VIII.Literature between the two world wars

adherent (n) (;: d'htorontj npHuep>Kcttcu

engross (u) (tn'grous) JaoJJa.n.crb, JaHHM3Tb neurology (n) [njuo'rJbd3t) HcopoJJortt!l

obsession ( n) ( ab'seJn) tta DRJ•t HDan HACfl

psychoanalist (n) (.satkou'ren· 'leJJooeK, JattHMatoWHHC!l ncHXO·

altslj 3H3J1H30M

shrewd (a) [Jru:dj npoHHuarcJJbttbtii, roHt<ttt"t

subconsciousness ( n)

['sA b'k:JnJasn ts) target (n) ('la:gtl) upheaval (n) [11p'hi:v;: l) uprtstng (n) (Ar'ratzttJ)

KATHERINE MANSFIELD

deadlock (n) ['dcdl;: k) explicit (a) [tks'pltsttj extravagant (a) [tks'lrrevt-

ganl)

insight (n) ['tnsatlj intuition (n) (.tntju:'tJn) perception (n) [pJ:'scpSn) ruthless (a) ('ru81ts)

subtle (a) (sAIIJ

RICIIARD ALDINGTON

antimilitary (a) ('rent1 m1;

1t t;:,nI

core (n) [k:J:) corpse ( n) [bps) infantry (n) ['tnf;mlrt) out of man's guts [gAls)

permissible (a) [pJ'mtsabl)

184

IIOI!C03113HIIC

ueJtb

c.n.ottr, nepeoopor

UDCCT<IIIHC

rynHK

no,1p06ttbllf, RCHLIH

p <ICTO'I HTCJI Lll bl jj

npOIIIIU<IH,lbiiOCTb, IIOIIHM3HHe

HIITYHUHR

BOCIIpH!lTHC, OWYWC)IHC

6cJ>K3JlOCTHLtti

TOIIKIIH, YTOII'lCHHblli

a II Til DOell fl btft

CC[JilUCDIIIIa, CYTb rpyn

ncxora

KpODbiO CCpll1l3

JlOIIYCTHMbtt"t, IIOJUOJIIITeJlbllbiH

pretentious (a) [prt'tenJas] private (n) ['pratvttj ARCHIBALD CRONIN convalesce (u) [.bnv;J'IesJ oulbreak (n) ['aulbretk[

practilioner (n) [pr<£k'ltSna]

sewer (n) [sju;J]

viviseclion ( n) [.vivi'sckJn]

npCTCIII!H03HbiH, H2nb!WeHIIblii pHllODOfl

Dl>l3!lOpa DJI H 03 TU

R3p1>1D, DCObii!IKJ, Rlle3311110C lla·

aJTO (DOCilllbiX JlCHCTDIIll)

11paKTHKYIOWilli 0pa•1

CTO IIaR Tpy6a

RHDHCCKI!Hil (DCKpbiTHC )f{HDilrO

opraiiHJMa C uay HOH llt'JiblO)

IX. LITERATURE FR<tM THE 1940s TO THE 1990s

_{JAMES ALDRIDGE}

hamper (u) ('h mpo]

highway (n) ('hatwet]

npcnRTCTBOil3Tl>

6oJJt.WaR !lOpora, wocce, r"asublii nyrb

Intensification

ft'kctfn]

(n) Jtn,lensl-

yciiJJellllC, IIIITeiiCH<jJIIKaUfiR

messenger boy ( n) ('mesm<fja]

GRAHAM GREENE

after-effect (n) (a:ftart'fckt]

believer (n) (bt'li:va] creed (11) (kri:d[ damned (a) (d<rmd[

detection (n) [dt'tekJn[

gap (n) [g<rp[

identity [at'dcnttll]

non·commillal (a, n)

[n)nka'mtll[

predicament ( n)

[prt'dtkomont]

retrospective (a) [.rctrou'spek- ttv(

CHARLES PERCY SNOW

ambition (n) r m'btfn]

bureaucratic (a)

[. b j uaro'kr ttk I

Civil Service ['stvll'so:vts] commissioner ( n) [ka'mtfn;J] First Class Honours Degree frail (a) [fred]

labyrinth (n) ['l;rbmnO[

vain (a) [vctn[

p a cc biJJ b11 btii

nOCJICJlCTBHe oepyiOWHH

KpCilO, y6c)f{;tCilHR

11pOK;JRTblil o611apy)f{eiiHC

npo6eJI, paCXQ)f{JleHIIC ( BO B3f,lfl·

!laX)

