Употребление Present Indefinite:

1. Для выражения обычного, повторяющегося или постоянного действия, констатации факта в настоящем времени. Часто в таких предложениях используются наречия неопределённого времени: usually – обычно, always – всегда, sometimes – иногда, often – часто, seldom – редко, as a rule – как правило, every day (every week, every year, …) – каждый день (каждую неделю, каждый год), twice a year – дважды в год,regularly – регулярно.

Например: I usually get up at 7 o’clock. – Обычно я встаю в 7 часов.

He doesn’t smoke. – Он не курит.

The Earth goes round the Sun. – Земля вращается вокруг солнца.

2. Для выражения действия, совершающегося в момент речи, с глаголами, не употребляющимися во временах группы Continuous (to see – видеть, to hear – слышать, to understand – понимать, to know – знать, to love – любить, to hate – ненавидеть, to prefer – предпочитать, to want – хотеть и др.)

Например: Sorry, but I don’t understand what you mean. – Извините, но я не понимаю, что вы имеете в виду.

3. Для выражения будущего действия в обстоятельственных придаточных предложениях времени и условия (вместо Future Indefinite), которые вводятся союзами: if – если, unless – если не, when – когда, till, until – до тех пор пока, as soon as – как только, as long as – пока, before – прежде чем и т.д.)

Например: I’ll come after I do my homework. – Я приду после того, как сделаю домашнее задание.

4. Когда речь идёт о расписании, транспорте, сеансах в кинотеатре и т.д.

Например: What time does the film begin? – Когда начинается фильм?

The train arrives at 7 p.m. – Поезд прибывает в 7 вечера.

Упражнения для закрепления грамматики:

Exercise 1. Выберите нужную форму глагола.

1. I (speak/speaks) English.

2. He (speak/speaks) Russian.

3. John (have/has) two brothers.

4. We (have/has) a new car.

5. My brothers (read/reads) English books.

6. I (am/is/are) very happy.

7. My mother (work/works) at school.

8. My parents (am/is/are) at home now.

9. The table (stand/stands) near the window.

10. His father (am/is/are) in London now.

Exercise 2. Замените подлежащее и произведите необходимые изменения в сказуемом. Обратите внимание на произношение окончания –s.

1. You watch TV too much. (The boy).

2. We realize the danger of doing it. (He).

3. The children usually go home after school. (The child).

4. We arrange everything for the New Year party. (Bill).

5. I always help them. (My mother).

6. They look very well. (Jane).

7. The rivers freeze in winter. (This river).

8. They often quarrel with parents. (My sister).

9. My parents read newspapers every morning. (My father).

10. I trust you. (Your teacher).

Exercise 3. Постройте предложения.

I You He She We They Our friends My parents My roommate The passengers Young girls Her brother Old people Our teacher It

usually normally regularly occasionally sometimes at times often seldom hardly ever never frequently from time to time once a week twice a year always

go to a dance use their car gives us a lot of homework comes late for classes use the underground takes a shower get up very late buy tickets in advance go to the country makes mistakes in translation rains here on Sundays eat meat or fish for supper go to a restaurant write letters to us sends her flowers

Exercise 4. Постройте предложения при помощи союзов but или and.

My parents	to like coffee	not to like tea
My friend	to play the piano	not to play the guitar
He	to eat meat	not to eat fish
Her children	to watch detective films	not to watch cartoons
My mother	to read historical novels	not to read love stories
My son	to listen to rock-music	not to like pop-music
It	to rain	not to snow
Caroline	to speak English	not to speak German
Tom and Ted	to study at college	not to study at the University
I	to clean the floor with a vacuum-cleaner	not to sweep the floor

Exercise 5. Дайте краткие и полные положительные и отрицательные ответы на вопросы.

1. Do you often quarrel with your parents?

2. Does your mother always understand you?

3. Are you a happy family?

4. Have you many friends at college?

5. Do you have breakfast every morning?

6. Does your friend trust you?

7. Is your mother proud of you?

8. Do you miss your sister?

9. Has your friend good relations with her mother-in-law?

10) Are you a faithful friend?

Exercise 6. Задайте вопросы к предложениям:

a)общий; b)альтернативный; c)разделительный; d)специальный (к выделенным словам); e)вопрос к подлежащему.

• My mother translates English texts very well.

• The pictures are on the wall.

• Usually my sister has 5 lessons at school.

• My parents often give me advice.

• Children have many new toys.

Exercise 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Indefinite.

1. I generally (to get up) at 8 o’clock.

2. My friend (to speak) English very well.

3. He (to be) always very busy. He (to work) much.

4. He (not to know) the answer to this question. You (to know)?

5. The train (to arrive) at 7 a.m.

6. She (not to get up) early. She (to like) to sleep. She (to be) a sleepy-head.

7. John (not to study). He (to work) in a laboratory.

8. You (to get) to the University by bus?

9. My brother (to have) a new car. He (to drive) it very fast.

10. How often you (to go) to the library?

11. When you (to go) to the University: in the morning or in the evening?

12. My daughter (to read) not very well. She (to be) little.

13. You (to play) football or basketball better?

14. The table (to stand) near the window.

15. The chairs (to stand) near the table.