- •Передмова
- •Contents
- •Тематичний план (4ий семестр)
- •Unit 1 Alternative medicine
- •Unit 2 Alternative medicine education
- •Unit 3 Phytotherapy
- •Medicinal plants/Лікарські рослини
- •Unit 4 Picking, drying and storing up of medicinal plants
- •Unit 5 Standardization and plant medicine quality
- •Unit 6 Potential side effects
- •Unit 7 Aromаtherapy as a part of alternative medicine
- •History of Aromаtherapy Part I
- •History of Aromаtherapy Part II
- •History of Aromаtherapy Part III
- •Unit 8. Meals
- •It’s interesting to know
- •Unit 9 Dietology. Popular diets
- •Are You Hooked?
- •Unit 10 Nutrients that provide energy.
- •Unit 11 Three other nutrients (water, minerals and vitamins)
- •Unit 12 The link between diet and disease
- •Unit 13 The importance of a balanced diet
- •Herbs for Obesity
- •In a vegetarian restaurant
- •Unit 14 Medicinal properties of fruit and vegetables. Healthy food.
- •Unit 15 My health is in my hands
- •Ukrainian-English mini dictionary of plants
- •Література
Unit 3 Phytotherapy
Phytotherapy is the use of plants and plant products for medicinal purposes. This method has recently become very widespread. However phytotherapy helps to make prophylaxis and treat for mild diseases only, especially at the first stage. The main reason is the impossibility to measure out herbs in exact doses. Concentration of medical components in tinctures, extracts and ointments prepared from herbs often exceeds the limits. This causes overdoses or short weight of the medicine and influences the quality of treatment badly.
Phytotherapy is contra-indicated for pregnant women as many herbs can change a hormone-containing tone of the organism. As a result the pregnancy can be interrupted by a misbirth.
Wild green plants have the most healing properties. Every herb has its time to pick. For example, birch leaves are stored up in April and May. They improve metabolism in human organisms. Burdock roots are stored up from April to October. They make our bodies stronger. Linden leaves and roots are stored in May and June. They are used as a sudorific and antipyretic remedy.
It is necessary to study medicinal plants, their description, properties and the way of storing up before gathering them. In case of doubt it is better either to consult the “Atlas of Medicinal Plants” or to buy herbs in a drugstore.
Active Vocabulary
phytotherapy |
фітотерапія |
prophylaxis |
профілактика |
to treat (for) mild disease |
лікувати (від) легка хвороба |
to measure out (in doses) |
дозувати |
tincture |
настій |
extract ointment |
витяжка мазь |
overdose |
передозування |
short weight |
недовага |
contra-indicated |
протипоказаний |
pregnant |
вагітна |
hormone-containing |
гормональний |
tone |
тонус |
misbirth |
викидень |
healing properties |
цілющі властивості |
burdock root |
корінь лопуха |
birch |
береза |
linden sudorific antipyretic |
липа потогінний жарознижувальний |
Tasks
Task 1. Answer the questions to the text.
What is phytotherapy?
Does phytotherapy help to treat for all diseases? Explain your answer.
Are pregnant women recommended to drink herbal teas?
People can gather plants at any time, can’t they?
Where is it possible to find information about medicinal plants description?
Task 2. Study the table of medicinal plants carefully.
Name the plants which you can pick in your region.
Medicinal plants/Лікарські рослини
1. |
acorus calamus (sweet flag root) |
корінь аїру (лепехи) |
2. |
alder buckthorn (alder dogwood) |
жостір, крушина |
3. |
arnica |
арніка гірська |
4. |
ashberry |
горобина |
5. |
betel nut (areca nut) |
плід (горіх) бетелевої пальми |
6. |
betel palm (areca, areca palm) |
бетелева пальма (арека катеху, рід пальми) |
7. |
bilberries |
чорниці |
8. |
birch leaves |
листя берези |
9. |
buckthorn bark |
кора крушини |
10. |
burdock root |
корінь лопуха |
11. |
calendula (marigold) flowers |
квіти календули (нагідок) |
12. |
camomile flowers |
квіти ромашки |
13. |
camphor tree (camphor laurel) |
коричник камфорний, камфорний лавр |
14. |
castor-oil plant (Palma Christi) |
рицина |
15. |
centaury (common tany, costmary) |
пижмо |
16. |
cinchona (chinchona) |
хінне дерево |
17. |
coltsfoot (foalfoot) leaves |
листя підбілу, мати-й-мачухи |
18. |
echinacea |
ехінацея |
19. |
eglantine |
шипшина |
20. |
fennel |
фенхель звичайний |
21. |
goose grass |
подорожник |
