- •МиНиСТеРстВо образования РеСпубЛиКи беларусь
- •Contents
- •Introduction ............................................................... 6
- •Preface
- •Questions
- •Acknowledgements
- •Introduction
- •Lectures and Seminars
- •Seminar outlines Lexical units Topics for Discussion
- •Tasks and Exercises
- •3. Read the excerpt and answer the questions.
- •Recommended Reading
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •4. Match the etymological doublets:
- •5. Give adjectives of Latin origin to the following nouns:
- •Questions
- •Recommended Reading
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •Word meaning Topics for Discussion
- •Tasks and Exercises
- •In what component of meaning do these words differ?
- •Polysemy
- •Homonymy
- •Of english words
- •Recommended Reading
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •Phraseological units Topics for Discussion
- •Tasks and Exercises
- •3. Compare the inner form of the correlative units and focus on the degree of their semantic equivalence:
- •4. Explain the meanings of the following word-combinations:
- •Recommended Reading
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •Stylistic and social stratification of the english lexicon Topics for Discussion
- •Recommended Reading
- •Гальперин и.Р. Стилистика английского языка: Учебник. М., 1977.
- •Crystal d. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Printed in Italy, 1995.
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •Regional varieties of the english language: Lexical differences Topics for Discussion
- •Tasks and Exercises
- •1. Read the excerpt and dwell on the influence the two varieties (British and American) have had on each other. American and british english
- •2. Give the American spelling of the following words and describe the main patterns of spelling differences between the two variants (use dictionaries):
- •5. Match the words with the same denotational meaning. State which of the words and word-combinations given below are used in British English /American English:
- •Recommended Reading
- •Ways of enriching and expanding the English lexicon Topics for Discussion
- •Key Terms
- •5. Make up a list of productive prefixes and suffixes with examples.
- •Tasks and Exercises
- •1. Pay attention to some widely used abbreviations:
- •Questions
- •Recommended Reading
- •Recommended Dictionaries
- •Recommended Reading Manuals of Lexicology
- •Encyclopedias of Language and Dictionaries of Linguistic Terms
- •Ministry of education of the republic of belarus
Homonymy
Topics for Discussion
Homonymy of words and homonymy of word-forms.
Classification of homonyms.
Sources of homonymy.
Diachronic and synchronic approaches to homonymy.
Criteria for the differentiation between polysemy and homonymy.
Homonymy in dictionaries.
Key Terms
|
convergent diverging homograph homonym homophone |
grammatical homonyms lexical homonyms lexico-grammatical homonyms patterned homonymy
|
Tasks and Exercises
Classify the following homonyms into lexical, lexico-grammatical and grammatical homonyms:
-
ball1 (n)
bank1 (n)
bear (n)
draw (n)
found (v)
ground (n)
kind (adj)
left (adj)
mine (n)
own (adj)
page1 (n)
use (n)
ball2 (n)
bank3 (n)
bear (v)
draw (v)
found (past of “to find”)
ground (past of “to grind”)
kind (n)
left (past of “to leave”)
mine (of “my”)
own (v)
page3 (n)
use (v)
Find homophones to the following words:
fair (adj)
flower (n)
idle (adj)
key (n)
plain (adj)
principal (adj)
reign (v)
see (v)
steel (v)
tail (n)
weather (n)
Find homographs to the following words:
bow [] (n)
row [] (n)
tear [] (n)
use [:] (n)
Study the arrangement of homonyms in general-purpose and specialized dictionaries.
Prove that the following lexical items are homonyms:
case1 (n) an instance of something occurring;
case2 (n) any of various types of container or covering used for keeping or protecting things;
pupil1 (n) a person, especially a child, who is taught in school or privately;
pupil2 (n) the dark circular opening in the centre of the eye that becomes smaller in bright light and larger in the dark.
Questions
What are the main sources of homonymy in English?
What accounts for the abundance of homonymous words and word-forms in English?
Does homonymy exist only among words and word-forms? Can we speak about homonymy of other lexical units? Give examples.
Into what types are homonyms classified by the type of meaning?
Into what types are homonyms classified if their sound-form/ graphic form is taken into account?
What homonyms have related meanings?
What is understood by patterned homonymy?
What is the essential difference between homonymy and polysemy?
What are the criteria for differentiation between polysemy and homonymy?
Why is the semantic criterion not always reliable in differentiating between polysemy and homonymy?
Recommended Reading
Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. пособие / На англ. яз. М., 1999.
Арнольд И.В. Лексикология современного английского языка: Учебник для ин-тов и фак. иностр яз. / На англ. яз. М., 1986.
Гинзбург Р.З., Хидекель С.С., Князева Г.Ю. и др. Лексикология английского языка: Учебник для ин-тов и фак. иностр. яз. / На англ. яз. М., 1979.
Лещева л.м. Слова в английском языке: курс лексикологии современного английского языка: Учебник / На англ. яз. Мн., 2001.
Соболева П.А. Словообразовательная полисемия и омонимия. М., 1980.
Смирницкий А.И. Лексикология английского языка. М., 1956.
Харитончик З.А. Лексикология английского языка: Учеб. пособие. Мн., 1992.
RecommendedDictionaries
Малаховский Л.В. Словарь английских омонимов и омоформ. М., 1995.
The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. A.S.Hornby / Ed. J.Crowther. Oxford, 1995.
semantic and non-semantic classifications