- •Міністерство аграрної політики україни
- •Сумський національний аграрний університет
- •Кафедра іноземних мов
- •Англійська мова
- •Soil. Soil formation and classification Part 1
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Choose the right answer:
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •Soil Formation and Classification
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Soil science and soil scientist
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil science and soil scientist
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •What kind of people become soil scientists?
- •Soil scientist's job
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Soil scientist's job
- •Soil, Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil and Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions
- •VI. Choose the right answer:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Think over what advice a land surveyor could give about land use in each situation. Explain them:
- •2. Think over the properties of soil required for creating recreation site.
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Making and Using Soil Surveys
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •XIII. Here is a guide-line on using the nrcs’ Web Soil Survey. Read and put the instruction into the right order.
- •2. Think over and offer other topics for publications.
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Surveys Importance and its limitations
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say what statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1. Read the notice and discuss with your groupmates who and what ways may benefit from soil surveys.
- •2. Add some more your own opinions on the topic of discussion. Who benefits from Soil Surveys?
- •Soil survey information for multipurpose users
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •Soil Survey information helps:
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Define the terms:
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •Imagine that you are a realtor (engineer, forester, farmer, homeowner). What information you would get from soil survey service for your particular purposes?
- •What is Land Surveying?
- •I. Learn the following words:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. A) Look at the list of sciences and guess how they connec with land surveying:
- •V. Read and translate the text: What is Land Surveying?
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Define the terms:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Say if the statements are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •Imagine a modern highway is put in your backyard. Think over and discuss what services you would apply to and what steps you would take to prevent it.
- •Ancient Land Surveying
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Can you connect the following proper names with the history of Land Surveying:
- •IV. Read and translate the text:
- •VI. Match a paragraph 1-5 with a summary below:
- •VII. Fill in the blanks:
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •IX. Choose the right variant:
- •X. Translate into English:
- •Famous surveyors
- •Types of Land Surveys
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Types of Land Surveys
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •Land surveyor
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Land surveyor
- •VI. Put the words in the following sentences in the correct order and translate them:
- •VII. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •1. Imagine you are a surveyor and you need to represent your company at a foreign conference. Think how you will make the representation.
- •2. Imagine you have a client who wants to re-establish and mark the corners of land boundary. You’ve made a contract. Make a dialogue in which you should discuss all points of this contract.
- •Surveying Techniques
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Give English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Surveying Techniques
- •V. Fill in the blanks:
- •VI. Write down the annotation to the text. Use the following phrases:
- •Compass
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •Compass
- •III. Answer the questions:
- •IV. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •V. Find the right answer:
- •VI. Tell what sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •VIII. Translate into English:
- •Modern compasses
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the text: Modern compasses
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Give the annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1) Make up a dialogue and role play “Choosing a modern compasses”
- •2) Imagine the situation where modern compasses help
- •Theodolite
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Find English equivalents of these words combinations in the text:
- •III. Read and translate the text:
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Tell the definitions of these words:
- •VI. Find the right answer:
- •VII. Tell if sentences are true or false. Explain why not:
- •IX. Translate into English:
- •X. Give the annotation to the text.
- •Modern theodolites
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Match Ukrainian and English equivalents:
- •III. Read and translate the text: Modern theodolites
- •IV. Answer the questions:
- •V. Match the term with its definition:
- •VI. Fill in the blanks:
- •VII. Write down an annotation to the text using the following phrases:
- •1. Are you good at translating English text into Ukrainian? Read the article and prove it.
- •2. Work in groups and prepare a presentation of a modern gyrotheodolite.
- •3. Think over different situations:
- •Gyrotheodolites
- •Global Positioning System (gps)
- •I. Learn the following words and word combinations:
- •II. Translate the following into English:
- •III. Fill in the blanks:
- •IV. Read and translate the text: Global Positioning System (gps)
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VIII. Say if the statement are true or false. Correct the false ones:
- •1) Imagine you are John Walsh. Persuade United States department of Defense to fund the gps program. Speak about the possible ways of using and it helping in navigation etc.
- •2) Imagine you are President Ronald Reagan. Explain why you issued a directive making gps available for free for civilian use, what benefits from the system you predict and so on. Contents
II. Read and translate the text: Modern compasses
Modern hand-held navigational compasses use a magnetized needle or dial inside a fluid-filled (oil, kerosene, or alcohol is common) capsule; the fluid causes the needle to stop quickly rather than oscillate back and forth around magnetic north. Most modern recreational and military compasses integrate a protractor with the compass, using a separate magnetized needle. In this design the rotating capsule containing the magnetized needle is fitted with orienting lines and an outlined orienting arrow, then mounted in a transparent baseplate containing a direction-of-travel (DOT) indicator for use in taking bearings directly from a map. Other feature found on some modern handheld compasses are map and scales for measuring distances and plotting positions on maps, luminous markings or bezels for use at night or poor light, various sighting mechanisms (mirror, prism, etc.) for taking bearings of distant objects with greater precision, 'global' needles for use in differing hemispheres, adjustable declination for obtaining instant true bearings without resort to arithmetic, and devices such as inclinometers for measuring gradients.
Specialty compasses include the optical or prismatic hand-bearing compass, often used by surveyors, cave explorers, or mariners. This compass uses an oil-filled capsule and magnetized compass dial with an integral optical or prismatic sight, often fitted with built-in photoluminescent or battery-powered illumination. Using the optical or prism sight, such compasses can be read with extreme accuracy when taking bearings to an object, often to fractions of a degree. Most of these compasses are designed for heavy-duty use, with solid metal housings, and many are fitted for tripod mounting for additional accuracy.
III. Fill in the blanks:
1. Modern hand-held navigational compasses use a magnetized needle or dial inside a … capsule.
2. Modern … compasses integrate a protractor with the compass.
3. A direction-of-travel (DOT) indicator is used for … directly from a … .
4. Some modern handheld compasses have … for measuring … on maps.
5. … are necessary for use at night or poor light.
6. Various sighting mechanisms … let take bearings of distant objects with greater precision.
7. 'Global' needles are designed for use in … .
8. Adjustable declination for obtaining instant true bearings without … .
9. Inclinometers are added for measuring … .
10. Specialty compasses include the … .
11. … use an oil-filled capsule and magnetized compass dial with an integral optical or prismatic sight.
12. Specialty compasses are designed for … .
IV. Answer the questions:
1. What is a modern handheld navigational compass?
2. What is an advantage of using the fluid inside a capsule?
3. What do modern recreational & military compasses integrate?
4. What is DOT indicator? What purposes is it used?
5. For what are map and scales used?
6. Luminous markings or bezels are necessary for use at night or poor light, aren’t they?
7. What sighting mechanisms let take bearings of distant objects with greater precision?
8. What is the aim of ‘global’ needles?
9. What do specialty compasses include? Whom are they used?
10. What is specialty compasses’ design? For what?