2 курс / к.р.3 (вар 1)

3

III семестр

Контрольне завдання № 3

Для того, щоб правильно виконати контрольне завдання, необхідно засвоїти такі розділи курсу англійської мови:

1. Умовні речення трьох типів. Інверсія в умовних реченнях.

2. Складні форми дієприкметника (Participle). Дієприкметникові звороти.

3. Незалежний дієприкметниковий зворот (Nominative Absolute Participle Clause).

4. Складні форми інфінітива (Passive Infinitive, Perfect Infinitive). Інфінітивні звороти, рівнозначні підрядним реченням: „Complex Subject”, „Complex Object”, „For + noun(pronoun) + infinitive”.

Варіант I

I. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the type of the conditional clause:

1. If we could transform all the energy of a gallon of gasoline into the motion of a car and none of it into heat, we could travel four hundred miles and there would be no need of a cooling system.

2. If you had asked a reputable scientist in 1930 whether large-scale atomic energy were possible, his answer would have been “probably not”.

3. Travellers will probably have to take a reserve of oxygen with them, if they fly to Venus.

4. Provided we are given due time, we will be able to continue our investigations.

II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb given in the brackets in the following conditional sentences. Translate them.

1. Temperatures inside the cabin of an airplane would amount to more than 100°C unless it ________(to be) mechanically cooled.

2. Safety devices will stop the presses if malfunctions ________ (to occur).

3. Molding accuracy _________ (to be) high provided conventional metal shrinkages hadn’t been taken into account.

4. If the visibility conditions ________ (to be) good, the resolving power of large optical telescopes would be about one arc-second.

III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the inversion in the conditional sentences:

1. Could we make a non-stop flight around the sun at a speed of 300 km p.h., it would require 565 days to encircle it at the equator.

2. Could friction be entirely eliminated, a body set in motion on a level surface would continue to move indefinitely.

3. Had these engines been put into mass production, they would have cost about half as much per horsepower as a conventional engine.

4. Were friction removed, walking would be impossible.

IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the functions of the Participles.

1. The entire sensitive portion of the bulb must be immersed constantly in the medium being measured.

2. Having been added to aluminium, germanium produces a better hardening effect than silicon.

3. Unique processes and equipment being successfully applied in the mining of this type of ores had been developed in our laboratory.

4. Mercuric oxide being heated yields mercury and oxygen.

V. Translate the sentences with the Nominative Absolute Participle Clause.

1. The pipeline runs from North to South, two side lines branching off at right angles to it.

2. The hot body removed from the cylinder head, an insulating cover is put in its place.

3. The eye comparing longer and shorter wavelengths, it establishes a balance point somewhere between them and perceives color.

4. Data processed by the computer, we can now construct a curve.

VI. Translate the sentences with infinitive clauses: Complex Object , Complex Subject ; For + noun (pronoun) + Infinitive:

1. Roentgen knew that the cathode ray could make screen glow.

2. If the valve in the cylinder appears to move too easily, it should be replaced immediately.

3. These experiments prove that it is physically possible for the ground ice of Alaska to have been formed by a process of segregation.

4. The experts are reported to be studying the materials to be used in the construction of the bridge.

5. Radium causes many substances to become phosphorescent when brought to it.

VII. Read and translate the text. Do the exercises given below.

General Characteristics of Computers

Computer is an electronic device that performs calculations and processes information. It can handle vast amounts of facts and figures and solve complicated problems at high speeds. The fastest computers are able to process millions of pieces of information in seconds.

A computer can process many kinds of information, from book titles and customer account numbers to chemical formulas and words from ancient Greek texts. It handles all such data in the form of numbers. A computer is able to solve problems involving words by changing them into problems dealing with numbers.

The ability of a computer to do so many tasks makes it useful for a wide variety of purposes. Industrial plants use computers to control machines that produce chemicals, steel products, and numerous other items. Computers are used as a navigation aid on airplanes, ships, and spacecraft. They also enable scientists to analyze data returned by space probes. Computers can be used as teaching machines. They even provide entertainment in the form of computerized games.

Although a computer can do many things, it cannot think. A human operator has to instruct the computer exactly what to do with the data it receives. Such instructions are called a program. Also, the operator must frequently check the performance of the computer and in many cases, interpret the results of the performance.

Computers differ greatly in size. The biggest ones have the equipment to fill a large room. The smallest computers can be held in a person’s hand. No matter what their size, can be however, all computers have certain basic parts.

The typical computer has an input device, such as an electronic keyboard, through which the operator enters instructions and data. A storage unit, also called a memory, receives this information through the input device and holds it until it is needed. A control unit selects the instructions from the memory in their proper sequence and directs the operations of an arithmetic/logic unit. It processes the data by means of mathematical calculations and operations involving logic. An output device then translates the processed data into a form meaningful to the operator. Typical output equipment includes automatic typewriters, high-speed printers, and visual displays that resemble television screens.

a) State the part of speech of the following words and translate them paying attention to the suffixes.

Calculation, variety, analyze, greatly, arithmetic, meaningful, frequently, logic, typical, performance.

b) Translate the following words and word-combinations from the text from Ukrainian into English.

Пристрій уводу, промислові підприємства, нагадувати, здібність, номер рахунку клієнта, проводити обчислювання, перевіряти виконання, оброблена інформація, хімічні речовини, вирішувати складні задачі.

с) State whether the following statements are true or false:

1. A computer handles many kinds of information in the form of letters.

2. Basic parts of a computer depend on its size.

3. Computers are a great aid for airplanes, ships and spacecraft.

4. A computer can do many things as well as thinking.

5. One can use a computer as a teacher and play computer games.

d) Answer the questions to the text:

1. How quickly can a computer handle vast amounts of facts and figures?

2. What are some industrial applications of computers?

3. How does an operator instruct a computer?

4. What are the units of a typical computer?

5. How does an output device work?

e) Translate the text in writing.