Text 2 Raw Materials

I. Words to be remembered.

1) average 2) composition 3) milk fat 4) ash 5) to vary 6) figure 7) feed content 8) in the amount of… 9) international unit 10) low fat milk 11) skim milk 12) perishable commodity 13) several 14) fluid milk 15) butter 16) breed

средний, средняя величина состав молочный жир зола менять(ся), различаться цифра состав корма в количестве…, в объеме… международная единица молоко с низкой жирностью снятое (обезжиренное) молоко, обрат скоропортящийся продукт несколько жидкое молоко масло порода

II. Read and translate the text.

Raw Materials

The average composition of cow's milk is 87.2% water, 3.7% milk fat, 3.5% protein, 4.9% lactose, and 0.7% ash. This composition varies from cow to cow and breed to breed. For example, Jersey cows have an average of 85.6% water and 5.15% milk fat. These figures also vary by the season of the year, the animal feed content, and many other factors.

Vitamin D concentrate may be added to milk in the amount of 400 international units (IU) per quart. Most low fat and skim milk also has 2,000 IU of Vitamin A added.

Milk is a perishable commodity. For this reason, it is usually processed locally within a few hours of being collected. In the United States, there are several hundred thousand dairy farms and several thousand milk processing plants. Some plants produce only fluid milk, while others also produce butter, cheese, and other milk products.

III. Answer the questions.

1. What is the average composition of cow’s milk?

2. Does this composition vary from cow to cow?

3. How can the season of the year influence the composition of cow’s milk?

4. Is the animal feed content very important for milk?

5. How much vitamin D may be added to milk?

6. Why is milk usually processed locally within a few hours of being collected?

7. Do all of the plants in the United States produce butter and cheese?

IV. Find the English equivalents.

Меняется в зависимости от племени; в зависимости от времени года; может быть добавлен в молоко; на кварту; скоропортящийся товар; по этой причине; в течение нескольких часов; заводы по переработке молока; в то время как другие.

Text 3 The Manufacturing Process (1)

I. Words to be remembered.

1) to collect 2) dairy 3) to milk 4) stainless steel (glass) pipe 5) refrigerated bulk milk tank 6) to cool 7) truck 8) to pump 9) sample 10) to check 11) flexible 12) hose

собирать, получать молочный доить нержавеющая стальная (стеклянная) труба большая охлаждающая молочная цистерна охлаждать грузовой автомобиль выкачивать, работать насосом образец, проба проверять гибкий, эластичный рукав, шланг

II. Read and translate the text.