Часть 11. Способы оплаты товара

METHODS OF PAYMENT AND CURRENCIES

G. - Guest; W. – Waite; B. – Bartender

Dialogue 1

G – Can I have the bill, please?

W- Certainly, Madam. Just a moment, please. Here you are, Madam.

G- Thank you. Can I pay by credit card?

W- We accept Visa, American Express and MasterCard.

G- Prefect. I’ll pay by Visa.

W- Very well, Madam. Will you sigh here, please?

G- Yes, of course.

W- Here’s your bill and your receipt, Madam

G- Thank you.

Dialogue 2

G1 – Could you bring us the bill, please?

W- Yes, Sir. I’ll bring it immediately.

G2 – Can we pay by traveler’s cheque?

W- I’m afraid we don’t accept traveler’s cheques, Sir.

G2 – Can we pay in US dollars?

W – Yes, Sir. I’ll ask the cashier to prepare the bill in dollars. Here you are, Sir.

G1- Is service included in the bill?

W – Yes, Sir, it is.

G2- Let’s leave him a tip, John, the service was excellent.

Dialogue 3

G – How much is it?

B- One moment, Sir. I’ll prepare the bill. Here you are, Sir. The bill.

G – Oh, that’s a lot of money! Is tax included?

B - Yes, Sir. VAT is automatically charged.

G - I see.

B – How will you be paying, Sir? In cash or by Credit card?

G – In cash and keep the change.

B- Thank you, Sir.

Say whether the sentences are true or false.

D1----- The guest pays by MasterCard

The waiter has to sign the bill.

D2----- The guest wants to pay in Canadian dollars.

Service is included so the guests don’t give a tip.

D3----- The guest wants to know whether VAT is included.

The guest leaves a tip.

Complete the sentences with “in” or “by”.

• Can I pay _____ credit card?

• I’ll ask the cahier to prepare the bill___ dollars.

• That’s great. I’ll pay____ Visa.

• Can we pay ____ traveller’s cheque?

• I prefer to pay ___ cash, if that’s OK.

• How will you be paying, Sir? ___ cash or___ credit card?

Часть 12. Тексты для дополнительного чтения

Shopping

It's difficult to imagine our life without shops. Every day we do shopping. There are different kinds of shops. They are butcher's, baker's greengrocer's where we buy meat, bread, different fruit and vegetables or clothing shops where different clothes can be bought. Nowadays supermarkets and department stores are becoming more popular where people can reserve time and find a necessary good. Some people go to the market. As for me I prefer going to the market because I am a poor student but I have many friends who prefer the department store to a market. I'd like to tell you about my neighbor. He prefers Department store in Kostroma. Where there are many departments in it. The shop sells all kinds of goods for both men and women and it has many departments. In every department there is a good selection of goods. It takes a little time to buy a necessary thing. So all this goods are of good quality and so they are very expensive. My friend adores doing shopping in the department store. As for me I dislike this shop. The service is much to desired. I think that shop assistant must help to choose good things because I have no much money I have to go to the market. On one hand market goods are cheaper on the other hand I am not sure in their quality. To tell the truth I don't like to go shopping. My mother or grandmother does shopping in my family. They do their shopping at the market because meals are always fresh and not expensive here. They buy al necessary food. But sometimes I have go to the shop if my relatives are very busy. I take a bag and go to the nearby shop. Advertisements play a very important role in our life. They often help me to make my choice. At first I read advertisements in newspapers or watch them on TV and then go to the shop. To my mind advertisements are of good adviser. We can discuss this topic very long because shops are essential part of our life.

