XXX(підпис)

Mark Diamond

Кліше та вирази супровідного листа:

• With reference to your advertisement in "Kyiv Post" of Thursday, January JO, I would like to apply for the position of... in your company — Посилаючись на об'яву в "Київ-Пост" від 10 січня, четвер, я хотів би претендувати на посаду ... у вашій компанії.

• I recently heard from ... that there is a vacancy in your sales department. - Я нещодавно почув від ... про вакансію у вашому торговому відділі.

• / am used to working on my own.- Я звик працювати самостійно.

• / appreciate the opportunity to work on my own initiative and to take on a certain amount of responsibility.— Я високо ціную можливість працювати з певною мірою відповідальності, проявляючи власну ініціативу.

• During training for my present job I took courses in marketing. - Під час навчання для отримання посади, яку я зараз займаю, я закінчив курси маркетингу.

• Since my present position offers little prospect for advancement, I would prefer to be employed in an expanding organization such as yours.- Через те, що моя нинішня посада не дає мені мож­ливостей для кар'єрного зростання, я хотів би працювати в такій перспективній організації, як ваша.

• / am at present earning ...per month. - Зараз я заробляю ... за місяць

• Thank you for offering me the post/position of.... — Дякую Вам, що запропонували мені посаду...

• / have pleasure in accepting this position.-Із задоволенням приймаю цю посаду.

• / am looking forward to commencing work on September 1.— З нетерпінням чекаю початку роботи з 1-го вересня.

Письмова відмова від запропонованої роботи:

• / regret to inform you that I am unable to accept the position, since I have received another, more attractive one. — На жаль маю Вас повідомити, що не можу зайняти цю посаду, через те, що я отримав іншу, більш привабливу пропозицію.

• I feel that my experience in this field would not be used to its full capacity in above position. Therefore 1 have to decline. — Відчуваю, що мій досвід роботи у цій галузі не буде використаний у повній мірі, тому я маю відхилити цю пропозицію.

Ex. 2. Прочитайте та перекладіть приклад супроводжувального листа:

(Ms. or Mr.) I.M. Hiring

Personnel Manager

Name of Company

Company Address

City, State, Zip

Dear (Ms. or Mr.) Hiring:

Your opening paragraph should arouse interest on the part of the reader. Tell the employer why you are writing the letter. Do not say in the first paragraph that you are looking for a job. Give information to show your specific interest in the company.

Your middle paragraphs should create desire. Give details of your background that will show the reader why one should consider you as a candidate. Be as specific as possible about the kind of a job you want. Don't make the reader try to guess what you would be interested in.

Refer the reader to your general qualifications on your enclosed resume or other material. Use as much space as you need to tell your story but keep it brief and to the point.

In your closing paragraph you ask for action. Ask for an appointment suggesting a time when you will contact the individual. You may now list your dates of availability.

Sincerely yours,

[Your Signature]

Type your name here

Ex. 3. Прочитайте та перекладіть лист – відповідь на вакансію:

Dear Mrs. Brown

Executive Secretary to the Managing Director

I am interested in applying for the position of Executive Secretary to the Managing Director advertised in yesterday's the Moscow times.

As you will see from my CV, which is enclosed, I have been working in the same position for about two years. My current position as a private secretary to the company's president includes responsibilities specified in your advertisement: providing full administrative support to the president, handling PR matters in the office though of a small company. I would welcome the opportunity to join such a well-known company as yours. I think it is really a new challenge for me to work in a different environment.

I would be glad to meet you to discuss the post at your convenience. I should be grateful, however, if for the time being you would contact me at home rather that at work.

I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely

Rebecca Wilton (Miss)

Enc.

Ex. 4. Прочитайте лист поставте його частини у правильному порядку та перекладіть його на українську мову:

a. I read several newspapers and magazines on business published in Russia and was pleased to find out that Glencore is about to win the Russian metallurgical market. I am looking for a new challenge in my career as a Sales Manager Assistant, with the possibility of a managerial position in future, and wondered whether you might be looking to employ extra staff.

b. John Smith Encs

c. If you think I may be of service, I would be extremely interested to discuss the possibility of my joining you. I look forward to hearing from you.

d. Dear Mr Jones

e. As you will see from the enclosed resume, I have sufficient experience in metals trading business and have a wide network of contacts in the Russian market. My previous employers include companies where I have acquired an in-depth knowledge of the metallurgical business in my home country and Russia.

f. Yours sincerely

g. I have been watching with interest your company's expansion over the past few years and have admired the company's work on a number of occasions. With this new step on the company's part, this seems an ideal time to contact you.

Ex. 5. Нижче подані прикметники, які описують Вас як робітника. Виберіть з них слова, які найбільш адекватно, на Вашу думку, характеризують:

а) Вас самих

б) Вашого друга

в)Секретаря

г)) Бухгалтера

д) Торгового агента

е) Директора

є) Художника

active diplomatic methodical

attentive disciplined realistic

constructive energetic sincere

cooperative extroverted systematic

creative independent tactful

Домашнє завдання:

Ex. 1. Вивчити правило.

