical distance measuring devices, allow the measurement in one go of … .
5. Self-registering tachometers or … , perform the necessary operations.
VII. Write down an annotation to the text using the following phrases:
The headline of the text I have read is …
The text is about …
According to the text …
The purpose of the text is to give some information about …
I think …
From my point of view …
This information is new (not new) for me.
I think I could use this information (in my practical work, in my studies, in my professional training).
I found the text useful (interesting, important, dull, too hard to understanding).
Communicative situation
1. Are you good at translating English text into Ukrainian? Read the article and prove it.
2. Work in groups and prepare a presentation of a modern gyrotheodolite.
3. Think over different situations:
a) at the scientific conference;
b) at the surveying service office;
c) at the instrument producing company etc.
Gyrotheodolites
The gyrotheodolite is a special type of theodolite used for surveys which do not
have sky visibility (mining, underground survey). This instrument gives the orientation of true north (the direction of Earth's rotational axis), which is set as a reference for future underground observations. The gyro-theodolite is composed of a theodolite with a gyroscope on it. True north is stored in the gyroscope for future use by orienting the theodolite approximately to the north (within a few minutes of arc); this minimizes losses when the directionality is later read. A power supply activates the rotation of the gyro spinner, which maintains orientation as the theodolite is transported.
To read, the theodolite is set at rest. The gyro will then oscillate through the north meridian until reaching the direction of true north; this is a point of minimum potential energy, similar to the bottom point of a pendulum. When the gyro has stabilized, the reading on the horizontal circle of the theodolite is equivalent to true north, and can therefore be used as a reference point.
Unit xviI
Global Positioning System (gps)
I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
distance meter - дальномір
infrared - інфрачервоний
pole - стійка, опора
to figure out — вираховувати, калькулювати, проставляти розміри
utilizing – використовування
constellation - сукупність, група
receiver – приймач, ресивер
Department of Defense - Міністерство Оборони
acronym – 1) абревіатура; 2) скорочення, умовне слово
aging - старіння; знос
shoot down - збити (літак)
earthquake - землетрус
II. Translate the following into English:
Первинна функція, сукупна станція, прилад для вимірювання відстані, вимірювання кутів, надсилати промінь, відбиватись від призми, вирахувати дійсне місце розташування, точне визначення місцезнаходження об’єкта, збирач даних, комп’ютерне програмне забезпечення, передавати мікрохвильові сигнали, цивільне використання, заміна застарілих супутників