- •И.А.Гивенталь Как Это Сказать По-Английски?
- •Предисловие Пора бы нам всем уже заговорить по-английски!
- •Кому адресован учебник «как это сказать по-английски»?
- •Содержание
- •Введение
- •Глава 1. Суть метода.
- •Глава 2. Как заговорить «по-чужому»?
- •Глава 3. Для чего нужны артикуляционно-грамматические упражнения?
- •Глава 4. Структура учебника.
- •Глава 5. Как выполнять артикуляционно-грамматические упражнения. Техника речи 1.
- •Техника речи 2
- •Глава 6. Как правильно работать с учебником, чтобы быстро заговорить по-английски.
- •От автора.
- •I don't (do not) always drink coffee in the morning.
- •It doesn't (does not) usually help me.
- •I often dance. Do I often dance? I don’t often dance.
- •Лексический минимум
- •I am angry. Am I angry? I am not angry.
- •I am always hungry. Am I always hungry? I am not always hungry.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 4
- •Is he a good teacher?
- •Лексический минимум
- •I am your aunt.
- •I am not your aunt.
- •Лексический минимум
- •I can dance.
- •I can’t dance.
- •Лексический минимум
- •I have not a car
- •I don't have a car
- •Do you have time for your lessons?
- •I don’t always have time for my lessons.
- •I always have dinner at home.
- •I don’t always have dinner at home.
- •Лексический минимум
- •I am drinking coffee. Am I drinking coffee?
- •I am not drinking coffee.
- •I think, you are busy now – Yes, I’m. I am thinking.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 10
- •I have been watching since morning.
- •I have not been watching tv since morning.
- •Лексический минимум.
- •Урок 11
- •I bought bread yesterday
- •I didn’t buy bread yesterday.
- •I was hungry 2 hours ago.
- •I wasn’t hungry 2 hours ago.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 12
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 13
- •Is there a dictionary on the shelf?
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 14
- •1 «Я умел делать это» 2 «я сумел сделать это» («мне удалось сделать это») плф теоретический материал
- •I couldn’t speak English 2 weeks ago.
- •Could your dad speak 5 foreign languages in youth?
- •Could your brother swim in childhood?
- •Could you speak English 2 weeks ago?
- •I didn’t manage to speak to a foreigner yesterday.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 15
- •I was watching tv – at 5.
- •I was watching tv while mummy was cooking dinner.
- •I was watching tv while (as) my parents were abusing.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 16
- •Теоретический материал
- •I have already written a letter.
- •I have just eaten an apple.
- •I have gone to the theatre today.
- •It’s the best book I have ever read.
- •It’s the worst film I’ve seen.
- •I never drank coffee in childhood.
- •I haven’t been to the theatre for ages.
- •I have eaten nothing since morning.
- •It’s the first time I’ve driven a car.
- •It’s the third time he has phoned this evening.
- •I have already read this book.
- •I haven’t read this book yet.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 18
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 19
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 20
- •I am so dirty because I have been painting a fence.
- •You are so dirty! What have you been doing?
- •I am so satisfied but tired a little. I am satisfied because I have painted a fence and I am tired because I have been painting it for too long.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 21
- •I was very tired when I came home. I had been working hard all day long.
- •It was raining when we went out.
- •I had been writing a letter for 2 hours before (when) he came.
- •I had not been writing a letter for 2 yours when he came.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 22
- •I’ve tried to advise her but she won’t listen ( she refuses to listen).
- •The car won’t start (the car “refuses” to start). I wonder what’s wrong with it?
- •I have no money. What shall I do?
- •I’ll come back in 5 minutes.
- •I won’t come back in 5 minutes.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 23
- •I am not working tomorrow. We can go out somewhere.
- •I am having dinner with my aunt on Wednesday.
- •I am going to school tomorrow.
- •I am not going to school tomorrow.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 24
- •I was just going to cross the road when somebody shouted “Stop!”.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 25
- •2. So long as
- •I’ll try to find out when you will visit me.
- •I’ll tell you everything when you visit me.
- •I want to know if you will visit me.
- •I won’t give you an ice cream until you have finished your soup.
- •I’ll buy something for supper if I go shopping.
- •I won’t buy something for supper if I go shopping.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 26
- •I’ll have written my textbook by September.
- •I’ll have fired (dismissed) him by the end of the week.
- •I won’t have fired him by the end of the week.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 27
- •I’ll be watching tv while my mummy is making supper.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 28
- •In August we will have been living in Moscow for 7 years.
- •In 2 month she will have been working at school for 10 years.
- •In December I‘ll have been working on this textbook for 6 month.
- •I won’t have been working on this book for 6 month in December.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 29
- •Теоретический материал
- •I promise he will come tomorrow.
- •I’ll explain why he came yesterday.
- •I don’t know who this woman is.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 30
- •Is bread usually cut with a knife?
- •Idioms in this book are arranged in alphabetical order.
- •I am often invited to the parties.
- •I am not often invited to the parties.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 31 (продолжение урока 30)
- •I often give him books.
- •I promise you the pay rise.
- •I offer you a well-paid job.
- •He is paid well for English lessons.
- •English lessons are paid well.
- •First-year students are taught English.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 32 (продолжение урока 30 и 31)
- •I dictate letters to her every day.
- •I seldom write letters to her.
