uchebnik-po-angliyskomu-yaziku-dlya-gumanitariev

be made easier and more pleasant by their sensible use. So I ask you to say you are glad to be living in the second half of this century, and that you do not wish you had lived in the past.’

(after A. S. Hornby)

Exercises To Be Done at Home

1. Переведите на русский язык:

life — to live — alive; peace — peaceful — peaceless; place — to place; reason — reasonable; to travel — traveller; strong — strongly — strength; free — freedom; to destroy — destruction

2. Выберите из нижеприведенных слов:

а) синонимы:

to happen, fortunate, to receive, alive, simple, road, thanks to, to expect, enjoyable

to occur, way, pleasant, to wait, living, due to, to get, happy, plain

б) антонимы:

badly, fortunate, to agree, upper, useless, alive, heavy, dull

well, useful, to disagree, unhappy, lower, bright, dead, light

3.Прочтите текст еще раз и найдите в нем все случаи употребления сослага тельного наклонения. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Выпишите из текста условные предложения и определите их тип.

4.Прочтите и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания и пред ложения, обращая внимание на новые слова:

a) to play the part of; to fly low (high); in one’s opinion; instead of going to the cinema; to make much noise; to be for or against smth; frozen meat; a dull day; dull clothes; a public telephone; for example; to be alive; to receive free education; common peo ple; a common flower; to demand equal pay for equal work; to enjoy music; the happiest day in my life; in the past; a true friend; therefore

б) 1. Don’t make so much noise. 2. You took my textbook instead of yours. 3. What will you wear to the theatre? 4. She wore a

black dress. 5. Such food should not be given to sick people. 6. To drink hot milk in the morning is useful. 7. Where do you keep meat in hot weather? 8. We had meat for dinner. 9. There is a new bridge across the river. 10. Our football team played against the Dynamo team and won. 11. We changed our clothes because they were wet. 12. I invited both of them but neither could come. 13. If you run after two hares (зайцами), you will catch neither. (proverb) 14. I wish you a Happy New Year. — The same to you. 15. When the doctor came the sick man was still alive. 16. There was no light in the upper windows. 17. We expect them to take part in the competition. 18. We must reach the station before dark. 19. The child could not reach the apples on the upper branches of the tree. 20. The story is not true. 21. Is it true that they agreed to our proposal? 22. Common people all over the world are against war. They want peace. 23. They have many common interests. 24. Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. (proverb) 25. What is the purpose of his coming here? 26. For what purpose do you need so much water? 27. Tell me your reasons for not going there. 28. Do you know the reasons why he refuses to take part in the work? 29. Students must not miss classes except on good reasons. 30. It looks like rain, therefore the children have to remain indoors.

5. Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на парные союзы:

either ... or — либо ... либо neither ... nor — ни ... ни

both ... and — как... так и; и ... и

1. We shall go to the concert either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow. 2. Either my friend or I will show you the project. 3. We decided that my son would go in either for football or for hockey. 4. We could find the dean neither in the laboratory nor in the dean’s office. 5. Neither my sister nor I like to watch TV. 6. They do not consider this work to be worth doing, that’s why they want to spend neither time nor money on it. 7. He spoke neither against nor for our proposal. 8. I shall drink neither tea nor coffee. I’d like to have some hot milk. 9. You will have to change both time and place of our meeting. 10. We invited to our

party both Tom and Mary but neither could come. 11. Neither my friend nor I ever missed a class at the Institute.

6. Найдите английские эквиваленты для русских слов:

1. посредством, 2. вследствие чего л., 3. вместо того, чтобы, 4. несмотря на, 5. из за, по причине, 6. хотя, 7. по крайней мере, 8. так как, ибо, 9. для того, чтобы, 10. поэтому

1. due to, 2. in spite of, 3. because of, 4. though, 5. instead of, 6. at least, 7. for, 8. by means of, 9. in order to, 10. therefore

Кey: 1–8; 2–1; 3–5; 4–2; 5–3; 6–4; 7–6; 8–7; 9–9; 10–10

Exercises To Be Done in Class

7. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What questions were put to six men and women? 2. What did Miss Brown, a teacher, answer? 3. Do you remember what Dr White said? 4. Do you like Miss Dike’s examples which she gave in her talk? 5. Do you agree with Sir Timothy Jones’ opinion when he was speaking about hurry, speed and noise? 6. For what reasondoesMr. Samson,thenovelist,prefertolivetoday?7. The last speaker in this discussion, Miss Fowler, is happy to live now, isn’t she? Why? 8. What is your own opinion on this question?