II ll!lH B H,l}' a Jl I>IIOCTb

yK,lOII fiBblii; YKJIOII IlllOCTb rpyllHOc noJJO)f{CIIHC

perpocnCKTHDIIbiH, o()paWCIIIIblli K

npOIIJJIOMY

CCTOIII0611C, UCJib, MC'ITa

6topoKp a TH 'lee Klllt

rocy!lapcrneHH211 CJiylf<lia

HIIODIIIIK uay•111211 CTCIICilb xpynKHfi

Jla6HpHIIT TWCCJI3Bilblil

185

JOHN OSBORNE

ascribe (v) [;)'skrarbJ

belief (n) (bi'IHJ

disbelief (n) ('disbi'Ii:f]

harsh (a) [ha:JJ

setting (n) [seli!JJ

yobs (n) (j.)bz(

ALAN SILLITOE

average (11) \'<£vend3] dilemma (n) (di'IemaJ exotic (a) (eg'z:>!Ik]

filthy (a) ('fli8I) fury (n) [lju;m] merit (n) ['men!]

philistinism (n) ('fiiistirllzm] prominent (a) ('pDminant] relative (a) ('rela!Iv] resentment (n) (rl'zenlm :mtj standpoint (n) ('sta:!dp:>mt] tedium (n) ['ti:djZJlTI]

SID CHAPLIN

caterer ( n) ('kcit;HZJ] community (n) (b'rnju:mii] decline (n) (d1'klain) housing (n) ('hauZIIJ) teenager ( n) l'ti:ncid3; J

THE PHILOSOPHICAL

NOVEL

alienation (n)

(.edja'neiJanJ

existentialism ( n)

(.egzis'tenJalrzam]

chaotic (a) (ei':>IIk]

indifference (n) (m'difaransJ:·

permeate (v) ('pa:miert]

WILLIAM GOLDING

abyss (n) (a'b1s]

abnormal (n) (; b'n:>:mal\

alternate ( v) [':>:1 (;J:nci t]

186

rip1!11KCbiB3Tb (KoMy·ni4CiO)

nepa, y6c>KJJ.CIIHn ucnepHe

pe3KHH, rpy6blil, >KCCTKHH OKpy>KaiOU!JR 06CT3HOBK3; Olj!Op·

MJICilHC (C11CKT3KJ111)

CA3Hl." napiiH

CpCD.HHii, CpCJlHCe '!HCJJO D.HJICMM3

3K30Tf1'lCCKitH

rpn311 blH, OTBpaTHTCJJ bHYH HCHCTOBCTBO, RpOCTb

)l.OCTOHHCTBO MCU!311CTBO Bblii.310U!Hiic!l, BHJI.IlblH OTIIOCHTeJJbllbiH

HHOJ(OBa llfiC, BOJMYU!CHHC TO'lK3 3pe11HII

CI<YK3

nocTaUIUHK 11p0BH3MH

o6u.t1t11a

yua.n.oK

CH36iKCIIIIC >KMnbCM

noD.pocToK

OT'IY>KILCIHIC

3K3HCTC11Uit3J!HJM X30TH'IIIhlH

6c3p33JJ H•IHC

np011H3bi03Tb

6cJJJ.IIa, nponiiCTb

IICIIOpMaJlbllblH

'!epeJLOBiiTbC!I

atrocity (n) [;,'lrJslll]

conch (n) [kJQk[

disposition (n) [.d1sp;:,'z1San] inherent (a) [1n'h1oronlj matted (a) ['rn<et1d]

prophet (n) ['pDfilj revel (u) [rcvlj

spill (u) [spd] vicious (a) ['v1S;:,s] wreckage (n) ['rck1d3] wrench (v) [rentS!