Ex. 6. Подзвоніть на фірму, яка Вас цікавить. Не забудьте задати такі питання:

Have you received my covering letter and resume?

When is the deadline for application?

Do you need a letter of recommendation or any other references?

Whom can I contact for further information? Is it necessary for applicants to have commercial experience?

Ex. 7. Прочитайте та перекладіть приклад супроводжувального листа:

349 Adams Street

Newton, MA 02160

January 19, 1994

Dr. Melvin W. Simms

Northeastern University

P.O. Box 746

Boston, MA 02117

Dear Dr. Simms:

I am presently a Cooperative Education student in the Northeastern University College of Computer Science. I have had experiences in programming in Pascal, FORTRAN, "C" language and am familiar with the DEC-VAX System. As a native of Japan, I know that my language skills would prove useful to your company. I would be most interested in obtaining a cooperative education assignment with Northeastern University for the summer and fall 1994.

I am currently completing a course in computer electronics and am working on a project revising a system for radio communications. Additionally, I am working at a local Radio Shack franchise selling electronic equipment. As you can see, my course work and experience would be appropriate in your environment.

My resume is enclosed for your review and consideration. I will telephone you during the week of June 3rd to discuss the possibility of setting up an interview. I will be available for full-time cooperative education employment from June 25, 1994 through December 31, 1994.

I look forward to speaking with you soon.

Sincerely yours,

[Signature]

Moshi Shieko

Питання дня самоконтролю:

1. Для чого пишеться супроводжувальний лист?

2. Які кліше використовуються при написанні супроводжувального листа?

Unit.22. Узгодження часів

Sequence of tenses

Ex. 1. Прочитайте та запам’ятайте, як утворюється і коли вживається Sequence of tenses:

Характерна особливість англійської мови полягає в узгодженні часів: час дієслова підрядного речення залежить від часу, в якому стоїть присудок головного речення. Це правило моє трудності, коли присудок головного речення вжитий в одній з форм минулого часу. У цьому випадку у підрядному реченні не можуть використовуватися форми теперішнього або майбутнього часу дієслів, хоча річ іде про дії, які відбуваються в теперішньому або майбутньому.

Якщо дієслова в головному реченні стоять в одному з минулих часів, то і дієслово в підрядному реченні має стояти в одному з минулих часів.

У подібних випадках можливі три основні випадки:

1. Одночасна дія - - дія підрядного речення відбувається одночасно дії головного.

Present Simple -> Past Simple

Present Continuous -> Past Continuous

She lives in Kyiv. I knew that she lived in Kyiv.

He is working. I thought he was working.

2. Попередня дія - дія підрядного речення відбувається раніше дії головного.

Present Perfect -> Past Perfect

Past Simple-> Past Perfect

He has left Kyiv. I did not know that he had left Kyiv.

She lost her keys. I knew that she had lost her keys.

3. Подальша дія – дія підрядного речення відбувається пізніше дії головного.

Future -> Future –in-the-Past

They will come in time. 1 hoped they would come in time.

Ex. 2. Перекладіть речення українською мовою:

1. When he learnt that his son always received excellent marks in all the subjects at school, he was very pleased.

2. When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at school, he was very pleased.

3. We did not know where our friends went every evening.

4. We did not know where our friends had gone.

5. She said that her best friend was a doc­tor.

6. She said that her best friend had been a doc­tor.

7. I didn't know that you worked at the Her­mitage.

8. I didn't know that you had worked at the Hermitage.

9. I knew that you were ill.

10. I knew that you had been ill.

11. We found that she left home at eight o'clock every morning.

12. We found that she had left home at eight o'clock that morning.

Ex. 3. Перекладіть речення українською мовою:

1. She wanted to know what kind of films I liked. 2. My friend wanted to know, when George Washington had became president of the USA. 3. Tom said that he would be playing football at two o'clock. 4. Kate said that she had been skating when it began to snow. 5. She said that she would be working there all day long. 6. Bill asked me if I had written a letter to my friend. 7. I knew he would be able to do that work. 8. I said that he might come to see me any day. 9. Ann asked whether she might see them that day. 10. Alice said that she was writing a letter. 11. I was told that Bill had finished to do his homework and had gone to school. 12. Boris said that he had lived in Moscow since 1980. 13. Dan said that he had forgotten the title of the film. 14. Tom said that they had been working at their English at a quarter past six.

Ex. 4. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в потрібному часі:

1. Tom said that he (to ask) the permission to go there. 2. I know that for the

past ten years he (to buy) the same journal each week. 3. You'll see what I (to write) about them. 4. It is not known where he (to spend) his early childhood. 5. I don't know what (to go) wrong between them. 6. It's a pity you (to miss) that concert. 7. One day I'll tell you why I never (to marry). 8. I wonder what she (to do) there so late at night. 9. Have you heard that I (to be given) that job? 10. It was probably true that he (to be) quite fond of his brother.

