Кулик В.Д. - Силовая электроника. Автономные инверторы, активные преобразователи - 2010
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НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
Ha pl1c.5.16 npaaezrena CXeMa O,n:HOepa3HOrO nuaepropa TOKa na nsyxonepauaonnux Tl1pl1CTOpaX. TIOCKOJIbKY KOH,n:eHCaTOp C He y1.JaCTByeT B BbIKJII01.JeHHI1 THpHCTOpOB, TO ero eMKOCTb 3Ha1.JHTeJIbHO MeHbIIle rro cpaBHeHHIO C HHBepTopaMH na ozmoonepauaonnux THpl1CTOpax. TIo 3TOH npn-mne neofixonnwocn, B OTCeKalOllJ,HX zmonax OTCyTcTByeT. B nnaepropax, Be,n:OMbIX ceruo (pl1c.5.17) pexynepaumo aneprnn MO:>KHO nponornrrs B Te1.JeHl1e ncero nonynepnona (pnc.Sr l 7,6), He OCTaBJI5I5I BpeM5I na BOCCTaHOBJIeHHe samrparomnx CBOHCTB THpHCTOpOB (yrOJI onepexcenaa panen HYJIIO). Cxeva rpexdiasnoro MOCTOBoro nnsepropa, BbIIIOJIHeHHOro na nsyxonepanaonnsrx rnpacropax, npnofiperaer BH,n:, rrOKa3aHHbIH na pHc.5.18.
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PHc.5.17. Cxesra oznrotpaanoro MOCTOBoro HHBepTopa, seztosroro cersro na onaoonepaunoaasrx Tl1pHCTOpax (a) 11 xpnasre TOKOB 11 Harrp5l:>KeHH5I (6)
71
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
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PHc.5.18. CXeMa rpexrpasnoro MOCTOBOrO HHBepTOpa na zmyxonepar..UiOHHbIX rnpacropax (a) H npeaennaa naarpaeoaa cPa:moro TOKa npn )'=120° (6)
r Jl3B3 6. AKTHBHble npeo6p330B3TeJlH TOK3
6.1. O,L.J;HOma3HbIH MOCTOBOH aKTHBHbIH Bbmp}lMHTeJIb TOKa (ABT) [§J
B nOCJIe.QHee BpeM}I napany C aKTHBHbIMH Bbmp}lMHTeJI}lMH nanpsxceaaa
(ABH) Be.QYTc}I pa3pa60TKH aKTHBHbIX BblIlp}lMHTeJIeH TOKa (ABT), narpysxa
KOTOpbIX cO.Qep)J(HT HH.QYKTHBHbIe 3JIeMeHTbI L H C 60JIbiliOH HH.QYKTHBHOCTblO
(Lw-+oo). Ha |
pHc.6.1 noxasaaa CHJIOBa}l cxeva raxoro |
npeoopasoaarena, |
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cofipanaaa no |
O.QHOMOCTOBOH cxeve. B |
ee COCTaB BXO.Q}lT -rersrpe nOJIHOCTblO |
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ynpaanaevsrx |
nonynpoaoznraxonux |
KJIIO~a K1-;-K4, |
BblIlOJIHeHHbIX na |
rpansacropax C BKJIlOqeHHbIMH nOCJIe.QOBaTeJIbHO C HHMH .QHO.QaMH. HaJIH~He
.QHO.QOB He n03BOJI}leT npOXO)J(.QeHHIO TOKa B 06paTHOM HanpaBJIeHHH B cny-rae HaJIHqH}I ynpaBJI}lIOIUerO CHrHaJIa na TpaH3HCTOPHbIX xmoxax. TIpe.QCTaBJIeHHbIe na cxeve KJIlOqH B OTJIHqHe OT KJIlOqeH ABH }lBJI}lIOTC}I KJIlOqaMH C
O.QHOCTopOHHeH npOBO.QHMOCTblO. C |
nOMOIUblO |
nOJIynpOBO.QHHKOBbIX |
KJIlOqeH |
Kl-;-K4, ynpaanaevsrx CHCTeMOH |
IIH1M no |
CHHYCOH.QaJIbHOMY |
saxony, |
72
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
npeofipaaosarenev reaepapyrorcs HMrrYJIhChI TOKa, urnpana KOTOphIX
H3MeH5IeTC5I TaK)I(e rro CHHyCOH,UaJIhHOMy saxony. ,LI,JI5I CrJIa)l(HBaHH5I rry JIhCalJ,HH
ceresoro TOKa i B npeofipasosarcnc npeztycvorpen CrJIa)l(HBalOIUHH cPHJIhTP Lt>,
CP• Harpysxa npeofipasoaarerrs BKJIlOl.JaeT B ce651 ,UpOCCeJIh L d C 60JIhllIOH HH,UyKTHBHOCThlO. B paCCMOTpeHHOM cnysae Ld~oo, RH aKTHBHoe corrpOTHBJIeHHe HarpY3KH, Ed - rrpoTHBo3,L1,C narpysxa. Ha cxeve CrrJIOWHhIMH
CTpeJIKaMl1 0603Hal.JeHhI YCJIOBHhle rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHhle HarrpaBJIeHH5I TOKOB H nanpaxcenaa ,UJI5I cJIYl.Ja51 pa60ThI npeofipaaonarena B pe)l(l1Me aKTHBHoro BhIIlp5lMHTeJI5I TOKa (ABT).