IRIS MURDOCH

abbey (n) [';:eb1] anguish (n) [ IJQWIJ"I crumble (v) [krAmbl] Easter Rebellion ['i:st ]

enchantment (n) [m'ISa;nlmant]

entangled (a) [in'ta:ugld] famine (rz) ['fa:rmnj fictitious (a) [hk'tJS;:.s} spell (rz) [spel]

JOHN FOWLES

make a breakthrough

['brc1k'8ru I

brutality (n) [bru'ta-lil1] indulge (v) [m'dAid3] inferiority complex

[in.[I;:.ri';m\1]

kidnap (v) ['k1dnap] pools (n) [pu:lz] reject (v) [r1'd3ckt]

secluded (a) [si'klu:d1d[

specimen (rz) ['spec1mm] triangle (n) ['tral<£1]gl] whim (n) [wirn]

THE SATIRICAL NOVEL

amendment (n) ];:,'mcndm;:,nt]

folly (n) ['bll]

integrity (n) [1n'tegril1]

MURIEL SPARK

applicant (n) ['<eplikant)

)KCCTOKOCTh, JOCf'CTOO

[l<lKOOIIIla

CKJIOIIIIOCTI> ll[lO)K/lCIIII cnyTalllll.li'l

^11popoK

ynuaaTbCH, 113CJ13lKJl3TbC!l npoiiHOaTL

JJJOH, nopo•lllblii

OCT3TKH, o6JJOMKII

Obi!!CpTbl llbii!Opa4HBaTb

a66 TCTBO, MOHaCTblpb MyKa, 6o:1b paCCbi!I3TLC!l nacXallbiiOC BOCCT3HI1C

043pOB3HHC JanyTannhi f0JIU,1

Bbl M bl UJJ!CH llbli't o6an11uc

npo6HTLC!l

)KCCTOKOCTb liOTaKaTL

KOMIIJJCKC IICIIOJifiOUCIIIIOCTII

!10XIIIll3TL KOfO-.lH60

CI10pTH Oil a II !IOTepCSI OTBCpraTb yeJJ.HIICIIIIblll

o6paJeU rpcyroJJLHHK npHXOTb

HcnpaBJJCIIHC lleJlOCT3TKOB

rnynocrb

UCJJOCTIIOCTb

187

bribery (n) ['bra1b;m)

burglar (n) {'ba:glaj cheat (n) [!Ji:t]

demagogue (n) ['dcmag;>g)

disreputable (a) [dJs'rcpjulabl)

drug-taker (n) ['drAg te1ka)

fake (a) (re1k)

generosity ( n) (<bcna'Dslh) meanness (n) ['mi:n1sj remorse ( n) [n'm:J:s J

retain (v) [n'le1nj

second-rate (a) [re1t] sinister (a) ['swJslaJ sponger (n) ['spAnd3;J) suspense (n) [sAs'pens) treachery (rr) {'tretJanJ

SCIENCE FICTION annihilation (n) [a,naJa'leJfnl devastating (a) ['devastelliiJ] efficiency (n) [l'fJf;JnsJ] expectation of life [.1kspek

le1Sn)

fortitude (n) ['b:tJijud)

galaxy ( n) ['g;elaksJ I

get across ( v) ['get ;J'kDsI

impetus (n) ('1mp11asl prophecy (n) ('pnfasJ] reckless (a) ['rekl1s] rescue (n) ('reskju:J

sloth (n) ['slou8j slumber (V) ['siAmbal

sordid (a) ['s:J:d1d]

nOJJ.Kyn, RJilTO'IIlll'leCTnO BJJIOM lllH K

06MaH, 06M3HU1HK

.1\CMaror

IIOJ11>3YIOUlHHCJJ Jlypuoii pcnyra- UHCH

uapKoMau

<tJaJTblllHBbiH UleJlpOCTb nOJlJIOCTI>, II H30CTb

yrphlJCHHil COBCCTH coxpaiiRTb nocpeJlcrocuu bl ii

3JIODClUHH

nplUKHB3J1

HanpRlKCIIBOe OlKH)l3HHe n pe)la TCJI bCTBO

YHH4TOM<euue paJpyWHTeJlbiii>IH yMeuHe, pacroponHOCTb

npO,'(OJllKHTCJlhllOCTb lKH311H

CTOHKOCTb fJJIJKTHKJ

JlOIICCTH, pa3bllCIIHTb

TOJ140K

npopo•JCCTIJO

6eJpaccyJliii>JH

cnaccHHC JICHb

JtpeM a Tb

yM<aCHbiH, OTBpaTHTCJTbHblH

_{liST OF ITERARY TERMS}

accent ['<eks;mt] account (;J'kauntj aestheticism [i:s'8e!Jslzmj act [<rkl]

