Exercises

Exercise 1. Analyse V. Myuller's Anglo-Russian Dictionary; state what type it belongs to; comment on the principles of selection of words, structure of dictionary entry, what information about a word can be deduced from the dictionary entry.

Exercise 2. Analyse I.Galpcrin's Big Anglo-Russian Dictionary, state what type it belongs to; comment on the principles of selection of words, structure of dictionary entry; what information about a word can be deduced from the dictionary entry.

Exercise 3. Analyse the dictionaries: The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Webster's New World Dictionary.

Exercise 4. Choose one word out of the following list: head, hand, arm, body, thing, to go, to tab to be and analyse its dictionary entry and its semantic structure as presented in the following dictionaries:

1. V. Myuller's Anglo-Russian Dictionary;

2. The Concise Oxford English Dictionary;

3. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles;

4. The Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English by L. S. Hornby

Contents

1. Introduction. The subject matter of lexicology.

   0. The subject matter of lexicology.

   1. Lexicology in its relations to grammar, phonology and stylistics.

2. The etymological peculiarities of the English vocabulary.

   0. Assimilation. Ways of assimilation.

   1. Borrowed words.

   2. International words.

   3. Archaisms.

   4. Neologisms.

   5. Semantic borrowings and translation-loans.

   6. Dialecticisms and slang.

3. The morphemic structure of the English word.

   0. Morphemes. Root morphemes.

   1. Affixes (prefixes, suffixes).

   2. Stems.

   3. Structural types of English words.

4. Word formation.

   0. Word formation – general notes.

   1. Affixation.

   2. Compounding (Composition).

   3. Reduplication.

   4. Phrasal verbs.

   5. Conversion.

   6. Substantivation.

   7. Adjectivization.

   8. Phrasal nouns.

   9. Shortening.

   10. Abbreviation.

   11. Back-formation (Reversion).

   12. Blending,

   13. Minor types of word-formation: change of stress.

   14. Sound interchange.

   15. Sound imitation (Onomatopoeia).

   16. Lexicalization of the plural of nouns.

5. Semasiology.

   0. Lexical meaning and semantic structure of English words.

   1. Change of meaning.

   2. Transference of names resulting from tropes.

   3. Semantic groups of words. Semantic relations in paradigmatics. Synonyms.

   4. Euphemisms.

0. Homonyms.

1. Paronyms.

2. Semantic relations in paradigmatics. Semantic fields. Hyponomy.

3. Functional semantic classes.

1. English phraseology. Classification of phraseological units.

   0. Classification of phraseological units based on the semantic principle.

   1. Classification based on the structural principles.

   2. Classification according to the difference in their functions in the acts of communication.

   3. Semantic relations in phraseology.

2. Stylistic differentiation of English vocabulary.

   0. Stylistically neutral words.

   1. Literary-bookish words.

   2. Colloquial words.

3. The English language in the USA.

   0. Vocabulary.

   1. Spelling.

   2. Foreign elements.

   3. Pronunciation.

   4. Grammar.

4. Lexicography.

   0. The main notions of lexicography.

   1. Types of dictionaries.