Упражнения
1
1. производить доставку
2. широкий ассортимент товаров
3. существующие ресурсы
4. необходимый для выживания
5. сверх того, что необходимо для выживания
6. предлагать услуги
7. повышать эффективность на рабочем месте
8. рисковать
9. открыть новое дело/бизнес 10. внедрить новый продукт
2
1. В терминах экономики, товар — это физический объект, который можно купить.
2.Необходимость выбора происходит из-за проблемы нехватки.
3.Ресурсы, которые могут использоваться для производства товаров и услуг, называются движущими силами производства.
4.Природный ресурс может рассматриваться как движущая сила производства только в том случае, если он используется для производства товаров и оказания услуг.
5.Экономисты проводят жесткое разграничение между средствами производства и товарами народного потребления.
6. Технический прогресс в области компьютерной технологии, к примеру, значительно повысил эффективность на рабочем месте.
3
The study of the choices people make in a effort to satisfy their wants and needs is called economics.
A service is an action or activity done for others for a fee.
The people who make the goods and provide services that satisfy consumers’ wants and needs are called producers.
Wants are those goods or services that people consume beyond what is needed for survival.
Resources that can be used to produce goods and services are called factors of production.
The money and capital goods that are used to produce consumer products are called capital resources.
The use of science to create new products or more efficient ways to produce products is called technology.
The entrepreneur is a person who attempts to start a new business or introduce a new product.
4
1. factor of production
2. natural resources
3. human resources
4. survival
5. to start a new business
6. for a fee
7. consumer goods
8. capital goods
9. technological advances
10. to introduce a new product
5
1. The term ‘product’ is often used to name both goods and services
2. Economists generally classify the goods or services that are necessary for survival as needs.
3. Any human effort exerted in the production process is classified as human resource.
4. The goal of entrepreneurship is to create a new product or new factors of production and thereby create something of value.
5. Because the messenger is using the bicycle to make deliveries - to provide a service - the bicycle is considered a capital good.
6. Scarcity exists because people’s wants and needs are greater than the resources available to satisfy them.
6
1-e, 2-a, 3-f, 4-c, 5-d, 6-b.
8
JAMES: Hello, James Brown speaking.
BRIAN: Good morning. My name is Brian Carpenter. I’ve just seen an advertisement in the ‘International Herald Tribune’. It said you were looking for a Sales Manager.
I’m very interested in this appointment.
JAMES: Well, would you please give me some details about yourself. What did you say your name was?
BRIAN: Brian Carpenter.
JAMES: Fine. And what about your qualifications, Mr. Carpenter?
BRIAN: I got my BSc in Management. 1 went to Columbia University.
JAMES: OK. Then tell me please about your work experience.
BRIAN- My last position was a Sales Manager for Brown & Brown. Before that I worked for Cornway Motors for 8 years.
JAMES: Good. I think, we can invite you for an interview on Tuesday morning, 10 a.m.
BRIAN: Thank you. Good-bye.
JAMES: Good-bye. Thank you for calling.
9
1-h, 2-f, 3-b, 4-e, 5-g, 6-j, 7-d, 8-c, 9-a, 10-i
10
1. I’ve applied for several jobs without success.
2. My son has been offered a job in Tokyo.
3. I’ve taken a job at a hotel in the city centre.
4. CV is a document giving details of your qualifications and the jobs you have had in the past.
5. I’ve been in this job for five years now.
6. Dan left his job after an argument with his boss.
7. Many steelworkers are worried that they’ll lose their jobs.
8. He’s attending a job interview this morning.
9. There are not many job opportunities in this part of the country.
10. Workers questioned rated job satisfaction as more important than high salary.