Comprehension

Exercise 4. Tell what sentences are true and what are false.

1. Transportation policy provides state institutions with shipments. 2. Ukra-ine has the purpose to become an integral part of European transportation system as it is used as a transportation country to ship goods. 3. Rail branch of transport in Ukraine tried to increase unreasonable costs. 4. One of the basic problems of Ukrainian auto transport is technical state of the auto-track net. 5. Ukrainian transport is heavily invested; however, it is not enough to have it developed.

Exercise 5. Find the second half of the sentence.

1. Aircraft of Ukraine is not competitive in the foreign market of airlines because of…

2. The program for transport development focuses on the development …

3. Decrease in investment activity caused decrease in foreign trade relations …

4. The reason for fierce competition is …

5. Transportation costs in railway branch ….

Exercise 6. Translate these questions and answer them

1.What is notion? 2. What can you say about “notion of transport” 3. Has Ukraine a perfect transportation system? 4. What is the role of transportation system? 5. What are the main economic features of transportation system of Ukraine.

Exercise 7. Try to tell the gist of the text.

Word study

Exercise 8. Translate the following word-combinations..

Modern transportation system, exploitation of rail, rail branch of transport, automobile and pipeline transportation. the material production, the development of all means of transport, the kinds of economic activity, efficient foreign-economic activity, non-production enterprises and population, changes in the forms of property, territory organization, structure of agricultural system.

Exercise 9. Translate these sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the active vocabulary of the text.

1. Transportation policy provides state instructions with shipments. 2. Ukraine has the purpose to become an integral part of European transportation system as it is used as a transportation country to ship goods. 3. Reasonable planning will reduce the transportation costs. 4. Satellite technology allows to establish communication across a wide geographic area such as region or even the world. 5. Last week we signet the contract for car shipment. 6.Electronic Data Interchange is defined as intercompany computer-to-computer exchange of business documents in standard formats to facilitate high-volume transactions. 7. To study transport logistics one must have a basic understanding of supply management. 8. Aircraft of Ukraine is not competitive in the foreign market of airlines because of inefficient training of personnel. 9. Transport development depends upon development and allocation of productive abilities of the state. 10. Transport development depends upon development and allocation of productive abilities of the state.

Exercise 10. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words and word-combinations.

long-distance traffic, roads, air traffic, huge trucks, roundabout, transportation., rail transport, vehicles, carrying military equipment, locked, rail branch

1. There wasn’t much traffic on the ……..2. Most …of heavy goods is done by ships. 3. The scientists study the problems of …………..congestions in Europe. 4. ………..is a circular place where two or more roads join, which all traffic must drive around. 5. Improved ……………is essential for business. 6. ………….are used for transporting oil. 6. The city needs to improve its public …………………..7. Transporter is a long vehicle that can carry one or more other…………. 8. Transport plane is a plane that is used especially for …………………..or soldiers. 9.Have you ………….your vehicle? 10. ……………of transport in Ukraine tried to increase unreasonable costs.

Exercise 11. Translate these sentences into English..

1. Інформаційні технології дуже допомагають у транспортних операціях. 2. Протягом минулого року ми значно розширили обсяги постачання. 3. У години пік вулиці всіх великих міст перевантажені. 4. Доступність – це фізична здатність транспортного засобу обслуговувати будь-яку територію. 5. Витрати на перевезення вантажу залежать від капіталовкладень.