Alexandrine [.<rlig'z;endraln)

allegory ['acl1gan] alliteration [a'IJie'relfn] allusion [a'lu:3an I

"Angry Young Men"

188

YJ13pCHHe

OT4eT, C006UlCHHe, paccKaJ

3CTeTH3M

JKT, )leiicTBHC JJICKCJHApHHCKHH CTHX anncropHR

JJIJIHTepauHR

3JIJ1103Hil, CChiJTKa

«cepJlHTble MOJIOJJ.biC JTIO.II.A»

antagonist [a>n'l g;Jntsl] anti utopia ['a' n I 1 j u=' I o up j ;1 [ Art for Art's sake

aside [o'satd[

aU lobi 0 gr a phy [.J:Io b a 1'Jgr ;J f I)

B

ballad ['ba>lod]

bestiary ['bcslton]

c canto ['k<£nlou J chapter ['IJ<£pla]

^{character I'k;erak la]}

chorus I'b:ras J

climax ['klatmJks] collection [b'lekSn] comedy l'bmtdt]

compositon {.k.Jmpa'ztSn]

contents ['bntents] contradiction [,bntro'dtkSn] couplet ['kApld]

criticism ['knttstzm] culmination [,kAimt'netSn] cycle [satklj

0

decadence ('dekadans J description [dts'krtpSn] device [dt'vats]

dialect ('dat<Jiektj dialogue ('dataiJg] digression ldat'greSn] distnpia (di ;'toupt<l\ ditty ['ddt]

drama l'drCl:mv]

dramatist ['dr::em"llsl]

E

editor l'edda]

Enlghtenment ltn'latlnmantj

Early Enlightenment

Mature Enlightenment

aurarotti!CT, concpt!HK, nporH tii!K

<lllTHYTOIJll>l

HcKyccrflo pa, orcryn;tettHC

a nrolhtorpa ljm>J

6aJIJIa.11a

6ecntapHi\

nCCIIh

fJl3B3

repoi\, Jtci\crnytowee JlHllO

xop, npttncs KYJlbMHI\3UI!51 c6op111-1K

KOMC 11H51

KOMn03HUH51

CO.llCp;>t<a llllC

nponmope< He

ilBYCTHUIHe

KpHn\Ka KYJlbMH113UI!H UHKII

.llCK3)lCHTCTDO OnHC311HC npHeM

)lHa.1eKT

AH3J\Of

orcrynJJeH 11e

31\THYTOflH!I neceuKa ApaMa ApaMarypr

pe,lla KTO[l

npocseW!'IIHC

paHI!ee n.

_{3peJJOC n.}

189

Lat Enlightenment

_{IIOJ!lllee n.}

environment epic ]'ep1k]

[ •n'v a 1aranman\l

OK[ly>KeHHe, C[lell.a

3nH4CCK3R nD3M3

enigram ]'ep1gra-m] episode ['ep1soud] epoch ['i:pJk]

epopee ['epoupi]

essay ['ese1]

existentialism [.egz1

lll;:>m]

extract ['ekslr;:>kt]

F

fable [fc•bl] fabliau ('l<£bilou] fantasy ('la-ntas1]

fiction ('i•kJn]

finale (i•'na:l1]

form [b:m]

G

generalisation ]d3enarala1'­

ze•Jn] genre (3a:or] grotesque ]grou' tcsk J

H

hero ]'hl<lrou]

3nHrpaMMa

311HJD!l.

3noxa

3nonen

3CCC, 04epK

3K311CTellllH3JIHJM DTpblBOK

npHT43 ljla6JIIlO cflaHT33HR

JJHTeparypa, xyAo>KecraeHHan npoJa

ljJHH3JI Jt>opMa

o6o6weHHe

>K311p rpOTCCK

rJianllbiH repoi\

heroic couplet

'kApiJtj

heroine ('herou1n]

historical chronicle

('knmkl]

[h-•'rou1k

rcpoH4CCKHH KynJieT (KJiaccHtte­

cKoe llBYCTHWHe)

repoH H n

HCTO[lH4CCK3R XpOHHKa

humanism ('hju:m<llllzm]

humour ['hjum<J]

hymn (h•m]

hyperbole (ha1'pJ:bah]