Кафедра ДМ 09 04 2013 / Киреев - Расчёт И Проектирование Зуборезных Инструментов
.pdfɌɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5. .
ɒɚɝ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɦɚ- |
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dɜ |
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ɥɢ |
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dao |
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dɨɬɜ |
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lmin |
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Ɉɬ |
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Ⱦɨ |
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0,5 |
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40 |
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ɑɢɫɥɨ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɮɪɟɡɵ z0 ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ: |
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ɩɪɢ |
dao ≤ 85 ɦɦ - z0 = 2; |
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ɩɪɢ dao > 90 ɦɦ - z0 = 4. |
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(5.36) |
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ɍɝɨɥ ɫɤɨɫɚ ɮɚɫɤɢ β2 ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɜɚɥɚ z. |
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z = 4 ÷ 8 - β2 = 35 |
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z = 0 ÷ 4 |
- β2 = 40 |
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(5.37) |
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z = 6 ÷ 20 - β2 = 45 |
$ . |
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ɋɤɨɫ ɮɚɫɤɢ ɨɬɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ Lc . |
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ɚ) ɉɪɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ |
ɮɚɫɤɢ «ɋ» ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɋmin ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ |
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ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ: |
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γ B = arcsin |
bp |
; αB = arccos |
Dp cosγ B |
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Dp |
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dw |
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Lc = |
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0,5Dp cos(α B − γ B )− 0,5dw |
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(5.38) |
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05
ɛ) ɉɪɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ɮɚɫɤɢ «ɋ» ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɋmin
ɪɚɫɱɟɬ Lc ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
γ B |
= |
π |
− arcsin |
bp |
;αB |
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= arccos |
Dp cosγ Bf |
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Dp |
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dw |
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Lc = |
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0,5Dp cos(α B |
− γ B |
)− 0,5dw |
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ȼɩɨɥɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ: |
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L/c |
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Dp − dw |
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ɜ) ȿɫɥɢ d w =Dp |
, ɬɨ Lc =0. |
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ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɮɚɫɤɢ |
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hɮ=ɋmax , |
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ɝɞɟ ɋmax – ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɮɚɫɤɢ ɧɚ
;
(5.39)
(5.40)
(5.4 )
(5.42)
ɲɥɢɰɟɜɨɦ ɜɚɥɭ.
Ɂɚɞɧɢɣ ɭɝɨɥ ɩɪɢ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɟ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ αɜ = 2$ . |
(5.43) |
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ɉɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɬɵɥɤɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
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K = |
πdao |
tgα |
ɜ |
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(5.44) |
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z0 |
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Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ Ʉ ɨɤɪɭɝɥɢɬɶ ɞɨ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚ0 =0,5 ɦɦ. |
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ɉɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɬɵɥɤɚ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ʉ = ( ,5÷ ,8)Ʉ. |
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ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ |
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h0 = hao + Lc + hɮ . |
(5.45) |
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Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɟɧɢɹ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ ɜɵ- |
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ɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ: |
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Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɟɟ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɢɹ |
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hk = (0,5 ÷ )ɦɦ. |
(5.46) |
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Ɍɨ ɠɟ – ɩɪɢ ɧɟɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɢɢ |
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hk = (K + 0,5) ɦɦ. |
(5.47) |
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ɒɢɪɢɧɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ |
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L =πDp −S |
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−2h tgβ |
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(α |
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−γ |
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)−(0,5d |
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sinα |
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−a)cosα |
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−2 |
0,5d |
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no |
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. (5.48) |
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ɋ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ |
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L = |
πd |
w |
− Sno |
− |
2hɮ |
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2L |
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c |
