§ 4. Времена группы perfect progressive

– обозначают действия, которые начались в прошлом, длились какое-то время и продолжаются в (этот) определённый момент речи в настоящем, прошедшем и будущем или вплоть до этого момента. Причём продолжительность действия указывается обычно следующими словами (характерными обстоятельствами):

for two hours – в течение двух часов, уже два часа

since 2009 – с 2009 года

since you left – с тех пор как вы ушли

all the morning (week) – всё утро (всю неделю), в течение всего утра (всей недели) до данного момента

Упражнения

Упражнение 15. Найдите сказуемое, определите его время. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. She has been teaching English for 15 years already. 2. He has been playing the piano for 2 hours. 3. They have been reading this fairy-tale for an hour already. 4. Our family had been living in that city for 5 years when our friends came to see us. 5. It had been raining for 2 hours when we left the house. 6. I woke him up, he had been sleeping since 6 o’clock. 7. He had been speaking for several minutes when I entered the room. 8. We’ll have been working on this project for 3 months when the competition begins. 9. It has been snowing heavily for 30 minutes. 10. Have you been waiting long?

Упражнение 16. Сделайте предложения вопросительными и отрицательными

1. She had been working in the library for 3 years before she entered the Philology Faculty. 2. She has been growing those flowers for the whole summer. 3. They had been taking the examination for 3 hours when the dean came. 4. We have been studying Russian for 10 years. 5. My brother has been staying with us for 3 weeks.6. They had been watching TV for half an hour when their parents came. 7. He will have been writing a letter for three hours when you come. 8. She will have been watching this film for an hour tomorrow when you ring her up. 9. It has been snowing heavily the whole night. 10. She had been studying French for 5 years before she could speak it fluently.

Упражнение 17. Раскройте скобки, употребив соответствующее время. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. I (to wait) for you since 2 o’clock. 2. He (to work) here for 15 years already. 3. She (to read) for 2 hours already. 4. Wake up! You (to sleep) for ten hours already. 5. Yesterday the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for two months. I was very glad. 6. How long they (to play) tennis when it started to rain? 7. When I entered the room they (to write) a test for half an hour already. 8. He is very tired. He (to play) football. 9. They (to live) in this town for three years when their son came back home. 10. When he got up from the table, his eyes hurt and his head was going to burst. He (to read) up for the exam.

Примечание. Глаголы to be, to have, to see, to hear, to know, etc. в Perfect Progressive не употребляются (в действительном залоге). Вместо них употребляются соответствующие времена группы Perfect.

e.g. I have known him Я знаю его (уже)

1. for ten years; 1) десять лет;

2. since 2008. 2) с 2008 года.

Упражнение 18. Раскройте скобки, употребив соответствующее время (Perfect or Perfect Progressive). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. How long you (to work) at you report? – I (to write) it for 3 hours already. 2. How long you (to live) in Ivanovo? – I (to live) in Ivanovo for 4 months already. 3. How long you (to be) here? – I (to be) here for a week already. 4. How long you (to know) him? – I (to know) him since we finished school. 5. The students (to write) a test for about 2 hours.6. They (to study) this problem since 2001. 7. My friend (to be busy) since morning today. He (to prepare) for the conference which will be held in April. 8. At last the postman (to bring) me a letter which I (to wait) for several weeks. 9. He told me that he not (to see) much of her since he (to move) to another place. 10. The painter (to work) on this landscape for almost a year by Christmas.

Упражнение 19. Найдитеошибкивпредложенияхиисправьтеих.

1. We are staying here since April. 2. They will have writing the report for 4 hours when the library closes. 3. This is the smallest dog I’d ever seen. 4. How long are you working in this company? 5. How much money had he been saving for holidays? 6. Someone has been stealing the bicycle. 7. John has been playing tennis since 2 years. 8. I’m not sure we had ever met before. 9. He has been driving for half an hour when the car broke down. 10. Jane’s clothes were wet. She has washed her dog.

Упражнение 20. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Сколько лет вы уже изучаете английский? – Я изучаю его уже 7 лет. 2. Они знают его (уже) с детства. 3. Он (занимается переводом) переводит эту книгу уже целый год. 4. Мы очень устали. Мы повторяем слова всех семи уроков уже целый час. 5. Я нахожусь здесь уже с утра. 6. Она сидит здесь уже несколько часов. С самого утра сидит на скамейке и ждет кого-то. 7. Она ждет это письмо целый месяц. 8. К 1-му июля они будут жить здесь уже 10 лет. 9. Они будут путешествовать уже год к марту и не хотят возвращаться. 10. Кейт села в машину и поехала домой. Всю дорогу она думала о письме, которое получила накануне.