22. |
haw berries |
ягоди глоду |
23. |
heather shoots |
пагони вересу |
24. |
horsetail grass |
трава хвощу |
25. |
hypericum grass |
трава звіробію |
26. |
lavender |
лаванда |
27. |
lime (linden) flowers |
квіти липи |
28. |
marshmallow |
алтей лікарський |
29. |
milfoil grass |
трава деревію |
30. |
nettle leaves |
листя кропиви |
31. |
opium poppy |
мак снодійний |
32. |
origаnum (marjoram) grass |
трава материнки |
33. |
pansy |
фіалка триколірна, братки |
34. |
peppermint leaves |
листя м’яти перцевої |
35. |
plantain leaves |
листя подорожнику |
36. |
raspberry leaves |
листя малини |
37. |
ribwort (ribwort plantain, ribgrass) |
подорожник ланцентний |
38. |
sage leaves |
листя шавлії |
39. |
senna (cassia) |
олександрійський лист |
40. |
tansy flowers |
квіти пижми |
41. |
thyme grass |
трава чебрецю |
42. |
valerian root |
корінь валеріани |
43. |
walnut leaves |
листя горіха |
44. |
willow leaves |
листя верби |
45. |
wormwood (absinth) |
полин гіркий |
Task 3. A. Make up sentences with the following words:
bloom – цвіт, цвітіння
flowers – квіти
foliage – листя
fruitage – плоди
leaves - листя
rhizome (rootstock, rootstalk) – кореневище
root – корінь, коренеплід
tuber – бульба
gastrointestinal disease – шлунково-кишкове захворювання
cardiovascular disease – серцево-судинне захворювання
B. Translate the compositions of these herbal teas into English:
склад трав’яного чаю від шлунково-кишкових захворювань: корінь аїру, листя малини, трава кропиви, листя м’яти перцевої, листя подорожнику, листя підбілу, листя шавлії, плоди чорниці, плоди шипшини,трава звіробою, трава деревію,трава материнки, трава чебрецю, квіти липи, квіти ромашок, квіти нагідок;
склад трав’яного чаю від серцево-судинних захворювань: корінь валеріани, кореневище лепехи, листя берези, листя м’яти перцевої, листя подорожнику, листя підбілу, листя шавлії, плоди глоду, плоди горобини звичайної, плоди шипшини,пагони вересу, трава звіробою,трава деревію, трава материнки, трава кропиви собачої, трава хвощу, трава чебрецю, листя суниці, квітки ромашки,квітки календули.
Task 4. Read the dialogues and act them out.
Andy: |
Hello? |
Laura: |
Hi! This is Laura. How are you doing? |
Andy: |
Not so good. I’ve got the flu. |
Laura: |
Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What kind of flu is it? |
Andy: |
Stomach flu. You know terribly upset stomach, nausea, vomiting. |
Laura: |
That sounds awful. Is there anything I can do? |
Andy: |
No, I don’t think so. Bob’s taking care of me. I just have to wait until it’s over. |
Laura: |
Well, I hope it doesn’t take long. Try to drink herbal teas. They help me when I am ill. |
Andy: |
How do you make them? |
Laura: |
In your case it’s better to drink a herbal tea which consists of camomile flowers, hypericum and milfoil grass in equal doses. Put 1 teaspoon of their mixture into a cup and pour boiling water in it, then brew for 10-15 minutes. Drink twice a day for some days. You’ll be better soon. Anyway let me know if I can help. |
Andy: |
Okey, I will. Thank you. See you. |
***
Keith: |
I feel awful. I have a terrible headache. I can do nothing. |
Mary: |
Have you worked under pressure this week? |
Keith: |
Yes, I have. There is much work left to do. |
Mary: |
Forget about it. You are overtired. Your organism needs a rest. |
Keith: |
You are right. |
Mary: |
As a rule headache is caused by blood vessels clogging up. First of all you have to clear the body of chemical waste. Then it is useful to drink a herbal tea with valerian root, peppermint leaves, hypericum grass and wild strawberries. Add dried chamomile and calendula flowers. Pour 1 litre of water into this mixture and warm up for several minutes. Cool and filter it. Drink a quarter of glass twice a day. |
Keith: |
I feel bad. I am not sure that I’ll make this tea properly. |
Mary: |
O.K. I’ll go to the nearest drugstore, buy the herbs and make tea. |
Keith: |
Thank you, Keith. You are a real friend. |
nausea - нудота
vomiting - блювання
to brew - заварювати (чай)
blood vessels clogging up (thrombosis/embolism) – закупорювання кровоносних судин
to clear the body of chemical waste – виводити шлаки із організму
to filter – проціджувати
Task 5. Points for discussion:
a) “Local medicinal plants and their storage time”
b) “Instructions how to make herbal teas”
c) “Phytotherapy as a cheap way of treatment ”