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  1. Open the brackets and put the verbs into the Past Perfect or Past Indefinite/Continuous Tense(Active or Passive).

    1. In 1965, the Nobel Prize-winner in physics Charles K.Kao (receive) his PhD from Imperial College London but his pre-university education he (get) in Hong Kong.

    2. The Einstein's theory of special relativity(introduce) first, and was later (consider) to be a special case of the more comprehensive theory of general relativity.

    3. Galileo Galilei (establish) the principles which Newton later (use) to create a coherenttheoretical framework for classical physics.

    4. Niels Bohr (receive) a Nobel Prize for this work in 1922, just a year after Albert Einstein ' (receive) his.

    5. Isaac Newton (be interested) in the discoveries of Galileo who earlier (prove) that the planets revolved around the sun, not the earth as people (think) at that time.

    6. Isaac Newton's calculations (change) the way people (understand) the universe. Before it no one (be able) to explain why the planets (stay) in their orbits.

    7. Less that 50 years before Isaac Newton (be born) it (think) that the planets (be held) in place by an invisible shield.

    8. In the nineteenth century, the atom was thought to be a spherical blob of more-or-less uniform density but already twoand a half millennia ago the concept of the atom (hypothesize) by the Greeks.

    9. In 1963, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, two scientists in Holmdale, New Jersey, (work) on a satellite which (designe) to measure microwaves.

    10. InAugust 1783 a French chemist Jacques Charles (invent) a different type of balloon that (use) hydrogen to get its lift, earlier, in November 1783, Pilatre de Rozier and Marquis d'Arlandes (make) the first manned flight in a Montgolfier balloon from the center of Paris to the city's suburbs.

    11. Experimental physics (have) its debut with experimentation concerning statics, long before quantitative descriptions (become) popular among physicists and astronomers.

  1. Make the sentences of ex.2 negative and interrogative.

  1. For each situation, write a sentence ending with never … before. Use the verbs in brackets.

For example:

The student standing next to you in the laboratory was very nervous. It was his first experiment with this matter.

(experiment) He’d never experimented with this matter before.

  1. Mike made a very thin insulation on a piece of silicon yesterday. He wasn’t very good at it because it was the first time he tried to control silicon oxidation. (control) He …

  2. Last year we began to manufacture new electronic devices. It happened for the first time. (manufacture) We …

  3. These electrolytes are usually used as insulators. Our researches ran into them only yesterday. (use) They…

  4. Our scientists patented their new device. It seemed to us that we saw.

(patent) Nobody …