- •5. Find one adjective in each group and make up sentences with them:
- •6. Put adjectives into the correct form (Degrees of Comparison).
- •7. Some designers are discussing the constraints they work under. Read their comments and match them to the constraints:
- •8. Put the verb into the correct tense form (Simple or Continuous Tenses). Translate the sentences.
- •9. Make up a short story of your own (7 – 10 sentences) to agree or disagree with one or two English proverbs. Try to find the Ukrainian equivalents to them:
- •10. Fill in the blanks with suitable words given below.
- •11. You are to give practical advice about travel in the form of eight rules. Choose three of eight headings you want to write about from those listed below. Prepare short report or presentation.
- •12. Complete the text. (Degrees of Comparison) Translate it into Ukrainian.
- •13. Put the verb into the correct tense form in Passive.
- •Exterior and interior design
- •Automobile design
- •A handmade car
- •10. Comment on the following proverbs. Find the Ukrainian equivalents to them. Make up a situation based on one of them.
- •Where does the word "automobile" come from?
- •What’s in a name?
- •10. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word in capitals.
- •11. Read and translate this extract in written form.
- •The instrument panel
- •9. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Aluminum – the metal of the year
- •The smart
The smart
Over the last years people have got used to the sight of very small cars parked in tiny parking spaces. Smart is one of the world’s youngest car makers and yet the Smart Fortwo is such a distinctive car that it has already been included as an exhibit in the Museum of Modern Art in New York – one of only six cars to attain this distinction.
In April 1994, the Micro Compact Car AG was founded in Switzerland as a joint venture between Mercedes-Benz and Swatch. Nicolas Hayek, the inventor of the Swatch watch, brought his idea for an ultra-short small car and Mercedes-Benz contributed expertise and experience from more than a hundred years of building cars. Engineers devised a car which is not only extremely mobile and efficient, but also very economical. Its other key feature is safety, with its unique tridion cell.
After starting development, the Smart Fortwo celebrated its premiere at the Motor Show in 1997. Production in Hambach, France, started in 1998, and sales took off in other European countries. There is no doubt that it is a leader in urban mobility. All Smart vehicles embody the same brand values and have the same ‘DNA’: innovation, functionality and joie de vivre. They appeal to people who are sporty, independent and young at heart; people who love clever solutions and are open to new ideas.
Answer these questions:
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Smart?
In which countries do you think small cars are most successful?
Do you think small cars will become more popular in the future? Why?
Complete the table:
The exterior |
The interior |
Bonnet, front bumper, …
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Air vent, car seat (headrest), … |
Airbag, speedometer, headlight, petrol cap or flap, sunroof, sill, ashtray, wheel arch, cigarette lighter, dashboard, wheel trim, logo, windscreen wiper, wing, aerial, boot, gearstick, number plate, glove compartment, rear window, handbrake, horn, ignition, wing mirror, rear-view mirror, seat belt, rear light, steering wheel, sun visor, engine oil temperature gauge, fuel gauge.
Read “The Mini Story”. Which three paragraphs are from the same article and which one is from a fashion magazine? Put the paragraphs from the article in the correct order.
A There are 2,500 employees at the plant and the working environment is good. The car assembly line is designed ergonomically to be easy in use and comfortable for the operators. The car is raised, lowered and turned through 90 degrees so the workers can do their jobs easily. Old-fashioned, noisy, compressed-air tools have been replaced with more accurate electric tools. |
B The first Mini was made in 1959 and since then over five million people have owned one. BMW, a German car manufacturer, now owns the Mini and the newest model is being manufactured in England. |
C During the 1990s approximately £500 million was spent to change an old Oxford car factory into a state-of-the-art manufacturing plant. It now produces around 1000,000 Minis a year. |
D In Britain in the 1960s the only really cool car was the Mini. Everybody wanted one. It starred in advertisement and films and was as famous as the Beatles or the Rolling Stones. Anyone who was young and rich, famous and fashionable had to be photographed sitting on, in or just near one. And those who were poor and unknown wanted one too. They were small and cheap and suited free generation. |
Answer these questions:
When was the first Mini made?
Why is the Mini factory in Oxford so special?
How many new Minis are made each year?
How many people work at the Mini factory?
Why is the new factory better for the workers?