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(5.49) |
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z |
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tgβ 2 |
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tgα B |
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Ɋɚɞɢɭɫ r0 |
= ÷ 2 ɦɦ. |
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ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɛɭɪɬɢɤɚ (ɭɫɬɭɩɚ) ɧɚ ɲɥɢɰɟɜɨɦ ɜɚɥɭ, ɬ.ɟ. ɩɪɢ D ɭɫɬ > D, ɠɟ-
ɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɚ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɟɢɞɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ ɫ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɲɢɪɢɧɵ ɤ ɞɧɭ ɤɚ-
ɧɚɜɤɢ, ɬ.ɟ. ɫ ɭɝɥɨɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ βk = 5 |
$ . ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ |
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ɪɚɜɧɵ: |
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L |
= πDp − S |
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− 2h |
tgβ |
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(α |
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)− (0,5d |
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− a)cosα |
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no |
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− 2 |
0,5d |
w |
B |
− γ |
B |
w |
sinα |
B |
B |
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hk = K + (Dɭɫɬ − Dp ) 2 + 0,5; r0 = ɦɦ. |
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ɉɨɥɧɚɹ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ |
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h = h0 + hk . |
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(5.5 ) |
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Ⱦɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɫ ɭɫɢɤɚɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɭɫɢɤɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɨɪ- |
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ɦɭɥɚɦ: |
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- ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ ɨɬ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɹɦɨɣ ɞɨ ɭɫɢɤɚ |
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hɭɫ = |
dw − dp |
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(5.52) |
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-ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɭɫɢɤɚ b ɭɫ ɢ ɭɝɨɥ ɭɫɢɤɚ β ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɭɥɚɦ [ 5]:
δ F |
= arcsin |
aɰ |
, |
(5.53) |
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d p |
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ɝɞɟ ɚɰ – ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭɡɭɛɶɹɦɢ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. .2). |
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μ = arccos |
2 0,5dw − hao |
;ϕ = μ + δF ; |
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Sno |
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d p |
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XF |
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− 0,5dw ϕ + 0,5dp sinμ ; |
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bɭɫ |
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0,5dw (αmax − γ w )− (0,5dw sinαmax − a)cosαmax − XF |
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β |
= π − arctg |
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hao |
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;β0 |
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80 β |
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(5.54) |
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0,5dp sinμ |
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ɉɟɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɭɝɨɥ γ = 0 |
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(5.55) |
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Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɡɚɞɧɢɣ ɭɝɨɥ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ |
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ɤɪɨɦɤɟ |
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kz0 |
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(5.56) |
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αδ |
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=arctg |
πd |
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r |
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ao |
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w |
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Ⱦɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ α δ > $ . ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɭ
ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ r w . ɇɨ ɷɬɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɟ.
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ ɇɤ , ɪɚɞɢɭɫ ɡɚɤɪɭɝɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɠɟɱɧɨɣ ɤɚ-
ɧɚɜɤɢ rɤ , ɭɝɨɥ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ Θ (ɪɢɫ. .2):
ɚ) ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɫ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɚɦɢ
Hɤ |
= h + |
Ʉ + Ʉ |
+ ; |
(5.57) |
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ɛ) ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɫ ɧɟɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɚɦɢ |
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H |
Ʉ |
= h |
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Ʉ + Ʉ |
+(K +0,5)+ . |
(5.58) |
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Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɇK ɨɤɪɭɝɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɫ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɚ0 = 0,5 ɦɦ. |
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rK = 1 ÷ 2 ɦɦ; Θ = 22$ ; 25$ ; 30 |
$ . |
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Ȼɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɡɚɬɵɥɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɰɨɦ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ |
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ɨɛɴɟɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɠɤɢ. |
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Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɡɭɛɚ |
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ɋ = πdao |
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3z0 . |
(5.59) |
ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɩɪɨɱɟɪɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ.
