Практичне заняття № 4

Тема заняття: Сервіс у літаку (у потязі, на судні)

Хід заняття

1. Підготовка до обговорення теми. Вивчення нових слів. Читання, переклад діалогів.

AT THE BOOKING OFFICE

• What trains are there to Leeds?

• There are two through trains at 9 a.m. and at 3.20 p.m.

• How much is a one-way ticket there?

• 30 pounds.

• And a return one?

• 55 pounds.

• Fine. Please give me a return ticket for a 9 o'clock train.

• All right. What berth would you prefer?

• Upper one, please.

• That's unusual. Everybody asks for the lower berth.

• Of course, it is much more convenient, but there is always a lady or a child who needs a lower berth so I prefer an upper one.

AT THE STATION

• Here you are at last! I've been waiting for half an hour for you.

• I'm sorry, I'm late. But I was stuck in a traffic jam.

• Here's your ticket.

• Oh, thank you. Is it a through train?

• Yes. I'm glad we shan't have to change.

• Fine. When is it due in Edinburgh?

• According to the timetable we are due there at 9.15 a.m.

• And when is it leaving, by the way?

• Oh, in ten minutes. Come on or we'll miss it.

IN THE COMPARTMENT

• Well, we are moving at last. The train doesn't seem to be very crowded.

• Not as overcrowded as at the peak tourist time in summer. What berth do you prefer?

• The lower one, if it is O.K. with you.

• Sure. Shall I open the window? It's rather stuffy in here.

• Do, please.

Ex.1. Fill in the spaces.

1. Where is the inquiry office?-

2. Is it a fast train? -

3. When is the train due in Boston? -

4. Oh, I'm afraid it is not very convenient. -

5. What berth would you prefer? - ....

6. Did you check our luggage? Where is the receipt? -

7. We still have half an hour before the train. Shall we go to the waiting room? -

Ex.2. Write down the questions.

1. ? - 50 pounds.

2 ? - Yes, let's have our luggage registered.

3 ?- Sorry, but there are no available compartments.

4 ? - No, I'm going to Glasgow.

5 ? - Yes, I have to change.

Ex.3. Answer the following questions, using given phrases.

As far as I know... I'm not sure, but ... I think...

1. What's more convenient: to travel by plane or by train?

2. Do you often travel by train?

3. Do you take a lot of luggage with you?

4. Is it difficult to get a ticket?

5. What berth do you prefer?

6. Will you agree to change your berth if you are asked to?

7. What are the duties of the guard?

1. Do you take food with you or do you like to have meals in the dining car?

8. What was your longest trip by train? Was it boring and tiresome?

10. What platform does the train for Kyiv leave from? What about Moscow?

11. Where is the nearest ticket office?

12. Have you ever had to change trains? When was it?

13. How long does the trip to Kyiv last?

14. Is it convenient to use left-luggage room? Do you use it often?

15. Do you come to the railway station beforehand or just a few minutes before the train is leaving?

16. Have you ever been late for your train?

Ex.4. Translate into English.

• Я збираюся їхати до Києва у відрядження.

• Коли?

• У понеділок.

• Є прямий поїзд. Він відходить о дев'ятій вечора.

• Чудово. А коли він прибуває до Києва?

• О восьмій ранку.

• Це мені підходить.

• Я можу замовити вам квиток.

• Дякую. Я хотів би купейне місце, нижню лаву.

• Добре. Постараюся зробити все можливе.

• Дякую. Ви мені дуже допомогли.

Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.

Aggression

Aggression takes a variety of forms among human beings, and it can be physical, mental, or verbal. Aggression should not be confused with assertiveness.

There are two broad categories of aggression. These include hostile, affective, or retaliatory aggression and instrumental, predatory, or goal-oriented aggression.[1][2][3][4] Empirical research indicates that there is a critical difference between the two, both psychologically and physiologically. Some research indicates that people with tendencies toward "affective" aggression, defined in this study as being "impulsive, unplanned, overt, or uncontrolled" have lower IQs than those with tendencies toward "predatory" aggression, defined here as being "goal-oriented, planned, hidden, or controlled".

Culture

Culture is a distinctly human factor that plays a role in aggression. Kung Bushmen were described as the "harmless people" by Elizabeth Marshall Thomas (1958). Other researchers, however, have countered this point of view, calculating that the homicide rate among Bushmen is actually higher than that of developed societies (Keeley, 1996). Lawrence Keeley argues that the "peaceful savage" is a myth that is unsupported by the bulk of anthropological and archeological evidence. Hunter–gatherer societies do not have possessions to fight over, but they may still come to conflict over status and mating opportunities.

Empirical cross-cultural research has found differences in the level of aggression between cultures. In one study, American men resorted to physical aggression more readily than Japanese or Spanish men, whereas Japanese men preferred direct verbal conflict more than their American and Spanish counterparts (Andreu et al. 1998). Within American culture, southerners were shown to become more aroused and to respond more aggressively than northerners when affronted (Bowdle et al. 1996). There is also a higher homicide rate among young white southern men than among white northern men in the United States (Nisbett 1993).

Ex. 1. Translate the given text. Prepare for a discussion.

Граматичний матеріал: The Past Perfect Tense.

Study this example situation: Sarah went to a party last week. Paul went to the party too, but they didn't see each other. Paul left the party at 10.30 and Sarah arrived at 11 o'clock. So: When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasn't there. He had gone home. Had gone is the past perfect (simple): I/we/they/you he/she/it had (= I'd etc.) (= he'd etc.) gone seen finished etc.

The past perfect simple is had + past participle (gone/seen/finished etc). Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past: •    Sarah arrived at the party. This is the starting point of the story. Then, if we want to talk about things that happened before this time, we use the past perfect (had ...): •    When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home. Some more examples: •    When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into the flat. •    Karen didn't want to go to the cinema with us because she'd already seen the film. •    At first I thought I'd done the right thing, but I soon realised that I'd made a big mistake. •    The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He hadn't flown before.      or    ... He had never flown before.

Compare the past simple (left, was etc.) and the past perfect (had left, had been etc.):

•     A: Was Tom there when vou arrived?       B: Yes, but he left soon afterwards.	•     A: Was Tom there when you arrived?       B: No, he had already left.
•    Kate at home when I phoned.      She was at her mother's house.	•     Kate had just got home when I phoned.       She had been at her mother's house.

Ex. 1. Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets. 1.You went to Sue's house, but she wasn't there.     (she / go / out)      She had gone out.      2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn't the same as before.     (it / change /a lot) ________________________ 3.  I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn't come.     (she/ arrange / to do something else) ________________________ 4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late.     (the film / already / begin) ________________________ 5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time.     (I / not / see / him for five years) ________________________ 6.  I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn't hungry.     (she / just / have / breakfast) ________________________

Ex. 2. Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect (I had done) or past simple (I did).

1.'Was Paul at the party when you arrived?'   'No, he   had gone  (go) home.' 2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I ____________ (go) straight to bed. 3. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody ____________ (go) to bed. 4. Sorry I'm late. The car ____________ (break) down on my way here. 5. We were driving along the road when we ____________ (see) a car which ____________ (break) down, so we ____________ (stop) to help.

Домашнє завдання:

1. Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.

2. Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.