- •Міністерство аграрної політики україни
- •Сумський національний аграрний університет
- •Кафедра іноземних мов
- •Англійська мова
- •Soil. Soil formation and classification Part 1
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Choose the right answer:
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •Soil Formation and Classification
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Soil science and soil scientist
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil science and soil scientist
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •What kind of people become soil scientists?
- •Soil scientist's job
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil scientist's job
- •Soil, Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil and Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions
- •VI. Choose the right answer:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Think over what advice a land surveyor could give about land use in each situation. Explain them:
- •2. Think over the properties of soil required for creating recreation site.
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Here is a guide-line on using the nrcs’ Web Soil Survey. Read and put the instruction into the right order.
- •2. Think over and offer other topics for publications.
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say what statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1. Read the notice and discuss with your groupmates who and what ways may benefit from soil surveys.
- •2. Add some more your own opinions on the topic of discussion. Who benefits from Soil Surveys?
- •Soil survey information for multipurpose users
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Survey information helps:
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Imagine that you are a realtor (engineer, forester, farmer, homeowner). What information you would get from soil survey service for your particular purposes?
- •What is Land Surveying?
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. A) Look at the list of sciences and guess how they connec with land surveying:
- •V. Read and translate the text: What is Land Surveying?
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Define the terms:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Say if the statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •Imagine a modern highway is put in your backyard. Think over and discuss what services you would apply to and what steps you would take to prevent it.
- •Ancient Land Surveying
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Can you connect the following proper names with the history of Land Surveying:
- •IV. Read and translate the text:
- •VI. Match a paragraph 1-5 with a summary below:
- •VII. Fill in the blanks:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •IX. Choose the right variant:
- •X. Translate into English:
- •Famous surveyors
- •Types of Land Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Types of Land Surveys
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Land surveyor
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Land surveyor
- •VI. Put the words in the following sentences in the correct order and translate them:
- •VII. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •1. Imagine you are a surveyor and you need to represent your company at a foreign conference. Think how you will make the representation.
- •2. Imagine you have a client who wants to re-establish and mark the corners of land boundary. You’ve made a contract. Make a dialogue in which you should discuss all points of this contract.
- •Surveying Techniques
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Surveying Techniques
- •V. Fill in the blanks:
- •VI. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •Compass
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •Compass
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •V. Find the right answer:
- •VI. Tell what sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Modern compasses
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the text: Modern compasses
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Give the annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1) Make up a dialogue and role play “Choosing a modern compasses”
- •2) Imagine the situation where modern compasses help
- •Theodolite
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Tell if sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Give the annotation to the text.
- •Modern theodolites
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match Ukrainian and English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Modern theodolites
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Match the term with its definition:
- •VI. Fill in the blanks:
- •VII. Write down an annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1. Are you good at translating English text into Ukrainian? Read the article and prove it.
- •2. Work in groups and prepare a presentation of a modern gyrotheodolite.
- •3. Think over different situations:
- •Gyrotheodolites
- •Global Positioning System (gps)
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Translate the following into English:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Global Positioning System (gps)
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say if the statement are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1) Imagine you are John Walsh. Persuade United States department of Defense to fund the gps program. Speak about the possible ways of using and it helping in navigation etc.
- •2) Imagine you are President Ronald Reagan. Explain why you issued a directive making gps available for free for civilian use, what benefits from the system you predict and so on. Contents
IV. Answer the questions:
1. What is the main idea of the text?
2. Where do we use a theodolite?
3. What does a theodolite measure?
4. What are the main parts of the theodolite?
5. Was the transit developed in the 19th century?
6. What can’t we measure by some transits?
7. Are transits the lightweight tools?
8. What is inclinometer?
9. What kinds of angles can’t we measure by inclinometer?
10. What instruments allow us to establish a line of sight?
V. Tell the definitions of these words:
Theodolite, surveying, field, transit, century, compact, construction, mistake, inclinometer, spirit level, user
VI. Find the right answer:
1. A theodolite is a ... instrument.
a) drawing b) measuring c) printing d) playing
2. A theodolite is made up of ... .
a) compass b) spade c) axes d) telescope
3. The transit was made in the ... century.
a) twentieth b) eighteenth c) twelfth d) nineteenth
4. Transits are known as a ... form of theodolite.
a) simple b) heavy c) difficult d) pretty
5. Electronic theodolites are widespread ... .
a) furniture b) equipment c) science d) scales
VII. Tell if sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
1. A theodolite is an instrument for measuring neither horizontal nor vertical angles.
2. The main part of theodolites is a telescope.
3. A telescope can move freely within two axes.
4. The angles are measured with less precision on the scale of arcseconds.
5. The simple form of transit is theodolite.
6. Transits aren’t used nowadays.
7. The builder’s level isn’t a transit but a type of inclinometer.
VIII. Match Ukrainian and English equivalents:
1. ціль 2. збільшення 3. горизонтальна плоскість 4. галузь 5. прямо 6. лінія зору 7. компенсація 8. уклономір 9. теодоліт 10. мережа 11. легкий 12. головний 13. глухий нівелір |
m) inclinometer |
IX. Translate into English:
1. Інструментом для вимірювання як горизонтальних, так і вертикальних кутів є теодоліт.
2. Теодоліт використовується при землемірних та інженерних роботах, в метеорології і технології по запуску ракет.
3. Сьогоденний теодоліт складається з телескопа, який рухається між вертикальними і горизонтальними осями.
4. Кути вимірюються за шкалою арксекунд.
5. Рівень - це не теодоліт, а уклономір, що не вимірює горизонтальних і вертикальних кутів.
6. Креномір складається зі спиртового рівня і телескопа, що дозволяє візуально визначити лінію зору вздовж горизонтальної плоскості.
X. Give the annotation to the text.
Unit xvI
Modern theodolites
I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
read out - зчитувати
circle – окружність
rotary – обертальний
encoder - кодер, кодуючий пристрій; шифратор
absolute - світовий, абсолютний (про новизну винаходу)
Gray code - код Грея; двоїстий циклічний код
incremental - 1) інкрементний; 2) поетапний (напр. про впровадження технічних засобів); 3) інкрементний; диференціальний
equidistant - рівновіддалений, эквідистантний
radial - радіальний
band - 1) смуга; 2) пояс; зв'язок; 3) зона; 4) діапазон (частот); смуга (частот)
spin – обертатися
CCD (charge-coupled device) sensor - датчик на основі приладу з зарядовим зв’язком (датчик ПЗЗ)
focal plane - фокальна плоскість
residual – залишковий
offset - 1) відхилення; 2) зміщення; 3) компенсація; корекція
embedded software - вбудоване програмне забезпечення (реалізоване апаратними засобами чи записане в ПЗП)
in one – одночасно
albeit – хоча (й)
tachometer- тахометр
ruggedized – підвищеної стійкості; підвищеного захисту
laptop - компактний комп’ютер; переносний ПК, дорожній ПК, лептоп
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) - персональний цифровий секретар (кишеньковий комп’ютер, що використовується в якості записної книжки)