OPl1 rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHOM nanpaanenna BXO,UHoro TOKa rrpe06pa30BaTeJI5I in cPOpMHpoBaHHe rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHhIX HMrryJIhCOB BhIXO,UHoro nanpaxcenas Ud oCYIUeCTBJI5IeTC5I aa Cl.JeT oztaoapevennoro BKJIlOl.JeHH5I H yrrpaBJIeHH5I rro CHHyCOH,UaJIhHOMy saxony KJIlOl.JeH Kl, K2 (pHc.6.2). ITaY3a Me)l('uY HMrryJIhCaMH
aanpaxeaas Ud cPopMHpyeTc5I nyrexr onnospeaeanoro oTrrHpaHH5I KJIlOl.JeH K 1,
K4. <!>OpMHpoBaHHe OTpl1lJ,aTeJIhHhIX HMrryJIhCOB nanpaxceaas Ud npoucxomrr npa 113MeHeHHH HarrpaBJIeHl151 BXO,UHoro TOKa rrpe06pa30BaTeJI5I in (nynxrap) non B03,UeHCTBl1eM 3,L1,C caMoHH,UyKIJ;l1H ec ztpoccena Ld nyrev onnospevennoro
3aMhIKaHl151 KJIlOl.JeH K3, K4. Ilaysa Me)l('uY OTpHlJ,aTeJIhHhIMl1 HMrryJIhCaMH Ud
cPopMl1pyeTc5I npn 3aMhIKaHl1H KJIlOl.JeH K2, K3 (pnc.o.Z). TaK KaK npa yCJIOBl1l1
Ld~oo TOK HarpY3KH id l1,UeaJIhHO crnazcen, TO O,UHOBpeMeHHoe BKJIlOl.JeHl1e K 1, K4 C03,UaeT KOHTyp ,UJI5I rrpOTeKaHl151 He113MeHHOro TOKa Harpy3KH. oJIaro,Uap51 3TOMy COXpaH5IeTC5I nenpepsrsnocrs nporexaaas TOKa npa KOMMyTalJ,H5Ix. ITPH KOHel.JHOM 3Hal.JeHHl1 l1H,UyKTHBHOCTl1 Ld Ha HHTepBaJIe o,UHoBpeMeHHoH rrpoBo,UHMOCTH Kl, K2 H K3, K4 TOK HarpY3KH id sospacraer, a na HHTepBaJIe o,UHoBpeMeHHoH rrpoBo,UHMOCTH K 1, K4 H K2, K3 - CHl1)1(aeTC5I. BXO,UHOH TOK
rrpe06pa30BaTeJI5I in HMeeT HMrryJIhcHylO cPOpMy (pHc.6.2).