08
Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ L ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ: |
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L = 2 |
hao (Dp − hao )+ (4 ÷ 0,5)Pno + 2Lmin . |
(5.60) |
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ɨɤɪɭɝɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ 0,5 ɢɥɢ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ. |
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Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ |
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ɩɪɢ |
L = 22 ÷ 30 |
L ɲ = (0,25 ÷ 0,4) L; |
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L = 30 ÷ 90 |
L = (0,2 ÷ 0,3) L; |
(5.6 ) |
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L > 90 |
L = (0,2 ÷ 0,25) L. |
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Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɲɩɨɧɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɚɡɚ ɢ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ.2.4. |
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ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ |
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Dt |
= dao − 2hao − 0,5K . |
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(5.62) |
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ɍɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɜɢɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɪɟɡɤɢ |
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ωt |
= arcsin |
pno |
;ωt$ = ωt |
80 . |
(5.63) |
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πDt |
π |
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Ⱦɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ωt ≤ 7$ . ɂɧɚɱɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ dao . |
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ɍɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɜɢɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɭɠɟɱɧɨɣ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ |
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ωɤ = ωt . |
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(5.64) |
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Ɉɫɟɜɨɣ ɲɚɝ ɤɚɧɚɜɤɢ |
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P = |
πDt |
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(5.65) |
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z |
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tgωɤ |
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ɒɚɝ ɜɢɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɨɣ ɧɚɪɟɡɤɢ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɨɫɢ ɮɪɟɡɵ |
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Pɨɫ ɨ = |
pno |
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(5.66) |
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cosωt |
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5.3. ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɝɨ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚ
ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɨ-ɲɥɢɰɟɜɨɣ ɮɪɟɡɵ
Ɋɚɛɨɱɢɣɱɟɪɬɟɠ ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɨɣɲɥɢɰɟɜɨɣɮɪɟɡɵɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ : .
ɋɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶɸ, ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤ ɜɢɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɧɚɪɟɡɤɟ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵ-
ɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɦ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɟ.
09
Ɏɪɟɡɵ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɪɟɠɭɳɢɯ ɫɬɚɥɟɣ Ɋ6Ɇ5, Ɋ6Ɇ5Ʉ5,
Ɋ6ȺɆ5, Ɋ9Ʉ 0, Ɋ 4Ɏ4 ȽɈɋɌ 925-73 ɬɪɟɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ, ȼ, ɋ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɮɪɟɡɵ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɪɟ-
ɡɚɧɢɹ ɲɥɢɰɟɜɵɯ ɜɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɡɭɛɚ ɩɨ 9 ɤɜɚɥɢɬɟɬɭ ɢ ɩɨ ɰɟɧ-
ɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦ; ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦɭ ɩɨ - ɟ8 ɢ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɦɭ - ɩɨ ȽɈɋɌ 3980.
Ɏɪɟɡɵ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ - ɞɥɹ ɱɢɫɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɜɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɦ ɧɚ ɬɨɥ-
ɳɢɧɭɡɭɛɚ ɩɨ 0 ɤɜɚɥɢɬɟɬɭɢ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦ: ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦɭ - ɟ9
ɢ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɦɭ - ɩɨ ȽɈɋɌ 39-80. Ɏɪɟɡɵ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɋ - ɞɥɹ ɱɟɪɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɪɟɡɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɜɚɥɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɲɥɢɮɨɜɚɧɢɟ.
ȼ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɭɝɥɭ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɚ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɲɟɪɨɯɨɜɚɬɨɫɬɶ Ra 2,5, ɤɪɨ-
ɦɟ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɧɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɲɟɪɨ-
ɯɨɜɚɬɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɦɢɤɪɨɦɟɬɪɚɯ:
ɩɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ:
Ⱥ - 0,32; ȼ - 0,63; ɋ - 0,63; ,25;
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ:
Ⱥ, ȼ - 0,63; ɋ - ,25;
ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɭɛɚ ɢ ɡɚɞɧɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɟ ɡɭɛɚ ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ:
Ⱥ - 0,32; 0,63; ȼ - 0,63; ɋ - ,25;
ɰɢɥɢɧɞɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɭɪɬɢɤɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ:
Ⱥ - 0,32; 0,63; ȼ - 0,63; ɋ - 0,63; ,25;
ɬɨɪɰɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɭɪɬɢɤɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɮɪɟɡ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ:
Ⱥ, ȼ - 0,63; ɋ - 0,63; ,25.
ɉɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɦɭ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɭ ɛɭɪɬɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɟ – h 6.
ɇɚ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɵɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɵ (ɬɚɛɥ.5.2) f y , f t , f rda , f γ ; ɧɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɨ-
0
ɝɨ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ f d , ɨɫɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɚɝɚ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ f p |
x |
, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ |
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ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ Ɍ so .
Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ – ɷɬɨ ɬɨɪɟɰ ɮɪɟɡɵ. ɇɚ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɭɧɤɬɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɣ. ȼ ɩɭɧɤɬɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬ-
ɧɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɧɚɞɩɢɫɶ.
ȼ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ:
. ɇRCɷ 63 ... 65 .
2.ɇɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɪɟɳɢɧ, ɡɚɭɫɟɧɰɟɜ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜ ɤɨɪɪɨɡɢɢ.
3.ɇɟɩɨɥɧɵɟ ɜɢɬɤɢ ɫɧɹɬɶ ɞɨ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵ ɬɨɥɳɢ-
ɧɵ ɜɟɪɲɢɧ ɰɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ.
4.Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɲɚɝɚ ɫɬɪɭɠɟɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɜɨɤ ≤ ... fuo .
5.ɇɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɝɨ ɲɚɝɚ ɤɚɧɚɜɨɤ ≤ ... Fp 0 .
6.Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɠɟɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɧɚɜɨɤ ≤ ... f x .
7.Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɚ ɮɪɟɡɵ ≤ ... ff0 .
8.Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɢɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɮɪɟɡɵ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ ≤ ... fno .
9.Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɚɝɚ ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ ... ɲɚɝɨɜ ≤ ... fpxno .
0. ɇɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ: ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ – ɇ 4, ɜɚ-
ɥɨɜ – h 4, ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ± (JT14/2)&.
. Ɇɚɪɤɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ: ... (ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɲɥɢɰɟɜɨɝɨ ɜɚɥɚ), ɤɥ...., ωt =.…
Ɋz = .… Ɋ6Ɇ5 (ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɦɚɪɤɚ ɫɬɚɥɢ).
HRC ɮɪɟɡ ɢɡ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɪɟɠɭɳɟɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɚɧɚɞɢɹ 3% ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ, ɤɨɛɚɥɶɬɚ 5% ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɚ 2-3 ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ.
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɦ. ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 5.2.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5.2.
Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɵɯ ɮɪɟɡ ɞɥɹ ɲɥɢɰɟɜɵɯ ɜɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɩɪɹɦɨɛɨɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɟɦ
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Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɢ ɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ, ɦɤɦ, ɩɪɢ ɧɨɪ- |
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Ʉɥɚɫɫ |
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ɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɲɚɝɟ, ɦɦ |
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ɉɪɨɜɟɪɹɦɵɣ |
ɱɟɧɢɹ |
ɬɨɱɧɨ- |
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ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ |
ɬɨɱɧɨ- |
ɞɨ 6,3 |
ɫɜɵɲɟ |
ɫɜɵɲɟ |
ɫɜɵɲɟ |
ɫɜɵɲɟ |
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ɫɬɢ |
6,3 ɞɨ |
ɞɨ |
9 ɞɨ |
32 |
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ɫɬɢ |
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9 |
32 |
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Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ |
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ɇ5 |
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fd |
Ⱥ |
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ɩɨɫɚɞɨɱɧɨɝɨ |
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ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɹ |
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ȼ ɢ ɋ |
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ɇ6 |
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Ɋɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ |
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Ⱥ |
5 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
0 |
ɛɢɟɧɢɟ |
fy |
ȼ |
6 |
8 |
0 |
2 |
6 |
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ɛɭɪɬɢɤɨɜ |
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5 |
20 |
25 |
32 |
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ɋ |
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Ɍɨɪɰɨɜɨɟ |
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Ⱥ |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
ɛɢɟɧɢɟ |
ft |
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ȼ |
4 |
6 |
6 |
8 |
0 |
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ɛɭɪɬɢɤɨɜ |
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8 |
0 |
2 |
6 |
20 |
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ɋ |
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Ɋɚɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ |
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Ⱥ |
20 |
25 |
32 |
40 |
50 |
ɛɢɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ |
frd |
a |
ȼ |
32 |
40 |
50 |
63 |
80 |
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ɜɟɪɲɢɧɚɦ |
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63 |
80 |
00 |
25 |
60 |
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ɋ |
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ɉɪɨɮɢɥɶ |
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Ⱥ |
20 |
25 |
32 |
40 |
50 |
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ |
fγ |
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ȼ |
32 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
80 |
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ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ |
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63 |
80 |
00 |
25 |
60 |
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fno |
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50 |
63 |
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ɧɵɯ ɲɚɝɨɜ |
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ɇɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɧɚɹ |
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ɝɚ ɫɬɪɭɠɟɱɧɵɯ |
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Ⱥ |
±8 |
±9 |
± 0 |
± 0 |
± 2 |
Ɉɫɟɜɨɣ ɲɚɝ |
fpx |
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± 6 |
± 8 |
± 8 |
±20 |
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ɮɪɟɡɵ |
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±20 |
±25 |
±28 |
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2
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ 5.2.
Ɉɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɨɫɟɜɨɝɨ ɲɚɝɚ |
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ɦɟɠɞɭ «n» |
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no |
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ɲɚɝɨɜ |
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ɇɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 2/3 ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɨɥɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ |
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ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭɡɭɛɚ ɜɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ 0,2 ɦɦ (ɨɬ- |
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ɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɥɸɫ) ɢ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ /3 |
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ɉɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɡɭɛɚ |
0 |
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ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɨɥɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭɡɭɛɚ |
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ɜɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ 0,5h0 (ɨɬɤɥ. ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ |
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ɩɥɸɫ) |
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Ɍɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɡɭɛɚ |
T |
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ɇɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ /3 ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɩɨɥɹ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚ ɧɚ |
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S0 |
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ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɜɚɥɚ |
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ɉɊɂɅɈɀȿɇɂə |
ȼ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɞɚɧɵ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɡɭɛɨɪɟɡɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɯ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɟɣ ɷɬɢɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ.
ɋ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫɥɨ-
ɜɟɫɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ. ɍɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɦɟɪɚ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ, ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ.
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɢ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɧɚɡɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟ-
ɦɵɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ, ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɮɨɪ-
ɦɭɥɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ. Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɢ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ȿɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɪɭɝɥɟɧɢɟ, ɬɨ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ: ɉɪɢɧɢɦɚɸ
(ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ) ɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɬɪɭ-
ɦɟɧɬɚ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɗȼɆ, ɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɤɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɧɚɩɟɱɚɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɬɟɪɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɮɪɨɜɤɭ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɨɜ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɞɚɧ-
ɧɵɯ ɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɦ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ ɫɢɦɜɨɥɢ-
ɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ.
3
ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ .
ɉɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ-
ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɜɨɣ ɮɪɟɡɵ ɛɟɡ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ
Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɢ ɫɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɱɟɪɜɹɱɧɭɸ ɮɪɟɡɭ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɪɟɡɚɧɢɹ ɡɭɛɱɚɬɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ m = 3 ɦɦ;α = 20$ ; z = 30; h*a = ; h*f = ,25; β = 0$ ; ɯ = 0; ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɨɱ-
ɧɨɫɬɢ 7 ɢ ɜɢɞɚ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɩɨ ȽɈɋɌɭ 643-8 .
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
ɨɛɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɟɫɚ
. ( . )d = |
mz |
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= 90; |
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cos0$ |
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2.( .2)α t = α = 20$;
3.( .3)db = d cosα t = 90 cos20$ = 84,572;
4.( . 0) ha = (h*a + x − y) m = ( + 0 − 0) 3 = 3;
5.( . )da = d + 2(h*a + x − Y) m = 90 + 2( + 0 − 0) 3 = 96;
6.( . 2)h = (2h*a + c − Y) m = (2 + 0,25 − 0) 3 = 6,75;
7.( . 5)df = da − 2h = 96 − 2 6,75 = 62,5 ;
8.(ɬɚɛɥ. . )ECS = 0, 2;
9.( . 6)Sn =0,5π m+2x m tgα −ECS =0,5 π 3+2 0 tg20$ −0, 2=4,592;
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɡɭɛɶɟɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ-ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
. (Ɍɚɛɥ.2. ) dao = 2; dɨɬɜ = 40; L = 2;
2.i = ; z0 = 4;
3.γ = 0$ ; α ɜ = 2$ ;
4