5. The american political system

1. Each Cabinet head holds the title of Secretary and together they form a council called the Cabinet. The Vice-President, elected from the same political party as the President, acts as chairman of the Senate.

2. The Legislative Branch is made up of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The 435' Seats in the House of Representatives are allocated on the basis of population, although every state has at least one representative.

3. Each state elects two members of the 100-member Senate, a Senator’s term of office is six years.

4. Both two Houses must approve a bill for it to become law, but the President may veto or refuse to sign it. If so, Congress reconsiders the bill. If two-thirds of the members of both houses then approve it, the bill becomes law even without the President’s signature.

5. The Judicial Branch is made up of Federal District Court, 11 Federal Courts of Appeals and at the top the Supreme Court.

6. In order to amend the Constitution, Congress must pass the proposed amendments by a two-third majority vote in each House and three-fourths of the states must concur.

7. The Federal courts and the regulating agencies that act somewhat like courts, apply the law to particular cases; but they do some more than that. For the words of the written law cannot be all the law. New cases arise, and the law must deal with them. Sometimes the Congress passes new laws to deal with new cases.

Choose one paragraph from the following reading that best suits each statement.

6. The political system of ukraine

1. On the 24th of August, 1991 Ukraine became an independent state. On the 1-st of December the everlasting dream of the Ukrainian people came true. 90% of the people voted for the independence of Ukraine and since that time the Ukrainian people had become the masters of their own destiny.

2. The Ukrainian political system has a popularly elected President, a 450-person single-chamber national Parliament — the Verkhovna Rada. A Prime Minister is nominated by the President and is a subject to approval by the Verkhovna Rada.

3. Voting, which is not compulsory, is by secret ballot and from the age of 18. The candidate rolling — the largest number of votes in a constituency is elected.

4. Though Ukraine has a wealth of political parties, ranging from unreconstructed communities to far-right nationalities, personal and regional loyalties tend to play larger role in the Ukrainian political life than programmatic parties.

5. A key challenge facing Ukraine is the establishment of effective, democratic governing institutions that strike a balance between executive and legislative authority.

6. Ukraine is divided into 24 regions, each of which has an elected council whose Chairman (elected at large) also serves as head of the executive branch. The status of the autonomous Republic of Crimea is being redefined.

7. In March 1995, the central government suspended the Crimean constitution following a year of political instability caused in past by attempts of local politicians to develop a foreign policy independent of Kyiv.

Choose one paragraph from the following reading that best suits each statement.