C,UBHra51 cPa3Y HMrryJIhCOB BXO,UHoro TOKa npeofipaaoaarena in OTHOCHTeJIhHO nanpaxceaaa cern U, MO)l(HO H3MeH5ITh <pa3Y ceresoro TOKa i
OTHOCHTeJIhHO <pa3hI rurrarouiero nanpasceaaa BrrJIOTh ,UO 3Hal.JeHHH, xorrta yron C,UBHra Me)l('uY HHMH 6y,UeT pasen HyJIlO H npa 3TOM cosip = 1. Paccxrorpuxr
60JIee .rro,Upo6HO pa60Ty rrpeo6pa30BaTeJI5I HMeHHO ,UJI5I TaKoro CJIyl.Ja5l,
ooparasnmcs K pHc.6.2. Ope,UrrOJIO)l(HM ,UO MOMeHTa BpeMeHH |
9 = 903a BpeM5I |
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,UeHCTBH5I |
OTpHIJ;aTeJIhHOH rrOJIyBOJIHhI nartpszceaas CeTl1 U |
TOK id |
=1d 11 |
3HeprH5I, |
HaKOrrJIeHHa51 B ,UpOCceJIe Ld' 6y,UeT pasna WL = Ldl~ /2. B |
MOMeHT |
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BpeMeHH |
9 = 90 nanpaxceaae U MeH5IeT 3HaK H CTaHOBl1TC5I |
rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHhIM |
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(rrOJI5IpHOCTh 6e3 CKo6oK, pHc.6.1). C eroro MOMeHTa cPOpMHpOBaHl1e HMrryJIhCOB TOKa in H nanpaacenas Ud aa BpeM5I 9ft (pac.S.Z) rrpOHCXO,UHT CJIe,UYlOIUl1M 06pa30M. Ha OTpe3Ke BpeMeHH 9f{ OTKphIBalOTC5I K4, K3 H non ,UeHcTBHeM 3,L1,C
73
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
CaMOHH.D:YKI..l;fUi eC = - Ldi / dt c rrOJUlpHOCTbIO, 0603Hat.IeHHOH na pHc.6.2, TOK
6Y.D:eT nporexars BCTpet.IHO E H rro uena +ec-ElI-K4-a-Ccp-6-K3-Rw{-)ec.
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PHc.6.1. CHJlOBa~ cxesra O.D:H0<pa3HOrO MOCTOBoro aKTHBHoro npeofipaaosarena
TOKa
:/h
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~ '8H 191
PHc.6.2. Kpansre TOKOB H aanpsaceaaa aKTHBHoro npeofipasoaarena TOKa B pe:>KHMe aKTHBHoro BbIIIp~MHTeJ1~TOKa (ABT)
74
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
B pe3YJIbTaTe BbIXO.n.HOe Hanp5DKeHMe Ud npaofiperaer OTpHl.l,aTeJIbHbIM HMnyJIbC Hanp5DKeHH5I. B npovezcynce nayasr 9n 3anHpaeTC5I K4 H OTKpbIBaeTC5I
K2. 3TO npasener K npOTeKaHHIO TOKa non .n.eMcTBMeM TOM »ce ec no IJ,enH +ec
E H-K2-K3-R H-(-)ec.. Hanpaacenne na BbIXO.n.HbIX 3a)l(HMax B rexeane 9n
CTaHOBMTC5I paBHbIM HyJIIO.
<t>OpMHpOBaHMe amlJIOrHqHbIX HMnyJIbCOB fiyzrer npoacxonari, BnJIOTb zto MOMeHTa 9 = 91 • C aroro MOMeHTa HaqMHaeTC5I cPOpMMpoBaHHe nOJIO)l(MTeJIbHbIX
HMnyJIbCOB TOKa npe06pa30BaTeJI5I in H Hanp5I)l(eHM5I |
Ud nyrev BKJIIOqeHM5I K 1, |
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K2 na 0TPe3Ke BpeMeHM .n.eMcTBH5I |
HMnyJIbCa -911 , |
H 3aMbIKaHMeM K 1, K4 na |
0TPe3Ke BpeMeHM naysu 9n . Ilpa |
3aMKHYTbIX K 1, K2 TOK npe06pa30BaTeJI5I |
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nporexaer no IJ,enH a-Kl- R H - Ld -K2-6. Ilpn 3aMKHYTbIX KJIIOqaX K4, K1 sa
BpeM5I naysu TOK nporexaer non .n.eMcTBMeM 3,[{C caMOHH.n.yKIJ,HM ec no IJ,enH
+ec-EH-K4-Kl- R H-(-)ec.