Ex. 5. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в потрібному часі:

1. Tom said that he (to go) to the theatre the day before. 2. My friend told me that he (to play) tennis at two o'clock. 3. Bill said that he (to buy) the book for me. 4. Alice told me that she (to go) to the park every Sunday. 5. My sister told me that she (to play) the piano when her mother (to come). 6. The teacher said that the pupils (to have to) learn the poem by heart. 7. My aunt said that she (can) speak English very well. 8. Nick told me that he (to watch) TV every day. 9. Tom said that he (to learn) English for two hours before his friend (to come). 10. She wanted to know what kind of films I (to like). 11. Didn't you know that I (can) type? 12. I was told that Bill (to work) in this office for five years. 13. The teacher said that we (may) translate the text the next day. 14. I thought that I (to be able) to go to the cinema on Sunday if I (to do) all my homework for Monday on Saturday.

Ex. 6. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в потрібному часі:

1. Boris asked me if I (to play) tennis every day. 2. Dan asked me where I (to live). 3. Harry asked Kate how long she (to learn) French. 4. He wanted to know whether he (to be) in time for the plane. 5. Didn't you know who (to appointed) headmaster? 6. He asked when the train to Moscow (to start). 7. ~ asked me what books I (to read) in summer. 8. He asked me if I (to be) re 9. He asked us if we (to be) hungry. 10. He asked me what the weather (to like. 11. She wanted to know who (to be) next. 12. Dan asked me when house (to be built). 13. My mother asked us where we (to go).

Ex. 7. Поставте наступні речення в минулому часі та перекладіть їх:

1. My uncle says he has just come back from the Caucasus.

2. He says he has spent a fortnight in the Caucasus.

3. He says it did him a lot of good.

4. He says he feels better now.

5. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach.

6. He says they did a lot of sightseeing.

7. He says he has a good camera.

8. He says he took many photographs while traveling in the Caucasus.

9. He says he will come to see us next Sunday.

10. He says he will bring and show us the photographs he took during his stay in the Caucasus.

11. Mike says he is sure Ann and Kate will be ex­cellent guides.

12. He says they have made good progress in English.

Ex. 8. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в потрібному часі:

1. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro sta­tion and I decided to hurry.

2. I didn't know that you already (to wind) up the clock.

3. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her.

4. He says that he (to know) the laws of the country.

5. Sarie un­derstood why Lanny (not to come) the previous evening.

6. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion.

7. He understood that the soldiers (to arrest) him.

8. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well.

9. I suppose they (to send) a dog af­ter the burglar immediately.

10. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning.

11. She says she already (to find) the book.

12. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five.

13. She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong.

14. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before.

15. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early.

16. The delegates were told that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes.

Домашнє завдання:

Ex. 1. Вивчити правило.

Ex.9. Розкрийте дужки, вживаючи дієслова в потрібному часі:

1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting room. 2. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off.

3. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter.

4. I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will not change, would not change) for the worse.

5. I knew that he (is, was) a very clev­er man.

6. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday.

7. I asked my sister to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum. 8. He said he (is staying, was staying) at the Ritz Hotel.

9. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark.

10. He asked me where I (study, studied).

11. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time.

12. He says he (works, worked) at school two years ago.

13. Victor said he (is, was) very busy.

Ex. 10. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою:

1. Він сказав, що прочитав багато книжок. 2. Він думав, що ви подзвоните йому, коли одержете лист. 3. Він не знав, що ми знаємо один одного з дитинстваства. 4. Я знав, що вони жили в Москві. 5. Борис запитав мене, куди я ходив вчора. 6. Я не знав, чому Пітер не прийшов. 7. Мені пояснювали що Еліс учить англійську мову два роки. 8. Він сказав, що Том вже спав, коли вони повернулися. 9. Мій друг запитав мене, чому я не прийшов вчора. 10. Він сказав, що він зустрів Дена в дві години. 11. Я був упевнений, що Кейт збирається поговорити з Гарі про це вранці. 12. Він сказав що він зайде до мене перед від'їздом до Києва. 13. Я не знав, чи відправила вона телеграму вранці або увечері. 14. Я запитав у хлопчика, голодний він чи ні. 15. Ви знали, з ким вона розмовляла, коли ви зустріли її в парку. 16. Я був здивований, що ти знаєш моє ім'я. 17. Він знав, про що вона думає. 18. Він обіцяв мені, що скаже вам, що я вже повернувся. 19. Я був здивований, що ви сказали йому про це. 20. Біл запитав мене, чи може він прийти о п'ятій годині. 21. Мої друзі сказали мені, що вони гратимуть у футбол о другій години.

Питання дня самоконтролю:

1. Розкажіть правило узгодження часів.

2. Як змінюється час якщо дієслово в головному реченні стоїть в теперішньому часі?

Unit.23. Структура бізнесу та штату підприємства