Shopping

When we want to buy something we go to a shop. There are many kinds of shops in every town or city, buy most of them have a food supermarket, a department store, men's and women's clothing stores, grocery, a bakery and a butchery. I like to do my shopping at big department stores and supermarkets. They sell various goods under one roof and this is very convenient. A department store, for example, true to its name, is composed of many departments: ready-made clothes, fabrics, shoes, sports goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, cosmetics, linen, curtains, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you like there. There are also escalators in big stores which take customers to different floors. The things for sale are on the counters so, that they can be easily seen. In the women'' clothing department you can find dresses, costumes, blouses, skirts, coats, beautiful underwear and many other things. In the men's clothing department you can choose suits, trousers, overcoats, ties, etc. In the knitwear department one can buy sweaters, cardigans, short-sleeved and long-sleeved pullovers, woolen jackets. In the perfumery they sell face cream and powder, lipstick, lotions and shampoos. In a food supermarket we can also buy many different things at once: sausages, fish, sugar, macaroni, flour, cereals, tea. At the butcher's there is a wide choice of meat and poultry. At the bakery you buy brown and white bread, rolls, biscuits. Another shop we frequently go to is the greengrocery which is stocked by cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, green peas and what not. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you call round at a dairy you can buy milk, cream, cheese, butter and many other products. The methods of shopping may vary. It may be a self-service shop where the customer goes from counter to counter selecting and putting into a basket what he wishes to buy. Then he takes the basket to the check-out counter, where the prices of the purchases are added up. If its not a self-service shop, and most small shops are not, the shop-assistant helps the customer in finding what he wants. You pay money to the cashier and he gives you back the change. But there is a very good service called Postal Market. It really helps you to save you time and get goods of high quality. You have just to look through a catalogue, choose the things you like, order them and wait a little to get them.

Shopping

When we want to buy something, we go to a shop. In my early childhood going shopping was a holiday for me, especially when my Cranny took me with her. I knew for sure, I would get a sweet or a bar of chocolate or an ice-cream, all the things I enjoyed greatly.

Recently, shopping is no fun any longer, but my daily duty. And as all duties it is tiresome sometimes. I dream to be an economist, and maybe this dream printed on my approach to shopping. I try to be rational and economical. Once in a TV programme titled “A Consumer’s Basket” I heard some rules of behaviour while shopping and since then I try to follow them. Here they are. First of all it is necessary to make a shopping list of what we need. Then we should calculate how much our purchases would cost and take this very sum of money with us. The third rule tells that we shouldn’t be hungry while shopping, a hungry person buys the things his or her stomach dictates to buy, not thinking about prices or rational nutrition. And we shouldn’t go shopping immediately after we have got our salary, when we feel impressed by a large sum of money and don’t think it’s for a long month to last, not for a short moment when we feel rich and almighty.

Everyday shopping is rather traditional: some white and brown bread, some milk, butter, sugar, salt, eggs, some sausage of frankfurters. But it’s not necessary to visit different provisional shops such as bakery, grocery or butchery to buy food for the family because we could buy foodstuffs in a supermarket. Different goods are sold under one roof, so customers can save their time having all goods bought in no time.

The method of shopping may very. In a self-service shop a customer goes from counter to counter selecting and putting into a basket or trolley the goods he wants to buy. It’s absolutely necessary to check the dates before which this or that foodstuff should be used, not to buy something of bad quality. Then a customer takes the basket to the check-out counter where the prices of the purchases are added up. If it’s not a self-service shop and most small shops aren’t, the shop-assistant helps the customer in finding and getting what he wants. After paying money to the cashier the customer can get his purchases. Every day before leaving for school I look around the kitchen to see what we need. And on my way from school I drop into the nearest supermarket, fortunately enough it’s not far from my house, and buy bread and other everyday essentials. Every Friday evening my Mum and I examin our kitchen more carefully as Saturday is our shopping day. The shopping list is rather long, so we both go shopping. Mum and I go to the supermarket where we can buy different things at once: fish, bread, sausages, flour, tea, sugar, spices, eggs. I think that a bakery department is among the best in the shop as it has a rich choice of rolls, buns and biscuits. And what is more importable they are always fresh and tasty. We all have a sweet tooth, so we never miss the confectionery, where we usually buy sweets, candies, chocolate bars, cakes and so on.

Another department of the supermarket, which we have to visit, is a dairy. At the dairy we buy milk, cream, yogurt, cheese, butter and other products. My Mum and I are regular customers at the greengrocer’s where potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, beetroots, oranges, apples and other fruits and vegetables are sold. But frankly speaking in summer we prefer buying fruits, berries and vegetables at the nearest market. They are fresher and cheaper there.

At the butcher’s there’s a wide choice of meat and poultry, such as beef, pork, mutton, chicken and turkey. It’s really a great skill to choose a piece of meat you need, for soup or for chops or shashlyk, so it’s my Mum who is to buy meat. I’m still to learn a lot in this sphere of shopping.

Different cereals, flour, sugar, salt, tea, coffee, different spices can be found at the grocery.

