3. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням. Завдання до тексту:

I. Вставте пропущені букви у словах першого абзацу.

II. Виберіть та вставте запропоновані у дужках слова (tsunami, ground, sufficient, trigger, surface, volcanic, seabed) в другому абзаці.

III. У третьому абзаці оберіть правильну граматичну форму.

IV. Складіть план до тексту.V. Поставте 10 запитань до тексту.VI. Напишіть анотацію.

From The Nature Friends

27.05. 2008

An Earthquake

By Bernice Karnop

An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's 1) cr__st that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a 2) seismogra__h. The moment magnitude of an earthquake is conventionally reported, or the related and mostly obsolete 3) Ri__hter magnitude, with magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes being mostly imperceptible and magnitude 7 causing serious 4) dam_ge over large 5) ar__as. Intensity of shaking is 6) me__sured on the modified Mercalli 7) s__ale.

At the Earth's 1) ______, earthquakes manifest themselves by a shaking and sometimes displacement of the 2) _______. When a large earthquake epicenter is located offshore, the 3) _______ sometimes suffers 4) _________ displacement to cause a 5) ________. The shaking in earthquakes can also 6) ________ landslides and occasionally 7) _______activity.

In its most generic sense, the word earthquake 1) (uses, is used) to describe any seismic event —whether a natural phenomenon or an event caused by humans — that 2) (generates, generate) seismic waves. Earthquakes 3) (are caused, is caused) mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear experiments. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its focus or hypocenter. The term epicenter 4) (had mean, means) the point at ground level directly above this. Most naturally occurring earthquakes are related to the tectonic nature of 5) (a, the) Earth. Such earthquakes are called tectonic earthquakes. The Earth's lithosphere is a patchwork of plates in slow but constant motion caused by the release to space of the heat in the Earth's mantle and core. The heat 6) (will caused, causes) the rock in the Earth to flow on geological timescales, so that the plates move slowly but surely.

Література:

1. Барановська Т.В. Граматика англійської мови. Збірник вправ: Навч. посібник. Видання друге, виправлене та доповненею – Мова англ., укр. – Київ: ТОВ “ВП Логос-М», 2007. – 384с.

2. Л.В. Мисик, А.Л. Арцишевська, Л.Р. Кузнєцова, Л.Л. Поплавська. Англійська мова. Комунікативний аспект. / За ред. доц. Мисик Л.В. – Підручник. – К.: Атіка, 2000. – 368с.

3. Гужва Т. М. Англійська мова: Розмовні теми: Навч. посіб. Для студентів фак. Інозем. Філології, університетів, ліцеїв, гімназій та коледжів. – Харків: Фоліо, 2005. – 414с.

4. Бессонова І. В. Англійська мова (за професійним спрямуванням). Навчальний посібник для дистанційного навчання. – К.: Університет «Україна», 2005. – 263с.

Практичне заняття № 2

Тема: Партнерство. Співробітництво.

Task 1. Think and say: «What do you know about the structure of company? »

Task 2. Read and translate the following text.

THE STRUCTURE OF A COMPANY

Organization structure in business is very important. People in a company, its employees hold different positions. The relationship between those employees with different positions makes organization structure. At present, most firms are divided into their major parts:

• capital (shareholders);

• management;

• labour.

Let us take a typical company. A director is a senior manager. He sets up the Board of Directors under the authority of the President. The Board decides what company policy and expendi­ture must be. The chief executive officer (CEO) is the link between the Board and the senior management. As for middle managers, they run departments of a firm. They account to the senior management for their area of the work done.

There is a difference between executive directors and non-execu­tive ones. The directors who run their firm on day-to-day basis are called executive directors. Those who sit on the Board and do not run the firm directly are called non-executive directors. In modern American English, they use also the term inside directors for executive and outside directors for non-executive ones.