Упражнения по грамматической теме "инфинитив: функции определения, дополнения и части сказуемого"

Функции:

А. определение (всегда правое)

1 употребляется только форма Infin. Indef.

2 перевод: 1)неопр. ф. глагола;

2) существительным;

3) личной формой глагола.

Примечание: инфинитив в страдат. залоге выражает долженствование действия в будущем

The task to translate this text. Задание перевести этот текст.

The next student to translate this text. Следующий студент,

который переведет этот текст.

The text to be translated. Текст, который нужно перевести.

1. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, выделяя инфинитив.

А 1. No documents exist to tell us who first began thinking about why we eat. 2. The contribution made by food to the body depends upon its constituents and the ability of the body to utilize them. 3. The ability of the plant to build starch and the ability of the animal to utilize it were known long ago. 4. The classification of proteins is based upon their ability to support normal growth and to maintain life. 5. The minimum intake of vitamins to prevent some diseases has been well established by nutritionists. 6. The only way to maintain the balance of calcium in the body is to take it in a sufficient quantity with the food. 7. The necessity to supply a body with energy is evident.

B. 1. The foodstuffs to be recognized essential for good nutrition should be rich in vitamins. 2. They have tested the instruments to be applied in the study of B-complex vitamins. 3. The article to be translated concerns the significance of vitamins in the human diet. 4. The first problem to be discussed at the next lecture is the role of food constituents in nutrition. 5. The substance to be exposed to sun light may change its properties as it is not stable to light.

2. Сравните данные пары словосочетаний.

the results to be analysed – результаты, которые нужно проанализировать

the results analysed by us – результаты, анализируемые (- ванные) нами

1. the method to be introduced; the method introduced into our practice; 2. the substance to be investigated; the substance investigated in the laboratory; 3. the compound to be dissolved; the compound dissolved in water; 4. the destruction to be prevented; the destruction prevented by vitamin E; 5. the solids to be mixed; the solids mixed for the experiment; 6. the metal to be transformed into powder; the metal transformed into powder; 7. the solution to be exposed to light; the solution exposed to light; 8. the foodstuffs to be stored; the foodstuffs stored for a long time; 9. the material to be treated; the material treated with strong acid; 10 .the amount to be measured; the amount measured by a special device

3. Замените придаточное определительное предложение соответствующей формой инфинитива.

1. The word “staples” means foods which must be included into the human diet. 2. Any living organism requires energy which is to be supplied by the food eaten. 3. Foods that supply a human body with energy are rich in proteins, carbohydrates and fats. 4. One of the problems which must be considered in food manufacturing is the nutritive value of foodstuffs. 5. The research which will begin next week concerns the composition of the new milk product.

Б. Дополнение

• перевод: 1) неопределенной формой глагола

2)существительным

Переведите на русский язык.

1. It was recommended to test this food product for vitamin content. 2. Our everyday life leads us to think that there exists only one sugar,but this is wrong. 3. If you would like to see proteins, look at the white of an egg which is almost all protein and water. 4. Many organic chemists have attempted to determine the exact chemical structure of vitamins. 5. Propar conditions of storage help to prolong the shelf-life of foods. 6. A cold climate tends to make the energy reqiuirements higher than a warm one under similar conditions

В.часть сказуемого

• перевод: 1) неопределенной формой глагола

2)существительным

Переведите на русский язык.

1. Cellulose used in the diet is to provide material for certain regulatory processes. 2. The object of the research was to estimate fat content of the compound. 3. Scientists continue to investigate the problems of food preservation. 4. No scientist has been able to produce fats from carbohydrates in his laboratory. 5. One of the functions performed by fats is to form a protective layer around the nerves. 6. The chemical composition of the product was to be tested for the stability to long storage.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ПО ГРАММАТИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕМЕ "МНОГОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОСТЬ"AS, FOR, SINCE"