B MOMeHT BpeMeHH 3 = 32 MeH5IeT 3HaK nanpsacenne cern, H nOCKOJIbKY anroparv nepeKJIIOQeHM5I KJIIOQeM K1, K2, K4 COXpaH5IeTC5I BnJIOTb no MOMeHTa
BpeMeHM 93 ,TO BO BpeM5I .n.eMCTBM5I MMnyJIbCa TOK in fiyrter nporexars no IJ,enH
+ec-EH-K2-6-Cep-a-KI-RH -(-)ec BCTpeQHO Hanp5I)l(eHHIO na xonnencarope. |
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IloJI5IpHOCTb Ha KOH.n.eHcaTope |
0603HaQeHa B cK06Kax. Ha npOT5I)l(eHMM |
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HMnyJIbCa nexropa Hanp5I)l(eHM5I U n M TOKa I n COBna.n.aIOT, a oro 03HaQaeT, QTO |
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aa 3TO BpeM5I nponcxoznrr B03BpaT 3HeprMM B cert, (pexynepanaa). 3a ~peM5I
nayssr K1, |
K4 3aMKHYTbI M TOK nporexaer no IJ,enM +ec- E H -K4-Kl- R H - |
(-)ec. |
HaQHHa5I |
C MOMeHTa BpeMeHM 3 = 33 H no MOMeHTa 3 = 34 |
na |
npeofipasoaarene yCTaHaBJIMBaeTC5I anroparv nepeKJIIOQeHM5I KJIIOQeM, KaK M B npoveacyrxe BpeMeHM 3 = 30 - 3) .
I1HBepTopHbIM pe)l(MM pa60TbI aKTHBHoro npe06pa30BaTeJI5I
):.(JI5I OCYIlJ,eCTBJIeHH5I pa60TbI aKTHBHoro npe06pa30BaTeJI5I B pexorsre MHBepTopa He06xo.n.MMO M3MeHMTb nOJI5IpHOCTb Hanp5I)l(eHH5I MCTOQHMKa Ed (B cK06Kax). ):.(JI5I paccMOTpeHH5I npMHIJ,Mna pa60TbI npe06pa30BaTeJI5I B MHBepTopHoM pe)l(MMe npencrasmr ero CMJIOByIO cxevy B KJIaCCHQeCKOM nazte O.n.H0cPa3HOrO mraepropa TOKa [13], KaK 3TO nOKa3aHO na pHc.6.3. YCJIOBHbIe nOJIO)l(MTeJIbHbIe HanpaBJIeHM5I TOKOB H Hanp5I)l(eHMM OCTaBJIeHbI TaKMMM xce, KaKMMH 6bIJIH 0603HaQeHbI B cxexre aKTMBHoro BblIIp5IMMTeJI5I TOKa (ABT)
CnJIOllIHbIMM JIMHM5IMM.
Paccvorpma nonpofino pafiory cxeMbI raxoro nnaepropa TOKa, 06paTHBIIIMcb K KpHBbIM TOKa M Hanp5I)l(eHH5I, npencraaneunuv . na pMc.6.4. KaK
75
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
H B cny-rae aKTHBHOrO BbIIIp5IMHTeJI5I TOKa (ABT) rronaraexr, t.ITO TOK 1d H)l,eaJIbHO CrJIa:>KeH (Ld~oo).
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PHc.6.3. O)l,H0cPa3HbIM naaeprop cHHycOHJJ:aJIbHOrO TOKa, Be)l,OMbIM cersro
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PHc.6.4. Kpansre TOKOB H Harrp5I:>KeHHM aKTHBHoro rrpe06pa30BaTeJI5I TOKa B
pe:>KHMe ansepropa
76
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
TIPH nepesone aKTHBHOrO npe06pa30BaTeJUI TOKa B HHBepTOpHhIH: pe)I(HM anropnrv llII1M H3MeH51eTC51 TaKHM 06pa30M, qT06hI npa HeH3MeHHOM
nanpaaneana TOKa 1d B uerm nOCT051HHOrO TOKa cpeznree suaseane Hanp51)I(eHH51 na 3a)I(HMaX 3-4 upeofipaaosarena H3MeHHno CBOH: 3HaK no (nmoc na 3a)I(HMe 3,
MHHYC na 3a)I(HMe 4) no cpamrenato C nsmpssnrrensnsn« pe)I(HMOM npeofipasoaarena (na pHc.6.3 0603HaqeHO nyHKTHpOM).