Jokes 1

Prof.: You can’t sleep in my class. St.: If you didn’t talk so loud, I could.

2

—Don’t you think I sing with feeling?

—No, if you had any, you wouldn’t sing.

8. Прочтите текст и ответьте на вопросы:

1.Who asked for the privilege to build a theatre and when?

2.How long did the construction of the theatre last? Why? Did it take more or less time than it had been planned?

3.What happened to the building constructed by Maddock?

4.When was the building that we see today constructed?

From the History of the Bolshoi Theatre

More than two hundred years ago (in 1776) a rich Moscow nobleman (дворянин) Prince (князь) Urusov asked the govern ment for the privilege of founding a Russian theatre in Moscow. He said that he would erect a stone (камень) building for it within (за) five years and that the building of the theatre would improve the appearance of the city, would make it more attrac tive.

The privilege having been given, Prince Urusov organized the first company (труппа) which consisted of serfs (крепостные). It was the birth of the Moscow Opera House. But as the building of the theatre was not ready yet the performances for some years took place in different city halls.

In the meantime (тем временем) Prince Urusov and an En glishman Michael Maddock bought a piece of land in Petrovka street in Moscow where the famous Bolshoi Theatre building is still standing today, although (= though) its facade has under gone (подвергаться) numerous changes and transformations.

However (однако) before the construction started Prince Urusov went bankrupt (обанкротиться) and the work was done by Maddock alone. Maddock was able to organize the work in such a way and he himself worked so hard that the building was finished in five months instead of five years as it had been first planned.

The official opening ceremony took place in December 1780. In 1806 the theatre became a state property (собственность).

But due to the fire (пожар) which took place the same winter the building was completely destroyed. For nearly twenty years per formances took place in various city houses and halls, including a specially built wooden (деревянный) building which was also destroyed when Napoleon’s troops (войско) entered Moscow.

The new building completed in 1824 was more impressive than the old one, its interior being second (уступать) only to the theatre in Milan.

Another fire (пожар) in 1853 destroyed the theatre again, leaving nothing but the walls and the front colonnade. Three years later the necessary repairs (ремонт) were completed. Five tiers (ярус) were added and the acoustics was greatly improved.

Bronze horses (лошадь) decorated the pediment (фронтон). This is how the building looks today.

9.Прочтите текст еще раз и найдите случаи употребления независимого при частного оборота.

10.Прочтите и кратко передайте содержание текста.

1.When the Russian Empress Catherine the Second gave in 1776 Prince Urusov the right to erect a theatre in Moscow, she could not know that it would mark the beginning of a new chapter in the history of Russian culture — the establishment of the opera and ballet theatre which would later be named the Bolshoi Theatre.

2.Outstanding, talented actors, singers and ballet dancers are known to be highly estimated and honoured in our country nowa days. But at the time when Prince Urusov decided to found a Russian theatre the situation was different. The drama, opera and ballet repertoire was performed by serfs. The first company included 13 actors and 9 actresses. Long before the establish ment of regular companies Russian noblemen chose talented people from among their serfs, taught them arts and music and organized home theatres. There were more than 50 such theatres in Moscow alone (только).

3.To enlarge (увеличивать) the company of the Moscow opera theatre serfs were bought too. In 1824 for example 18 girl dancers, some singers and musicians were bought and became state property (собственность) but this did not improve their condition. Even famous actors were made to appear on the stage when they were ill.

4.Russian composers Alyabyev and Verstovsky pioneered the path (путь) for the Russian opera. The staging (постановка) of Glinka’s “Ivan Susanin” in September 1842 was a milestone (краеугольный камень) in the history of Russian music and was followed by other operas by Russian composers now regarded as classics, such as Glinka’s “Ruslan and Ludmila” and Dar gomyzhsky’s “Rusalka”.

Additional Material for Oral Speech Practice. Speech Patterns and Flashes

of Conversation

At the Customs

На таможне

1.Прочтите и постарайтесь запомнить следующие слова и выражения:

1.Customhouse — таможня

2.The Customs — таможенное управление

3.customs officer — работник таможни

4.customs regulations — таможенные правила

5.to go (to pass) through customs — проходить таможню

6.to fill in (up, out) the customs — заполнять таможенную декларацию

7.travelling passport — заграничный паспорт

8.to apply for a visa — обращаться за визой

9.to extend a visa — продлевать визу

10.to get (to obtain) a visa — получать визу

11.to be valid — быть действительным

12.Your visa is valid till the 7th of June — ваша виза действи тельна до 7 го июня

13.Currency Exchange (Desk) — обмен валюты

14.When does your visa expire? — Когда заканчивается срок вашей визы?

