- •2. Which words / phrases are used: a) to list and add points; b) to show contrast?
- •Compare and contrast Freud's and Erlkson'I theories.
- •3. Using the Internet, And additional information on e. Erikson and z. Freud's biographies and share It with your partner.
- •1. Read the following nouns and give their equivalents in Russian:
- •1. Read the text and mark the following sentences t (true) or f (false).
- •2. Find the linking words in the text below and describe their function.
- •1. Find the meaning of the following nouns in the dictionary.
- •2. Select the appropriate word from the list given above and write in the space adjacent to the definition.
- •8. A large amount or number.
- •Read the following adverbs and find the verbs which are characterized by them.
- •1. Read the text and mark the following sentences t (true) or f (false).
- •1. Read the following nouns and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •2. Select the appropriate word from the list above and write in the space adjacent to the definition.
- •3. Read the following adjectives and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •Match the adjectives given above to the nouns from Ex. 1. Make as many phrases as possible.
- •6. Read the following verbs and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •6. Find the linking words and expressions in Text 4 and explain their function (e.G.: yet, this is what..., for example, nonetheless, or, etc)
- •1. Read the following nouns and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •2. Select the appropriate word from the list and write in a space adjacent to the definition.
- •3. Read the following adjectives and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •Match the adjectives given above to the nouns from Ex. 1. Make ai many phrases as possible.
- •Read the following verbs and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •1. Read the text and mark the following sentences 1-5 t(true) or f(false).
- •1. Discuss the following issues.
- •2. Write a report on your observations of a child that displays accommodation and assimilation.
- •1. Read the following nouns and give their equivalents in Russian.
- •2. Select the appropriate word from the list and write in a space adjacent to the definition.
- •Form adverbs using -ly, -ally.
- •1. Discuss the following issues.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
1. Read the following nouns and give their equivalents in Russian.
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intimacy |
friendship |
generation |
glance |
generality |
isolation |
integrity |
gloom |
stagnation |
year |
despair |
solution |
adulthood |
route |
exposure |
concern |
commitment |
task |
circumstances |
resolution |
2. Select the appropriate word from the list above and write in the space adjacent to the definition.
1. A close relationship between people.
2. The state of being an adult.
3. A period of 365 or 366 days.
4. A state in which you feel separated from other people.
5. A quality of being one united and connected thing.
6. A feeling of unhappiness or despair.
7. A skill to assist the younger generation in
developing and leading useful lives.
age. 9.
8. All the people in a group or country who are of similar
10..
11.
_ Something that is inactive or unchanging. _ A faithful promise. A situation in which you are affected or influenced by
something.
12.
_ The conditions that affect what will happen in a
particular situation.
13.. 14.
A worry about a situation.
improve.
The feeling that everything is wrong and nothing can
mi r I i n
15. A relationship between two people who like each other
and enjoy spending time together.
16. A way from one point to another.
17. A piece of work that must be done.
18. A way of dealing with a difficult situation so that the
difficulty is removed.
19. To look at something very quickly and then look away
immediately.
20. A determination to do something or not to do
something.
3. Read the following adjectives and give their equivalents in Russian.
close useful proper
middle previous inevitable
chief retrospective bipolar
Match the adjectives given above to the nouns from Ex. 1. Make as many phrases as possible.
Form comparatives and superlatives using -er, -est, more, most.
early late
close uncomfortable
useful anxious
6. Read the following verbs and give their equivalents in Russian.
to describe to achieve to reveal
to find to assist to resolve
to lose to look back to yield
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to form to evaluate to trust
to survive to believe to dominate
6. Find the linking words and expressions in Text 4 and explain their function (e.G.: yet, this is what..., for example, nonetheless, or, etc)
READING
Read Text 4 and choose the best answer a), b), or c).
1. During the sixth developmental stage isolation...
is inevitable.
results if the young adult forms close relationship with another individual.
results if the young adult fails to form healthy friendships.
2. During the seventh developmental stage stagnation of middle-aged people is caused...
by inability to help younger generation.
by dissatisfaction with their own careers.
because they mistrust the younger generation.
3. A positive outlook of late adults is developed if...
the retrospective glances yield doubt or gloom.
they reveal a picture of a life well spent.
they don't take into account what they have done.
TEXT 4 Intimacy versus isolation is Erikson's sixth developmental stage, which individuals experience during the early adulthood years. At this time, individuals face the developmental task of forming intimate relationships with others. Erikson describes intimacy as finding oneself yet losing oneself in another. If the young adult forms healthy friendships and an intimate close relationship with another individual, intimacy will be achieved; if not, isolation will result.
_
Generativity versus stagnation is Erikson's seventh developmental stage, which individuals experience during middle adulthood. A chief concern is to assist the younger generation in developing and leading useful lives - this is what Erikson means by generativity. The feeling of having done nothing to help the next generation is stagnation.
Integrity versus despair is Erikson's eighth and final developmental stage, which individuals experience during late adulthood. In the later years of life, we look back and evaluate what we have done with our lives. Through many different routes, the older person may have developed a positive outlook in most or all of the previous stages of development. If so, the retrospective glances will reveal a picture of a life well spent, and the person will feel a sense of satisfaction-integrity will be achieved. If the older adult resolved many of the earlier stages negatively, the retrospective glances likely will yield doubt or gloom - the despair Erikson talks about.
Erikson does not believe the proper solution to a stage crisis is always completely positive in nature. Some exposure or commitment to the negative end of the person's bipolar conflict is sometimes inevitable - you cannot trust all people under all circumstances and survive, for example. Nonetheless, in the healthy solution to a stage crisis, the positive resolution dominates.
FOLLOW UP
Could you comment on the following words? Try to justify your point of
view.
"You come to a place in your life when what you've been is going to form what you will be. If you've wasted what you have in you, it's toe late to do much about it. If you've invested yourself in life, you're pretty certain to get a return. If you are inwardly a serious person, in the middle years it will pay off."
Lillian Hellman.
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UNIT 5 LEAD-IN