CHCTeMOH: ynpaanenns llIHM 3TO ,n:OCTHraeTC51 <pOpMHpoBaHHeM
orpanarensnsrx HMnynhcoB Ud na 60nhweM orpesxe BpeMeHH noriynepaona no cpaanenaro C npOT51)I(eHHOCThlO nOnO)I(HTenhHhIX HMnynhcoB. <!>OpMHpoBaHHe orpauarensnsrx HMnynhcoB Ud npa nOnO)I(HTenhHOM Hanp51)I(eHHH cern U
(nOn51pHOCThlO 6e3 cK060K) nponcxonnr npa onnospeveano OTKphIThIX xmo-rax
K3, K4, qTO cooraercrsyer crpanarensnsnr HMnynhcaM axozmoro TOKa npeofipaaoaarena in (nyHKTHp, pHc.6.3). <DopMHpoBaHHe nayssr B KpHBOH: Hanp51)I(eHH51 Ud H TOKa in npeofipasoaarens npoacxomrr npn o,n:HoBpeMeHHOH:
npoBo,n:HMOCTH xmo-reti K2, K3. TIonO)I(HTenhHhIe HMnynhchI Hanp51)I(eHH51 Ud H TOKa in cPOpMHpylOTC51 npa onnoapevenao 3aMKHYThIX xmo-rax K 1, K2. TIaY3a 06pa3yeTC51 npa 3aMKHYThIX xrnonax KI, K4. Paccvorpna nonpofino 3neKTpOMarHI1THhIe npoueccu B npeofipasosarcne npa TaKOM anropnrve ynpaaneaaa KnlOqaMH npeoopasonarena, xorna TOK H Hanp51)I(eHHe CeTI1 Haxo,n:51TC51 B nporanodiase na scev nposreacynce nonynepaozta (pHc.6.4). TIpH
nOnO)I(I1TenhHOH: nonysonne Hanp51)I(eHH51 cera U (nOn51pHOCTh 6e3 cK060K,
pI1c.6.3) na crpesxe BpeMeHH 30 - 3, B re-renne BpeMeHI1 ,n:eH:CTBH51 orpauarensasrx HMnynscoB .f}If BKnlOqalOTC51 K 4, K3. ToKid npa 3TOM fiyzter
nporexars no uena +Ecr3-K4-a-6-K3-( -Ed). B TOqKe «a» TOK in pa3BeTBn51eTC51 na TOK xonneacaropa ic H TOK cera i. TIPH 3TOM TOK i nanpasnen BCTpeqHO Hanp51)I(eHHlO cern U.
Bexrop |
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U connaziaer C BeKTopOM I, qTO osaa-raer nornouieaae ceruo |
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3HeprHH. Ha |
orpesxax nays .f}n |
BhIKnlOQaeTC51 |
K4 H 3aMhIKaeTC51 K2. |
TIpOHCXO,n:HT KOMMyTaUH51 TOKa C K4 na K2 H TOK I d , |
COXpaH5151 nenpepusnocrs, |
||
fiyzter nporexarr. no uena +Ecr3-K2-K3-(-Ed ). TaKHM 06pa30M, na OTpe3Ke BpeMeHI1 30 - 31 aa BpeM51 ,n:eH:CTBH51 HMnynhcoB npoacxonar pexynepauaa 3HeprHH HCTOQHHKa Ed B cers. 3a BpeM51 nayau cerr. OTKnlOQaeTC51 OT HCTOQHHKa
Ed, HO naxonneaaas 3HeprH51 B anevearax Lrfj, Crfj cPHnhTpa nepenaercs B cers, nonnepacnnas TOK cera i nenpepusnsna. HaQHHa51 C MOMeHTa BpeMeHH .f}1 B TeQeHHe BpeMeHH 31 - 33 , paanovy nonynepaozty QaCTOThI cera, anropnrv ynpaanenaa KnlOQaMH He H3MeH51eTC51 na scev rrpoxsexcyrxe aroro BpeMeHH: sa BpeM51,n:eH:CTBH51 I1Mnynhca .f}If3aMKHYThI K2, KI, BO BpeM51 nayssr - K4, Kl. TIPH 3TOM B TeQeHHe BpeMeHH 31 - 32 , xorzra Hanp51)I(eHI1e cera U eute He H3MeHHno
77
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
3HaK (rrOJI5lpHOCTh 6e3 CK060K), HMrrYJIhChI Harrp5DKeHH5I Ud CTaHOB5ITC5I rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHhIMH rro OTHOWeHHlO K yCJIOBHOMy rrOJIO)l(HTeJIhHOMY nanpasneaaro, rrOCKOJIhKY npa 3aMKHYThIX K2, K1 MHHYC aanpazcenas U uonanaer na 3a)l(HM 3, H TOK in npn 3TOM nporexaer rro uena (+)Ecr3-K2-e-a-Kl