15.What country are you from? — Откуда вы?

16.What is your nationality? — Какое у вас гражданство?

17.I’m Russian. — Я из России.

18.What is the purpose of your visit? — Какова цель вашего визита?

19.I am on business here. — Это деловая поездка.

20.It’s a business trip.

21.It’s a private visit — это частный визит

22.I’ve come to attend a conference — Я приехал на конферен цию.

23.How long are you going to stay here? — Сколько времени вы пробудете здесь?

24.Where are you going to stay? — Где вы будете жить?

25.What’s your occupation? — Чем вы занимаетесь?

26.Do you have anything to declare? — Вы будете что нибудь декларировать?

27.Where did you get your visa? — Где вы получали свою визу?

28.Who issued your visa? — The British Embassy in Moscow. — Кто выдал вам паспорт? — Британское посольство в Мо скве.

29.How much currency do you carry? — Three hundred dollars. — Сколько у вас с собой денег? — Три тысячи долларов.

30.Have you got any things liable to duty? — I think they are duty free. — У вас есть вещи, которые облагаются пошли ной? — Я думаю, они провозятся бесплатно.

31.You can be refused a visa for various reasons. — Вам могут отказать в получении визы по многим причинам.

2.Переведите на русский язык:

1.When you cross the border you must go through Passport Control and Customs. 2. You don’t need your inland passport when you travel abroad, you need a travelling one. 3. Those who have permanent visas can pay regular visits to the country.

4.On arrival to any foreign country, you have to change your currency for a local one. 5. Do you have anything to declare? — No, I don’t have any valuables. There are only personal belong ings in my suit case. 6. If you wish to know what you can bring through customs, read customs regulations. 7. I have arrived to carry out talks with a private commercial firm. 8. Where do you work? I work with a private firm. 9. I have nothing to declare.

10.My visa is expiring in a month. 11. He wrote his full name in block letters (печатными буквами). 12. Henry had arrived at the airport an hour before the plane took off. He had his ticket registered, filled in a declaration form and joined the passengers in the waiting room.

3. Прочтите диалог:

A.: Good morning, sir. Is this your suit case? B.: No, it isn’t. Mine is that black one.

A.: Oh, I see. Have you anything to declare?

B.: No, I don’t. I don’t have any valuables. I’ve got only some cigarettes for my own use.

A.: How many packets?

B.: Only three packets. I think they are duty free. A.: Yes, of course.

B.: Shall I open my suit case?

A.: No, you needn’t. It’s all right. You may go through Passport Control now. Straight on, please.

B.: Thank you, officer. Good morning.

4. Попросите (ключи в конце задания):

1.дать вам бланк таможенной декларации.

2.прислать вам официальное приглашение, чтобы вы могли обратиться за деловой визой.

3.выдать вам заграничный паспорт, т. к. вы должны ехать в деловую командировку.

4.обменять вам валюту на местную.

5.сказать вам, где в Лондоне находится Российское посоль ство.

6.объяснить вам, почему посольство отказывает вам в визе; нужно ли вам предоставить какую либо дополнительную информацию.

Key:

1.Could you give me a form of the customs declaration?

2.Could you send me an official invitation so that I could apply for a business visa?

3.Could you issue me a travelling passport, as I must go on a business trip?

4.Could you exchange my currency for a local one?

5.Could you tell me where the Russian Embassy is situated in London?

6.Could you explain to me why the Embassy refuses me a visa? Shall I provide any additional information?

Vocabulary

4. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания без словаря:

а) per cent, farm, farmer, granite, zinc, reason, manufacture, product, production, fruit, to export, to concentrate, funda mental, practically, capitalism, mineral;

б) a building stone, a matter of great advantage, shipbuilding, ocean going ships, rainfall, birthplace, fishing grounds;

в) present (a) — to be present — presence, present (n); favourable — favour — in favour of — to favour; mining — mine — miner; near — nearness

to favour [ feivə]´ благоприятствовать • to favour the development of smth fruit фрукты • Do you like fruit?

grain зерно, зерновая культура • a rich crop of grain

to grow (grew, grown) расти, выращивать; становиться • to grow grain growth рост • to favour the growth of grain and grass

iron [ aiən]´ железо • deposits of iron

the latter последний (из двух названных) • Newcastle and Glasgow are ports, the latter being the largest city in Scotland.