Пояснення до тексту.

to major – спеціалізуватись з…

bilateral agreement – двостороння угода

curricula and syllabi – навчальні плани та програми

V. Прочитайте 4-й абзац. Виберіть правильний варіант відповіді на запитання.

Where do the students take their practical training?

1. The students take their practical training at their future place of employment.

2. The students take their practical training abroad.

3. The students take their practical training in the laboratories.

Вариант 4

І. Перепишіть речення; підкресліть дієслова, визначте якого вони часу, виду та стану. Перекладіть речення українською мовою. У розділі (б) зверніть увагу на переклад пасивних конструкцій.

а). 1.The splitting of the atom has opened to man a new source of energy.

2. Scientist all over the world are doing their best to find answers to numerous yet unsolved problems.

б). 1.Gold is not affected by moisture.

2. Newton ̉s laws of motion were subjected to criticism.(Newton-Н ̉ютон).

II. Перепишіть речення, підкресліть Participle I чu Participle II ,визначте які з них ужиті в функції означення, обставини чи частини присудка. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

1. Explaining a new rule our teacher gave us a great number of examples.

2. We shall be translating the article when he comes.

3. Robots release workers from monotonous and very hard work requiring no skilled labour.

III. Перепишіть речення, підкресліть модальні дієслова або їх еквіваленти.

Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

1. May I intive my friend to join us?

2. We had to put of the meeting till Friday.

3. If the red light is on, you must stop and wait.

4. The lecture is to begin at 8 o’clock.

IV. Прочитайте текст та усно перекладіть його. Перепишіть та письмово перекладіть українською мовою 1, 2, та 4 абзаци.

SOURCES OF ENERGY

Throughout history, people have developed various sources of energy to help them do their work and improve their living conditions. One of the first forms of energy that people used was fire. Later, wind and water supplied energy for transportation and simple machinery.

The inventions of the steam engine, electricity, and the gasoline engine introduced new stages in energy development and increased productivity. Recently, nuclear energy has begun to contribute to the productivity of the economy.

Since the invention of the steam engine, societies have depended on fossil fuels to supply energy. Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, developed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals.

Today, fossil fuels supply 97 percent of the world’s energy needs. The amount of fossil fuel people burn has nearly doubled every 20 years since 1900. Such rapid consumption of this type of energy may exhaust the world’s supply of fossil fuels. Engineers predict that oil will become scarce in the early 2000s and the earth’s natural gas reserves will be exhausted within about 30 years. Coal, the most plentiful fossil fuel, is expected to last another 300 to 400 years.

Sources other than fossil fuels fill some of the world’s energy needs. For example, water power provides about 2 percent of the world’s energy. Solar energy, given off by the sun is used in some places to heat homes and generate electricity. Winds, tides, and the heat of the earth’s interior are among other sources of energy people use today.