( -Ed) . 3a BpeM5I naysu 80n TOK in nporexaer npn 3aMKHYThIX K4, K1 rro nenn
(+)Ecr3-K4-Kl-((-)Ed). B MOMeHT BpeMeHI1 802 nanpazceaae cern MeH5IeT 3HaK (rrOJI5IpHOCTh B cK06Kax), HO aJIrOpHTM lllHM OCTaeTC5I rrpe)l(HHM, finarozrapa
lJeMy HMrrYJIhChI nanpaxcenaa Ud CTaHOB5ITC5I OTpHuaTeJIhHhIMH npa 3aMKHYThIX
K2, Kl. TOK cern |
H3MeH5IeT 3HaK. C MOMeHTa BpeMeHH |
80 |
= 803 ):(0 |
MOMeHTa |
80 = 804 aJIrOpHTM |
111I1M CTaHOBHTC5I TaKI1M )l(e, KaK H |
na |
OTpe3Ke |
BpeMeHH |
So - 80\, r.e. xorna aa BpeM5I HMrryJIhCa 3aMKHYThI K3, K4 H nanpazceaae Ud
CTaHOBHTC5I rrOJIO)l(I1TeJIhHhIM.
6.2. Tpex<pa3HhIM MOCTOBOM aKTHBHhIM Bhmp5lMHTeJIh TOKa
ITpHHUl1rrHaJIhHa51 CHJIOBa51 cxeva rpexrpasnoro MOCTOBoro aKTHBHoro
Bhmp5lMI1TeJI5I TOKa npnsenena na pHc.6.5. OHa BKJIlOlJaeT B ce651 TPexcPa3HhIM MOCTOBOM rrOJIyrrpOBO):(HHKOBhIM KOMMyTaTop ITK, CrJIa)l(HBaIOI.IJ;HM peaxrop L d.
Mexoiy 3a)l(l1MaMH rrHTaIOI.IJ;eM cera H ITK BKJIIOlJeH TPexcPa3HhIM ceTeBOM cPHJIhTP
C<1>.
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nK /'1-_._----e-.=;::::~.:/'V'V'\.-..., |
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CYB
PHc.6.5. ITpHHUHrrHaJIhHa51 cxeve rpexrpaaaoro MOCTOBoro aKTHBHoro
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Bhmp5lMHTeJI5I TOKa |
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B KalJeCTBe HarpY3Kl1 aKTHBHoro Bhmp5lMI1TeIT5I TOKa |
(ABT) (rrpOTI1B03):(C" |
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HarpY3Kl1 E H) |
MO)l(eT 51BJI5IThC5I HJII1 ):(BHraTeJIh rrOCT05lHHOrO TOKa HJIH |
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aBToHoMHhIM |
nnaeprop TOKa (AI1T), K KOTOpOMy, |
B CBOIO osepens, |
78
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
nozncmo-raerca ztaararenr, nepenennoro TOKa. CHCTeMa ynpaanenas Bbmp~MHTeJIeM CYB, na BXO.n; KOTOpOH OT sanarouiero ycrpoacrsa nO.LJ.BO.LJ.~TC~
TOKH |
i3a , |
i3 6 , |
i3 C ) £PopMHpyeT |
HMnYJIbCbI |
ynpaanenas |
KJIlO4aMH |
rrOJIynpOBO.LJ.HHKOBOro KOMMyTaTopa ITK [5]. |
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B |
Ka4eCTBe |
KJIlO4eH MoryT |
6bITb HCnOJIb30BaHbI TpaH3HCTOpbI C |
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rrOCJIe)lOBaTeJIbHO BKJIlO4eHHbIMH .LJ.HO.LJ.aMH, KaK 3TO nOKa3aHO na pHc.6.5, HJIH nsyxoncpauaoansrc THpHCTOpbI. YnpaBJIeHHe KJIlO4aMH IlK rrpoH3BO.LJ.HTC~ aHaJIOrH4HO aJIrOpHTMy lllI1M O.LJ.HOMOCTOBoro ABT C Y4eTOM C.LJ.BHra na 120°
Me)K.LJ.Y BeTB~MH MOCTa. B pe3YJIbTaTe |
cPopMHpyeMbIe rrOJIyrrpOBO.LJ.HHKOBbIM |
. . . |
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KOMMyTaTopoM HMrrYJIbCbI TOKOB Ina, In 6 , Inc C.LJ.BHHyTbI ztpyr OTHOCHTeJIbHO ztpyra na 120°. C novoun.io cPHJIbTpa C<I> norpctinsesrsrc OT cern TOKH npHHHMalOT npaKTH4eCKH CHHyCOH.LJ.aJIbHylO £POPMY.
