Means of communica tion

There are various ways through which we communicate with each other. These may be called as the means of communication. In face-to-face contact we use different parts of our body or we directly talk to others while communicating our message. Where face-to-face communication is not possible, we take the help of some other means through which we usually convey our messages. For example, we may use letters to conveywritten messages; talk to others over telephones; send telegrams and use various other modern machines like computers, fax machine, etc.to communicateour messages. The means to be used in our communication process depend upon the purpose of36

communication. For example, to sendany urgent message wc generally use telephone; for any important matter for which a written document is required, we use letter, telegram, fax, etc. Now-a-days modern technology has given us a wide option to choose the means according to our requirement andliking. Let us discuss some of the important means of communication commonly used in business.

Letters are a written form of communication. These can be sent or received by individuals or organizations. Written messages in the form of letters can be delivered to the receivers through special messenger, post offices or private couriers. This method is mostly used where face-to-face communication is difficult or other means are not easily available.

Telegram is also a form of written communication by which messages can be sent quickly to distant places. It is generally used when there is an urgency of communicating any important message. It transmits message much faster than ordinary postal mail. This facility is available in all telegraph offices, where on payment of specific fee, we send our message.

Telephone is a very popular form of oral communication. It is widely used for internal and external business communications. Both government and private agencies provide telecom services.

Telex provides a means of printed communication using teleprinter. Teleprinters are machines installed at different places which are connected to a central exchange through cable. In each machine a standard keyboard is fitted. Any message typed by using those keyboards at one end is automatically typed at the other end.

Fax or facsimile is an electronic device that enables instant transmission of any matter, which may be handwritten or printed like letters, diagrams, graphs, sketches, etc. By using telephone lines this machine sends the exact copy of the document to another fax machine at the receiving end. For sending any message the documents on which message, diagram or drawing is typed or drawn has to be put in the fax machine and the fax number (a telephone number) of the other party has to be dialed.

Electronic mail, popularly known as e-mail is a modern means of communication. The system makes use of electronic methods of transmittingand receiving,information.

Voice Mail is a computer-based system for receiving and respondingto incoming telephone calls, it records and stores telephone messages through computer memory. The caller can get the required information by dialing the voice mail number and then following the instructions of the computer.

Teleconferencing. Conference generally refers to a meeting of people for consultation or discussion regarding any common issues. Here people sit together and interact face to face with each other. But, teleconferencing is a system through which people interact with each other without physically sitting in front of others. People can hear the voice and see the picture of others and also respond to their queries even if sitting in different countries.

Audio-conferencing is a two-way audio communication system in which the participants listen to the voice and respond immediately sitting at different places. People may listen to the voice through radio or television and put their queries by using telephone.

Video-conferencing. Besides listeningto the voice, the participants of the conference can also see the picture of each other while talking themselves. This is called video-conferencing. There are two different types of video conferencing process.

London WIC 37D UK Gentlemen:

We saw a collection of women's dresses in your October catalogue. The lines you showed would be most suitable for our market. Would you kindly send us your quotation for clothing that you could supply to us by the end of November? We would require 1,000 dresses in each of the sizes 10-14, and 500 in sizes 8 and 16.

We propose the payment made by Letter of Credit.

Thank you for an early reply.

Very truly yours

P. PRATT, Jr Buyers

10. Answer the questions:

1. What do the Buyers ask for in their enquiry letter?

2. What quantities of goods do they require?

3. What terms of payment do the Buyers propose?

11 Study new business proverbs:

" A man is known by the company he keeps.

• Failing to plan is planning to fail.

• From those to whom much is given, much is expected.

• If ifs and ands were pots and pans there’d be no work for tinkers.

• Money can’t buy everything, but everything needs money.

« Never let the right hand know what the left hand is doing.

• Not until just before dawn do people sleep best; not until people gel old do they become wise.

12. Grammar material. Translate into English.

1. Ці питання зазвичай обговорюються після роботи.

2. Мене попросили допомогти йому закінчити цю роботу сьогодні, тому я повинен був залишитися в установі після роботи.

3. Йому можуть віддати документи в понеділок вранці.

4. Його треба зараз же знайти, контракт за минулий рік.

5. Ким був складений цей документ про купівлю компанії?

6. Коли принесуть (будуть принесені) листи? - Я думаю, тільки через годину.

7. Коли буде відправлена ця телеграма?

8. Його запитали, коли буде відправлений факс.

9. Після зустрічі було задано багато питань.

10. Я думаю, що про ці переговори будуть багато говорити.

Тема: Види ділових листів.

Питання:

1. What types of business letter do you know?

2. What letters of two types are often used?

3. What is the main aim of an offer?

4. What information do the offers usually include?

5. What are the types of the quotation?

6. What phrases do usually open a free offer?

7. How do a free and a firm offers differ from each other?

Завдання:

1. Підготувати доповідь на тему: «The Types of Business Letters».

2. Скласти 2зразки ділового листа.

3. Граматичний матеріал: займенники.

Список літератури:

1. Васильєва Л. Деловая переписка на английском язі,псе / Л. Васильєва. - VL:Айрис-пресс, 2004. — 352 с.

2. Ділова лексика: англо-український, україно-англійський словник / [уклад.

О.М. Акмапдінова, С.С. Кіраль, О.О. Письменна] - К.: ВЦ «Академія», 2001. - 296 с.

3. Haines Simon, Nettle Mark? Advanced Grammar in Use/ Supplementary Exercises / S/ Haines, M. Nettle,М/ Hewings. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. - 135 p.

Topical words firm offer are pleased regarding with regard to size

to require nearly quantity obtainable subject to to deliver to receive to prefer air freight kind

shipment to charge cost

extra at cost

I. Read and translate the of business letter.

тверда пропозиція раді

що стосується

відносно

розмір

вимагати

майже

кількість

який може бути отриманий

за умови, що...

поставляти

отримувати

надавати перевагу

перевезення повітряним шляхом

рід, вид, сорт

відвантаження

назначати ціну

вартість, витрати

за додаткову сплату

text with the help of topical words. Characterize every type