- •Lectures on lexicology lecture 1
- •Introduction. The subject matter of lexicology
- •Lecture 2. The etymological peculiarities of the english vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Audio – слухати; porto – носити, доставляти;
- •Autos, automates – сам; logos – вчення;
- •Fully assimilated,
- •Partially assimilated,
- •Unassimilated.
- •Lecture 3. The morphemic structure of the english word
- •Exercises
- •Those formed by juxtaposition;
- •Those with a vowel or a consonant as a linking element;
- •Subordinative.
- •Lecture 4. Word formation
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Absolute antonyms (white - black);
- •Mixed antonyms (correct - incorrect, wrong).
- •Lecture 6. English phraseology/ classification of phraseological units
- •Word combinations;
- •Phraseological units;
- •Phraseological fusions.
- •Lecture 7. Stylistic differentiation of english vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •A. Irish Variant
- •B. Scottish Variant
- •Lecture 8. The english language in the usa
- •Exercises
- •Lecture 9. Lexicography
- •Exercises
- •Contents
- •Introduction. The subject matter of lexicology.
- •The subject matter of lexicology.
- •Lexicology in its relations to grammar, phonology and stylistics.
- •Література
Exercises
Exercise 1. Comment on the opposition of stylistically marked and stylistically neutral words. Arrange the following words into stylistically marked and stylistically neutral.
Accommodation, beautiful, chap, deem, domestic, eve, evening, fair, father, forenoon, get, girl, home, fellow, horse, kill, labial, lip, maiden, main, mental, mind, morning, naught, nothing, obtain, parent, room, sea, slay, solar, steed, sunny, think.
Exercise 2. a) Analyse the following synonymic series and classify its members according to their stylistic character, b) Give their Ukrainian/Russian equivalents.
to be called to one's account, |
to go to Abraham's bosom, |
to be gathered to one's fathers, |
to go to glory, |
to breathe (to gasp) one's last, |
to go to heaven, |
to cross the river, |
to go to one's last home, |
to cross the Stygian ferry (the Styx), |
to go to one's long rest, |
to cut the cable, |
to hop the stick (the twig), |
to depart out of this world, |
to join the great majority, |
to depart to God, |
to kick the bucket, |
to drop a cue, |
to kick up one's heels, |
to drop off the hooks, |
to pay the debt of nature. |
Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian/Russian. Pick out colloquialisms.
1.1 feel like the first man because I have hardly got a stitch on and am sent against the frozen fields in a shimmy and shorts. (Sl.) 2. Don't I come out three mornings a week on my long-distance running, which is fifty times better than boozing. (Sl.) 3. But anyhow we were all kids then. (Sl.) 4. It's a good job I can only think of these things as fast as I can write with this stub of pencil that's clunched in my paw, otherwise I'd have dropped the whole thing weeks ago. (Sl.) 5. The time was autumn and the night foggy enough to set me and my mate Mike roaming the streets when we should have been rooted in front of the telly or stuck into a plush posh seat at the pictures, but I was restless after six weeks away from any sort of work and well you might ask me why I'd been bone-idle for so long. (Sl.) 6. And when the dough ran out I didn't think about anything much, but just roamed the streets looking for another job. (Sl.)
Exercise 4. Comment on special terms. Pick out special terms from the extracts below. State what branch of science or sphere of life they belong to.
Acute leukaemia is more indolent than has been thought. There is good precedence for it in other haematology disorders.
The word plays such a crucial part in the structure of language that we need a special branch of linguistics to examine it in all its aspects. This branch is called Lexicology and it forms, next to Phonology, the second basic division of linguistic science.
A fraction is a part of some thing which is treated as a whole or a unit. In arithmetic, a proper fraction is a number which represents a part, that is, a number which is less than 1. In writing a common fraction, two numbers are used, called the numerator and denominator.
The most important combinations of sulphur and oxygen are sulphur dioxide SO, and sulphur trioxide SO3, which form with water sulphurous acid H,SO3 and sulphuric acid H,SO4.
Exercise 5. Comment on the concept Slang. The following are some slang words and phrases. Mind their vulgar, cynical and harsh sounding.
Face: mug, phiz.
Head: attic, brain-pan, hat peg, upper storey.
Girl, woman: baby, baggage, chick(en), doll, mouse, witch.
Money: beans, brass, buttons, dibs, dough, chink.
Drunk: boozy, cock-eyed, high.
To have a drink: to crack a bottle, to wet one's whistle, to be on the booze.
Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian/Russian. Comment on slang words and phrases in bold type.
1. Tell the old bag to mind her own business. 2.1 need some dough to buy some groceries. 3.1 need to get some bread to live on. 4. Who's the doll I saw you with last night? 5. Let's go out and booze up! 6.1 am too muggy to drive. 7. Wipe that smile off your mug! 8. He's been drinking since noon and is pretty wet. 9. Hard liquor makes people soft.
Exercise 7. Read the following excerpts and point out typical features of Irish and Scottish variants of English.