TpeX£Pa3HbIH MOCTOBOH aKTHBHbIH Bbmp~MHTeJIb TOKa KaK H O.LJ.HO£Pa3HbIH MOCTOBOH ABT MO)KeT pafiorarr, H B HHBepTopHOM pe)KHMe.
,lJ,JI~ ero nepesona B HHBepTopHbIH pe)l<HM Heo6xo.LJ.HMO H3MeHHTb rrOJI~pHOCTb 3,lJ,C HarpY3KH EH na ofiparayro, o603Ha4eHHYlO na pHc.6.5 B cxofixax, B03MO)KHOCTb pexynepanjm 3HeprHH B cers OT HCT04HHKa TOKa C nosrounao ABT rr03BOJI5IeT C03.LJ.aBaTb 3JIeKTpOnpHBO.LJ. nepesreanoro TOKa na OCHOBe .LJ.BYX3BeHHbIX npe06pa30BaTeJIeH TOKa, HCrrOJIb3Y~ .LJ.Ba KOMrrJIeKTa: aKTHBHbIH Bbmp5lMHTeJIb TOKa (ABT) H aBTOHOMHbIH HHBepTOp TOKa (AMT).
PaCCMOTpHM npHHUHn )leHCTBH~ TaKHX npeofipasonareneii.
6.3. LI.Byx3BeHHblH 3JIeKTpOrrpHBo)J, nepeMeHHoro TOKa C npe06pa30BaTeJI~MH TOKa
Kpove npeofipaaonarenea C aBTOHOMHbIM nnsepropccr nanpszcenas, paccaorpennux B npezn.tztyumx nonpasnenax, HaXO.LJ.~T urnpoxoe pacnpocrpanenae npeofipasoaarena co 3BeHOM nOCTO~HHoro TOKa H aBTOHOMHbIM nnsepropoa ynpaansewsn« TOKOM [12].