- •I repeat these wards to you every day of the week.
- •I declare that you are not wanted here.
- •It is declared to me that I am not wanted here.
- •I buy clothes (things) for my children at Konkovo.
- •I recommend you to consult the doctor.
- •It is recommended to you to consult the doctor.
- •I am recommended to all the familiars as an honest doctor.
- •I address you my thanks.
- •I suggest going to the cinema.
- •I suggest that he should go to the cinema.
- •I suggest going to the cinema
- •I am often offered a good job.
- •I am not often offered a good job.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 33 (Продолжение уроков 30, 31, 32)
- •Список наиболее употребительных глаголов, особенно часто используемых в пассивной конструкции:
- •I am often spoken about.
- •I am not often spoken about.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 34
- •Are you being served at the moment?
- •Is he being fed with anything delicious now?
- •I am free; I am not being waited for.
- •I am being waited for at the moment.
- •I am not being waited for at the moment.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 35
- •I have been spoken about since Monday.
- •I have not been spoken since Monday.
- •I have been asked since morning.
- •I have not been asked since morning.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 36
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 37
- •I was being examined by a doctor when my granny came into the room.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 38
- •Have you been fed?
- •I haven’t been shown on tv yet.
- •I have just been asked.
- •I haven’t just been asked.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 39
- •I had been shown on tv before electricity was cut off.
- •I’m afraid, I hadn’t been shown on tv before it started raining.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 40
- •I had been asked for a few minutes before our principal entered the classroom.
- •I hadn’t been asked for a few minutes before our principal entered the classroom.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 41
- •I won’t be asked tomorrow.
- •I will be asked in 5 minutes.
- •I won’t be asked in 5 minutes.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 42
- •I won’t have been shown on tv before you go out.
- •I will have been woken up by the beginning of the film.
- •I won’t have been woken up by the beginning of the film.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 43
- •Лексический минимум
- •Урок 44
- •I will be shown on tv tomorrow from 2 till 5.
- •I won’t be shown on tv tomorrow from 2 till 5.
- •Лексический минимум
- •Приложение 1
- •I like to write with a pencil.
- •Приложение 2 Наиболее употребительные неправильные глаголы.
- •V v2 v3
- •Лексический минимум а
- •5 Www.Kespa.Ru - Школа английского языка и.Гивенталь
Лексический минимум
беременная – pregnant
беспорядки – disorders
благодаря нему – thanks to him; because of him
болтать без умолку – to chat nonstop
быть готовым – to be ready
вдруг – suddenly
возмутительно – disgusting!; disgraceful!; shocking!
вред – harm
греметь – to thunder
гром – thunder
давно – long ago
допрашивать – to examine, to question
заглянуть – to have a look (at)
идти на поводу – to follow smb.'s tastes
изо дня в день – from day to day
испытать – 1) (проверять) to try, to test; 2) (ощущать) to experience, to feel
кабинет – a study
костер – a (camp)fire
курение – smoking
лесник – a forester
на заседании – at the meeting
нагнетать панику – to force panic
награждать – to reward (with); to decorate (with), to award
обращаться с кем-нибудь – to treat to somebody
одно и то же – the same
основать – to found
осознать – to realize
повторять – to repeat; to review (урок)
появиться – to appear
раздался звонок – the bell rang out
разжигать – to light
расплакаться – to burst into tears, to burst out crying
рукопись – manuscript
самовлюбленный – self-enamoured
следователь – an investigator
читать нотацию – to lesson
чуть не – nearly; almost
Урок 38
«ЭТО УЖЕ
СДЕЛАЛИ»
«ЭТО ТОЛЬКО ЧТО СДЕЛАЛИ»
«ЭТО СДЕЛАЛИ
СЕГОДНЯ»
«ЭТО НИКОГДА НЕ ДЕЛАЛИ»
«ЭТО ДЕЛАЕТСЯ
ВПЕРВЫЕ»
П Л Ф
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ
Судя по словам-показателям, всем этим ПЛФ соответствует английское грамматическое время present perfect (повторите уроки 16,17).
Судя по форме предложения, залог – пассивный (см. урок 30).
Подставляя формулу залога BE + V3 в формулу времени HAVE + V3, получаем:
ФОРМУЛА PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE VOICE: HAVE BEEN + V3
Тебя уже показали по телевизору.
You have already been shown on TV.
Вас только что покормили.
You have just been fed.
За доктором уже послали.
The doctor has already been sent for.
Здание было только что разрушено.
The building has just been destroyed.
Вопросительная форма present perfect passive voice образуется путем постановки глагола have \ has перед подлежащим.
Тебя уже показали по телевизору?
Have you been shown on TV yet?
Вас покормили?
Have you been fed?
За доктором послали?
Has the doctor been sent for?
Здание было разрушено только что?
Has the building just been destroyed?
Отрицательная форма present perfect passive voice образуется путем постановки после вспомогательного глагола have \ has отрицательной частицы not.
Меня еще не показали по телевизору.
I haven’t been shown on tv yet.
Нас сегодня не кормили.
We haven’t been fed today.
За доктором еще не послали.
The doctor hasn’t been sent for yet.
Здание не было разрушено на этой неделе.
The building hasn’t been destroyed this week.
ТЕХНИКА РЕЧИ 1
Пример: Меня только что спросили.