2. Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням: текст “a compass rose”

It is not known exactly where or when the formal magnetic compass originated. However, what little, unclear evidence has been found indicates the compass was refined in Italy circa 1200AD. Italy is known for its grand maritime achievements that made them a navigational superpower.

It is believed Flavio Gioia first invented the refined compass, and a monument has been erected in Almafi Italy to honor his invention. The magnetic compass was probably developed by combining the wind rose and the lodestone. From this device it is supposed the compass rose evolved. A wind rose was glued to the top of a lodestone and placed in a covered container of water. Later, oils were used instead of water to stabilize the compass disk from erratic movement. Then it was found you could magnetize needles and glue them to the bottom of the disk. These needles had to be re-magnetized periodically to maintain a sufficient level of magnetism.

A compass rose is a design on a map that shows directions. It shows north, south, east, west, northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest.

On the compass rose above, only north is filled in. Fill in the rest of the directions on the compass rose, using the standard abbreviations: N=North, S=South, E=East, W=West, NE=Northeast, NW=Northwest, SE=Southeast, SW=Southwest. When north is at the top of the compass rose (as it often is), south is at the bottom, east is on the right, and west is on the left. Northeast is between north and east, northwest is between north and west, southeast is between south and east, and southwest is between south and west.

3. Виконання пілятекстових вправ

Ex1. Fill in the rest of the directions on the compass rose

Ex2. Retell the Compass rose history

4. Робота над граматичним матеріалом. Revision.

1. Назвіть випадки вживання Present Perfect.

2. З якими числівниками в реченні найчастіше вживається Present Perfect. Наведіть приклад.

Ex. 1. Read the situations and write sentences. Use the following verbs: arrive       break        fall       go up       grow        improve       lose  leave

1. Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it.	He has lost his key.
2. Margaret can't walk and her leg is in plaster.	She
3. Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90.	The bus fare
4. Maria's English wasn't very good. Now it is better.	Her English
5. Dan didn't have a beard before. Now he has a beard.	He
6. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it.	The letter
7. The temperature was 20 degrees. Now it is only 12.	The
8. What time is David leaving?	He __________ already.
9. Is Sue coming to the cinema with us?	No, she _______ already _______ this film.
10. Do you know where Julia is?	Yes, I _______ just ______ her.

3. Яким чином утворюється форма Past Perfect. Чи вживається вона для вираження минулої дії, що вже закінчилася до певного моменту в минулому. Яким чином це позначається у реченні?

Ex. 2. Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets.

1. You went to Sue's house, but she wasn't there.       (she / go / out)      She had gone out.      2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn't the same as before.       (it / change /a lot) ________________________ 3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn't come.       (she/ arrange / to do something else) ________________________ 4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late.      (the film / already / begin) ________________________ 5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time.      (I / not / see / him for five years) ________________________ 6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn't hungry.      (she / just / have / breakfast) ________________________ 7. The man sitting next to you on the plane was very nervous. It was his first flight.        (he/ never/ flown/had/ before) _____________________________                   8. A woman walked into the room. She was a complete stranger to me.      (I/never/seen/her/had /before) ______________________________ 9. Sam played tennis yesterday. He wasn't very good at it; it was his first game.      (Sam/never/had/before/played)_________________________________ 10. Last year we went to Denmark. It was our first time there.      (had/we/been/never/there/before)_________________________________

4. Наведіть 5 пар прикладів речень у формі Future Perfect та Future Simple. Поясніть.

Ex. 3. Open the brackets using Future Indefinite or Future Perfect.

1. We _____________ the new film tomorrow. (watch)

2. I _____________ my homework by the time you come home. (do)

3. They hope he _____________all the exams by the end of June. (pass)

4. _____you _____ here again? (come)

5. I _____________ take your words seriously next time! (not)

6. The police _______________ here before we finish. (arrive)

7. She ________________ everything when she sees me. (understand)

8. By that time the train ____________ without us. (leave)

9. All the preparations_____________ finished before the weekend. (to be) 10. I am sure we ___________ to an agreement by the end of our meeting. (come)

5. Чи виражають часи групи Perfect Continuous, як і часи групи Continuous дію в її розвитку як процес. Яким чином вони пов’язані з часами групи Perfect?

Ex. 4. Open the brackets using Present Perfect Continuous

1. He (to try) to solve this problem for several months till now but he hasn’t found a solution yet. 2. She (to teach) at school for twenty years. 3. Mr. Smith (to work) in his room since early morning. 4. The children (to sleep) for six hours. 5. John is in his room, he (to sit) there since the morning. 6. For 2 hours now we (to talk) and we haven’t come to any conclusion yet. 7. I (to look) for it for half an hour and I can’t find it. 8. Look, your brother (to dance) with that red-haired girl since she came into the room. 9. The telephone (to ring) for five minutes, why don’t you answer. 10. He (to come) here day after day for years.

6. Як утворюються часи групи Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous?

Ex. 5. Put the verb into the most suitable form, past continuous (I was doing), past perfect (I had done) or past perfect continuous (I had been doing).

1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbors    were having    (have) a party. 2. We were good friends. We   had known   (know) each other for years. 3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he _____________ (walk) so fast. 4. Sue was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She ____________ (run). 5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They_______________ (eat). 6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty, but their stomachs were full. They _________________ (eat). 7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He ______________ (look) for his contact lens. 8. When I arrived, Kate _________________ (wait) for me. She was annoyed with me because I was late and she _________________ (wait) for a long time. 9. I was sad when I sold my car. I _____________ (have) it for a very long time. 10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We _________________ (travel) for more than 24 hours

Література:

1. Бессонова І. В. Англійська мова (за професійним спрямуванням). Навчальний посібник для дистанційного навчання. – К.: Університет «Україна», 2005. – 263с.

Практичне заняття № 2

Тема: Сучасна людина і комп’ютер.