Lesson 2 The Trans-Siberian Railways

Грамматика; Времена группы Indefinite (Active, Passive)

Упражнения:

I. Прочитайте и переведите интернациональные слова:

Europe, Asia, Urals, locomotive, territory, continent, in­dustrial, interesting, operation, contribution, modernization.

II. Образуйте существительные от глаголов и переведите их;

То concentrate, to contribute, to connect, to construct, to modernize, to transform.

III. Образуйте прилагательные от существительных и переведите их:

industry, power, economy.

IV. Образуйте наречия от прилагательных и переведите их:

high, great, hard simultaneous.

V. Прочитайте текст. Обратите внимание на роль Транссибирской магистрали в развитии нашей страны до Октябрьской революции во время Великой Отечественной войны и в наши дни:

Text

The construction of the Trans-Siberian line began in 1891 and it was put into operation in 1905.

The Trans-Siberian Railway always played a very important part in the economic development of our country. During the Great Patriotic War when most of our industry was concentrated in Siberia the Trans-Siberian Railway made a great contribution to the victory over the German armies.

But operated by steam traction, the line could not carry a large volume of traffic. After the war the modernization program was worked out as a part of the grandiose plan to trans­form Siberia into a highly developed industrial region.

The modernization plan provided for the electrification of the Moscow-Lake Baikal section simultaneously with its reconstruction. It was a hard job which took a long time. It was in 1961 that electric traction was introduced on the line.

Now the Moscow-Lake Baikal Railway is the longest electri­fied main line in the world on which powerful electric and diesel locomotives draw long and heavy trains.

Greater changes will take place on the Trans-Siberian Railway, in the future. Faster locomotives will be put into service. Automation and efficient electric computers will provide a sa­fer transportation of freight and passengers.

VI. Найдите в тексте синонимы :

difficult, enormous, to be put into service.

VI. Найдите в тексте антонимы:

poorly developed, low, the shortest, small.

УШ. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени от наречий и прилагательных;

much, long, great, hard, interesting, fast.

IX. Переведите предложения. Обратите особое внимание на пере­вод подчеркнутых слов:

1) The Cherepanovs, father and son, designed the first steam locomotive in Russia.

2) This locomotive is of a new design.

3) The design of a new passenger car was much spoken about.

X. Вставьте вместо точек следующие слова

Electrification, line, vоlume, construction.

1) The Trans-Siberian … was put in operation in 1905.

2) This line carries a large ... of traffic.

3) The ... of the Trans-Siberian line began in 1891.

4) The ... of the Trans-Siberian Railway had been finished by 1961.

XI. Согласитесь со следующими утверждениями или опровергните их. Употребите выражения " That's is right" или " That’s wrong”.

1.Тhe Trans-Siberian line was put in operation in 1891.

2. The USSR has a dense railway network connecting its industrial centres.

3. The Trans -Siberian Railway did not make a great contribution to the victory over the German armies.

4. Now the Trans-Siberian Railway can carry a large volume of traffic.

ХП. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1. Why is the Trans-Siberian line one of the most interesting railways?

2. What was the role of the Trans-Siberian Railway during the Great Patriotic War?

3. What changes will, take place in the Trans-Siberian Railway in future?