- •Pronouns
- •Pronoun “it”
- •Say the following sentences in the future.
- •Reading Activity About My Family and Myself
- •Additional Vocabulary
- •Interests and Ambitions
- •Post-reading Activity
- •The verb “to have”
- •Present, Past, Future Simple Present Simple
- •The Present Simple tense denotes:
- •Past Simple
- •The Past Simple tense describes:
- •Future Simple
- •The Future Simple tense denotes:
- •Facts to be remembered
- •Types of Questions General
- •Special (except the subject)
- •Special (to the subject)
- •Reading Activity a Letter to a Friend
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •Continuous tenses
- •Present Continuous Tense
- •Past Continuous Tense
- •Future Continuous Tense
- •Pronouns some, any, no
- •Reading Activity Numbers
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •To have to
- •Should, ought to
- •Reading Activity Four Basic Operations of Arithmetic
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •Grammar Rules Patterns.
- •Reading Activity Rational numbers and decimal numerals
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •Degrees of Comparison
- •Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives:
- •Types of Comparisons
- •Perfect Continuous
- •Facts to be remembered
- •Reading Activity The Nature of Algebra
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •Monomials and Polynomials
- •Unit 7
- •Reading Activity Equations and Identities
- •Post-Reading Activity
- •Unit 8
- •Reading Activity Polynomials
- •Post-Reading Activity
Should, ought to
Present Should (not), ought (not) to |
Future Should (not), ought (not) to |
Past |
Should (general advice) следует, должен |
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You should try again. Why should I go there? |
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Ought to (moral obligation, laws, rules) следует, должен |
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You ought to tell your parents the truth. You ought to keep to the speed limit. |
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Probability |
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It’s 10 o’clock. He should/ought to be at work. It shouldn’t be difficult to get there. |
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Ex. 7. Analyze the following sentences and translate them into Russian.
1. You shouldn’t miss lectures and seminars if you want to pass the exams. 2. If you want to know mathematics you should work hard at it. 3. Doctor, what should I do? 4. You ought to go further with this investigation. 5. Ought you to tell everybody what has happened? 6. You ought not to participate in their useless argument. 7. You should switch off your mobile in class. 8. They ought to ban smoking in public places.
Pre-Reading Activity
Guess the meaning of the following words.
Decimal [`desIm(q)l] adj, combination [,kOmbI`neISqn] n, positive [`pozItIv] adj, negative [`negqtIv] adj, symbol [`sImbql] n, plus [plAs] n, minus [`maInqs] n, indicate [`IndIkeIt] v, sum [sAm] n, product [`prodqct] n, numeration [,nju:mq`reISqn] n, base [beIs] n, arithmetic [q`rITmqtIk] n, system [`sIstIm] n, represent [,reprI`zent] v
Read and learn the basic vocabulary terms.
number (n) [`nAmbq] число, количество; v перечислять
numeral (n) [`nju:mqrql] цифра, символ, число
digit (n) [`dIGIt] цифра
value (n) [`vxlju:] величина, значение; (v) ценить
derive (v) [dI`raIv] происходить, получать
introduce (v) [,Intrq`djHs] вводить, представлять, знакомить
denote (v) [dI`nqut] обозначать, отмечать, означать
determine (v) [dI`tE:mIn] определять, устанавливать
invent (v) [In`vent] изобретать, создавать, придумывать, открыть
enable (v) [I`neIb(q)l] давать возможность, делать возможным
appear (v) [q`pIq] появляться
sign (n) [saIn] n знак, v подписывать
addition (n) [q`dIS(q)n] сложение
add (v) [xd] складывать
addend (n) [x`dend] слагаемое
subtraction (n) [sqb`trxkS(q)n] вычитание
subtract (v) [sqb`trxkt] вычитать
minuend (n) [`mInjuqnd] уменьшаемое
subtrahend (n) [`sAbtrqhend]вычитаемое
difference (n) [`dIfqrqns] разность
inverse (adj) [In`vE:s] обратный, противоположный
multiplication (n) [,mAltIplI`keIS(q)n] умножение
multiply (v) [`maltIplaI] умножать
multiplicand (n) [,mAltIplI`kxnd] множимое
multiplier (n) [`mAltIplaIq] множитель
factor (n) [`fxktq] сомножитель; v разложить на множители
division (n) [dI`vIZqn]деление
divide (v) [dI`vaId] делить
dividend (n) [`dIvIdent] делимое
divisor (n) [dI`vaIzq] делитель
quotient (n) [`kwquSqnt] частное
meaningless (adj) [`mJnINlIs] бессмысленный
Memorize the following word combinations
(the former)/ the latter – (первый из вышеупомянутых)/ последний (из вышеупомянутых)
no matter how great – неважно, насколько большое
ten times as great – в десять раз больше
the number to be made smaller – число, которое должно быть уменьшено
since – так как
the number resulting from multiplication – число, являющееся результатом умножения
therefore - следовательно
what is left over – то, что осталось
whenever – всегда, когда бы ни
except – за исключением