crpyxrypa ITpe06pa30BaTeJI~, nassiaaeaoro npe06pa30BaTeJIeM C aBTOHOMHbIM nnaepropoja TOKa (AMT), noxasana na pHc.6.6. IlpHHUHITHaJIbHoe OTJIH4He ero OT npeofipaaoaarens C AMH COCTOHT B TOM, 4TO HHBepTOp ITOJIy4aeT ITHTaHHe OT HCT04HHKa TOKa, a He OT HCT04HHKa
HaITp~)KeHH~. B Ka4eCTBe raxoro HCT04HHKa HCrrOJIb3yeTc~ ynpasnaevsra
Bbmp~MHTeJIb (YB) C CHCTeMOH ynpasneaas Bbmp~MHTeJIeM (CYB), KOTOpOMy npazrarorca CBOHCTBa HCT04HHKa TOKa nyrexi C03.n;aHH~ KOHTypa perynaposaaas
Bbmp~MJIeHHOrO TOKa Jd • B KOHType perynapoaaaas TOKa npenycaorpen perYJI~TOp TOKa (PT), ua axone xoroporo HCTHHHoe 3Ha4eHHe Bbmp~MJIeHHOrO TOKa cpaBHHBaeTC~ C CHrHaJIOM 3a.LJ.aHH~. TaKHM o6pa30M, 3TOT CHrHaJI 3a.LJ.aeT
3Ha4eHHe TOKa na axone aBTOHOMHoro nasepropa, a CJIe.n.OBaTeJIbHO, H 3Ha4eHHe c
TOKa craropa .n;BHraTeJI~, KOTOpbIH cPopMHpyeTc~ H3 TOKa Jd nyrexr ITepeKJIlO4eHH~ KJIlO4eH anaepropa. Hacrora craropnoro TOKa, TaK )Ke KaK 4aCTOTa uanpsacenax B npeofipaaoaarene C Al1H H ynpasnaesnav Bbmp~MHTeJIeM (CM.pHC.6.6), sanaerca CHrHaJIOM 3a.LJ.aHH~ 4aCTOTbI na BXO.LJ.e CHCTeMbI
79
НАУЧНО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ЦЕНТР САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРОВ
ynpasnenaa l1HBepTOpOM (CYI1). OC06eHHOCTl1 npanuana pa60TbI npeofipasosarena C AI1T onpeztenaror cxexmue OTJIl1qml ero OT npeofipasosarcns C l1HBepTOpOM nanpaacenas: CrJIa)l(l1BalOml1I1 epl1JIbTP,
npenaasaaseaasni nynscaunri
xa-recrse OCHOBHoro anejaerrra coztepxorr He KOH.n:eHcaTOp, a .n:pOCCeJIb Ld , KpOMe 'roro, B AI1T OTCyTCTBylOT .n:l10.n:bI ofiparnoro TOKa B KJIlOqaX aBTOHOMHoro anaepropa. 3TO CB~3aHO C TeM, qTO rrpn nepexmoxenaax KJIlOqeI1 mrsepropa epOPMl1PYlOTC~He nanpaxcenaa na 06MOTKax craropa .n:Bl1raTeJI~,a TOK B Hl1X.
+
o |
AVlT |
YB |
@
CYB |
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PT
Pl1c.6.6. CTPYKTYPHa~ cxeraa npcofipasosarena qaCTOTbI co 3BeHOM rrOCTO~HHoro TOKa, ynpasnaeasns BbIIIp~Ml1TeJIeMl1 aBTOHOMHbIM l1HBepTOpOM TOKa
Hanpaxcenae na 06MOTKax <popMl1pyeTc~ npn yxce CepOpMl1pOBaHHOI1 epopMe epa3Horo TOKa, a epa30BbII1 cnsnr Me)l(.n:y TOKOM l1 nanpascenaev ofipasyerca nyrev cnsnra nanpazceans OTHOCl1TeJIbHO TOKa, a He TOKa OTHOCl1TeJIbHO aanpazcenas. B pe3YJIbTaTe OTCyTCTBylOT nposseacyrxn spevena, B resenae KOTOpbIX yxce rrp0l130IlIJIO nepexmosenae KJIlOQeI1 nnsepropa, a TOK
.n:OJI)I(eH erne nporexars B npeacnev nanpaanenaa l13-3a l1H.n:YKTl1BHOrO xapaxrepa narpysxa. Pe)l(l1M QaCTOTHoro ynpaanenaa CKOpOCTblO aCl1HXpOHHoro .n:Bl1raTeJI~ npa naranaa ero OT AI1T Ha3bIBalOT QaCTOTHO-TOKOBbIM ynpaanenaev [12].
ITpl1 QaCTOTHO-TOKOBOM ynpasnenaa 06bIQHO ooecne-maaercs ynpaanenne
COCTaBJI~lOml1Ml1 TOKa craropa rro .n:ByM uepnennaxynapnsns OC~M, l.J:TO naer B03MO)l(HOCTb perynnponars MOMeHT nsararens l1 aaaasars pe)l(l1M pa60TbI C )l(eJIaeMbIM rrOTOKOM B036Y)l(.n:eHl1~.
PaCCMOTpl1M 60JIee nonpofino pafiory raxoro anexrponpnaona, B KaQeCTBe ynpasnaevoro BbIIIp~Ml1TeJI~aKTl1BHbII1 BbIIIp~Ml1TeJIb TOKa
80