Here are some factors people consider when buying a car. Match the factors with the definitions.
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There are several common car body styles:
ENCLOSED: |
OPEN or PARTLY ENCLOSED: |
Sedan, known as a Saloon |
Roadster |
Hardtop |
Convertible |
Coupe |
Cabriolet |
Limousine |
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REAR DOOR DESIGNS: |
OTHER: |
Station wagon or Estate car |
Sport utility vehicle (SUV), Coupe Utility or Ute |
Hatchback |
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Lift back |
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Automobile
mechanic |
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exterior design |
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traffic warden |
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interior design |
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corporate identity |
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cigarette lighter |
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assembly line |
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ashtray |
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technical requirements |
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bonnet (hood) |
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fuel consumption |
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boot (trunk) |
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customer demands |
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aerial |
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technical inclination |
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head and rear lights |
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streamlined look |
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cup holder |
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body style / bodywork |
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sun visor |
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four-wheel drive |
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glove compartment |
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frame and chassis |
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sunroof |
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floor pan |
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indicator (turn signal) |
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model ranges |
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logo, badge, brand image |
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colour and trim design |
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exhaust pipe |
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sound proofing |
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number plate |
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transmission |
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wing mirror |
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muffler |
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spare wheel |
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battery |
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mud flap, mudguard |
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steering wheel |
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sill, grill(e) |
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air vent |
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luxury-class off-road vehicle |
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cockpit |
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washer nozzle |
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windscreen (windshield) wiper |
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accelerator, brake pedal, clutch pedal |
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semi-automatic |
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dashboard / instrument panel |
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inlet and exhaust valves |
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to move backwards and forwards |
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chassis frame |
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handbrake |
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crankshaft |
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horn |
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camshaft |
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ignition key |
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cast iron |
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rear-view mirror |
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alloy |
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petrol cap (flap), petrol tank |
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piston,cylinder |
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to maintain |
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piston rings |
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fuel gauge |
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flywheel |
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spring |
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boot lid |
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anti-lock braking system |
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gearstick / gearbox |
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intake stroke |
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airbag |
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compression |
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shock absorber |
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power stroke |
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warm-up period |
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exhaust stroke |
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resale value |
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automated assembly process |
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first gear |
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lubricating / oiling system |
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reverse gear |
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internal combustion engine |
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neutral gear |
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drum and disc brakes |
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emery cloth |
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brake shoe |
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to cause wearing |
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wheelbase |
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propeller shaft |
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electrically operated pump |
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cooling system |
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float chamber |
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spark plug |
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needle valve |
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pressure gauge |
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choke tube |
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seat (safety) belt |
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throttle valve |
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air and petrol mixture |
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jet |
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driving shaft |
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roof-rack |
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driven shaft |
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cab |
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lay shaft |
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filling station |
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gear |
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hubcap |
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leaf spring |
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jack |
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coil spring |
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license plate |
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primary coil |
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parking lights |
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secondary coil |
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screwdriver |
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contract breaker |
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spanner |
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rumble seat |
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service station |
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rubbing / friction |
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trailer |
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window roller |
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British English |
American English |
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accelerator |
(also) gas pedal |
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aerial |
antenna |
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aluminium |
aluminum |
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bonnet |
hood |
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boot |
trunk |
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camper van |
recreational vehicle (RV) |
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crossing |
intersection |
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driving licence |
driver’s license |
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engine |
(also) motor |
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estate car |
station wagon (SW) |
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gear lever/stick |
gear shift / stick shift |
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gearbox |
transmission |
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glove compartment |
(also) glow box |
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gudgeon pin |
piston pin |
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indicator |
turn signal |
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kerb weight |
curb weight |
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lorry |
truck |
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motorway |
highway, freeway |
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number plate |
licence plate |
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oil sump |
oil pan |
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MPV |
(also) minivan |
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people carrier |
MPV or minivan |
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petrol cap (flap) |
gas tank lid |
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petrol station |
gas station |
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roundabout |
traffic circle |
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saloon |
sedan |
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side light |
parking light |
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silencer |
muffler |
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subway |
underpass |
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swept volume |
piston displacement |
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tyre |
tire |
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windscreen |
windshield |
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wing mirror |
side mirror |
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wing |
fender |
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