Sometimes, not very often I should admit, I have to go to a department store. Any department store, true to its name, is composed of a number of departments where customers can buy everything they like: fabrics and footwear, china and glass, ready-made clothes and cosmetics, toys and electric appliances, furniture and sport goods, cameras and films, and what not. Nowadays some larger department stores contain a supermarket and coffee shops where customers can have a cup of coffee and a sandwich. Goods are displayed in the attractive window displays so even before entering we see a great amount of goods of high quality ready to meet our tastes and needs. But frankly speaking my family and I prefer buying at the market, as it is cheaper there. Very often we have a richer choice of goods there as well.

I can’t but say that our shops are becoming more and more European-like. Their halls, shelves, adverts attract more customers. Long queues are little by little disappearing from our life and shopping gets some element of fun and entertainment.

Shopping

When we want to buy something we go to a shop. There are many kinds of shops in every town or city, buy most of them have a food supermarket, a department store, men’s and women’s clothing stores, grocery, a bakery and a butchery.

I like to do my shopping at big department stores and supermarkets. They sell various goods under one roof and this is very convenient. A department store, for example, true to its name, is composed of many departments: ready-made clothes, fabrics, shoes, sports goods, toys, china and glass, electric appliances, cosmetics, linen, curtains, cameras, records, etc. You can buy everything you like there.

There are also escalators in big stores which take customers to different floors. The things for sale are on the counters so, that they can be easily seen. In the women'’ clothing department you can find dresses, costumes, blouses, skirts, coats, beautiful underwear and many other things. In the men’s clothing department you can choose suits, trousers, overcoats, ties, etc. In the knitwear department one can buy sweaters, cardigans, short-sleeved and long-sleeved pullovers, woolen jackets. In the perfumery they sell face cream and powder, lipstick, lotions and shampoos.

In a food supermarket we can also buy many different things at once: sausages, fish, sugar, macaroni, flour, cereals, tea. At the butcher’s there is a wide choice of meat and poultry.. At the bakery you buy brown and white bread, rolls, biscuits. Another shop we frequently go to is the greengrocery which is stocked by cabbage, potatoes, onions, cucumbers, carrots, beetroots, green peas and what not. Everything is sold here ready-weighed and packed. If you call round at a dairy you can buy milk, cream, cheese, butter and many other products.

The methods of shopping may vary. It may be a self-service shop where the customer goes from counter to counter selecting and putting into a basket what he wishes to buy. Then he takes the basket to the check-out counter, where the prices of the purchases are added up. If its not a self-service shop, and most small shops are not, the shop-assistant helps the customer in finding what he wants. You pay money to the cashier and he gives you back the change.

But there is a very good service called Postal Market. It really helps you to save you time and get goods of high quality. You have just to look through a catalogue, choose the things you like, order them and wait a little to get them.

Brands

What is a brand? In my opinion, it's not only a trademark of some company, but the name of certain product we use every day. For example, speaking about coffee most of us say Nescafe, but not 'coffee'. This short example also illustrates the main aim of producers - to create brand popularity, so that most of people would recognize the product among the competitors products. Advertising campaigns are launched to enhance brand awareness, that's why sometimes brand costs more than the whole company, for example one day of advertising at Yandex website (what is called by Yandex sales managers as 'increasing brand popularity') costs $20000. Recognition of a brand or, how it's called, brand awareness helps people to find the necessary size, quantity, taste, especially, when they are in another country and don't know the local products' specifications. What qualities should brand name possess? First of all, it should be eye-catching. NameLab, company, which creates brand names, gives an example of 7-Up Company, which lost $120 millions using name 'Lyke Cola' as a brand name first time after launching its product. Lexicon Company was more original, creating brand name 'Pentium' for the Intel Processor: "We've got '-ium' from the scientific text - founder of Lexicon says, - and multiplied it with 'pent'. It sounded very strong, like a real chemical element." Name Sony is based on 'son', which means sound in most of the countries. As all brand names are registered and protected by law, no one else can produce the same product under such brand name. It's a very hard to create a new brand name, as more than 365000 brands were registered in October, 2000 by American Patent Organization, whereas Oxford dictionary consists of 615100 words, so some companies use brand stretching - using a leader-brand to launch a new product in a new category, e.g. 'Bochkarev' chips. Brands always add value to products. That's why branded products seem to be more expensive among other ones. But if we pay more, we pay for better quality. All in all, brands are one of the moving forces of globalization.