14. Nuclearsecurity(физическая/ядерная безопасность)

The prevention and detection of, and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer or other malicious acts involving nuclear material, other radioactive substances or their associated facilities [7].

---Security related publications are issued in the IAEA Nuclear Security Series [1].

---Nuclear security’ denotes the prevention and detection of, and response to, theft, sabotage, unauthorized access, illegal transfer or other malicious acts involving nuclear material, other radioactive substances or their associated facilities [1].

---International Journal of Nuclear Security provides a forum for multi-disciplinary, international research on best practices in all areas of nuclear security [34].

15. Depleted uranium (обедненный уран)

Uranium containing a lesser mass percentage of uranium-235 than in natural uranium [8].

---Storing depleted uranium is enormously expensive, but disposing it by all means is what the US Department of Energy has wanted to do [35].

---It is in military weapons that depleted uranium is used in extremely large scale, and it is used mainly as penetration body that is attached to bombshells for the sake of increasing its penetration capacity, and also as armor of tanks in order to increase its defense capacity [19].

--- Depleted uranium is a dense metal produced as a by-product of enrichment of natural uranium for nuclear fuel [45].

16. Enriched uranium (обогащенный уран)

Uranium containing a greater mass percentage of uranium-235 than 0.72% [8].

---The uranium enrichment process was first developed in the 1940s as part of the Manhattan Project [36].

---High enriched uranium, (HEU) is Uranium containing 20% or more of the isotope 235U. HEU is considered a special fissionable material and a direct use material [9].

---Low enriched uranium (LEU )is Enriched uranium containing less than 20% of the isotope 235U. LEU is considered a special fissionable material and an indirect use material [9].

---A Russian ship left Iran on Monday carrying almost all of Iran's stockpile of low-enriched uranium, fulfilling a major step in the nuclear deal struck last summer and, for the first time in nearly a decade, apparently leaving Iran with too little fuel to manufacture a nuclear weapon [20].

17. Natural uranium(природный уран)

Uranium (which may be chemically separated) containing the naturally occurring distribution of uranium isotopes (approximately 99.28% uranium-238 and 0.72% uranium-235 by mass) [8].

---Natural uranium is comprised of three radioactive isotopes: 238U, 235U, and 234U. This enrichment process reduces the radioactivity of DU to roughly 30% of that of natural uranium [23].

--- Natural uranium can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors [21].

--- As uranium238 and uranium235 decay with different speed, the isotope composition of natural uranium changes by time [23].

18. Uranium enriched in the isotope uranium-235 or uranium-233 (уран, обогащенный изотопом уран-235 или уран-233)

Uranium containing the isotope uranium-235 or uranium-233 or both in an amount such that the abundance ratio of the sum of these isotopes to the isotope uranium-238 is greater than the ratio of the isotope uranium-235 to the isotope uranium-238 occurring in nature [10].

--- Most of the 500 commercial nuclear power reactors operating or under construction in the world today require uranium 'enriched' in the U-235 isotope for their fuel [27].

---From a non-proliferation standpoint, uranium enrichment in the U-235 is a sensitive technology needing to be subject to tight international control [27].

--- Uranium 233 is not naturally-occurring isotope of uranium. It is a man-made isotope and is key fissile isotope in the thorium fuel cycle [40].