Инфинитив Второстепенные

Подлежащее Сказуемое члены предложения

He is said to test this plane.

Переводится придаточным дополнительным предложением с союзами «что» (иногда «чтобы»), при чем подлежащим придаточного предложения становится при переводе подлежащее всего предложения, а сказуемое соответствует инфинитиву этого оборота.

Говорят, что он испытает этот самолет.

1. – употребляется в пассивном залоге:

– He is known to be a good writer. – Его знают как хорошего писателя.

– He is said to be a good actor. – Говорят, что он хороший актер.

2. – употребляется с глаголами to seem, to appear, to prove (оказаться), to turn out (являться):

– You seem to know the material very well. – Похоже, что ты знаешь

материал очень хорошо.

3. – состоит из to be + sure, certain, likely.

– He is sure to come soon. – Он, наверное, скоро придет.

c) the for – to – Infinitive Construction

for + объектное местоимение/ существительное + инфинитив с “to”

Этот оборот может выполнять разные функции:

1. Сложное дополнение

We waited for him to leave. – Мы ждали, чтобы он ушел.

2. сложное определение

Here are some books for you to read. – Тут есть для тебя книги (Тут есть книги, которые ты прочитаешь)

3. сложное подлежащее

It was necessary for you to go there at once. – Необходимо, чтобы ты пошел туда сейчас.

4. обстоятельства цели или результата

I’ve closed the window for you not to catch cold. – Я закрыл окно, чтобы ты не простудился.

Завдання 1. Визначте функцію інфінітива в наступних реченнях. Перекладіть речення на українською мовою.

1. To greet the famous guests was a great honor for the students. 2. The lecture to be attended is of a great importance. 3. These devices are used to help people to see. 4. We are to wish your friends every success. 5. You must do this task in time. 6. Our aim is to fulfill this task completely. 7. We decided to leave the country. 8. She put her hand into the bag to find the key. 9. There are some letters to post. 10. She was happy to be invited to the party.

Завдання 2А. Визначте час, вид і залог інфінітива.

Наприклад: I’m glad to teach English – Indefinite, Indefinite, Active Voice.

1. My daughter is glad to be taught English. 2. She is glad to be teaching such clever students. 3. You must be glad to have taught this subject before. 4. I am sorry not to have helped you. 5. He seems to be waiting for us. 6. I must post these letters. 7. It is so glorious to love and to be loved.

Завдання 3. Перекладіть наступні речення, звертаючи увагу на зворот Складний додаток з інфінітивом –Complex Object.

1. I wanted him to be present at the lecture. 2. He wanted the work to be done properly. 3. I know the student to live in Baker’s Street. 4. He knows them to have met by accident. 5. I haven’t heard anyone call me. 6. I felt the blood rush into my cheeks. 7. Everybody expected her to marry Pete. 8. Light steps made him turn his head. 9. He intended me to go with him to India. 10. I dislike you to talk like that.

Завдання 4. Перекладіть речення, звертаючи увагу на зворот Складний підмет з інфінітивом –Complex Subject.

1. I seem to be unable to solve this problem. 2. We happened to be in London on that day. 3. The playwright is supposed to be working at a new comedy. 4. They are sure to reach the shore safely. 5. The weather is not likely to change. 6. They are said to have been in London last month. 7. He seemed to be enjoying the performance. 8. The President is reported to have left Kyiv for London. 9. I happened to hear this yesterday. 10. The picture is believed to have been painted by Repin.

Завдання 5. Перекладіть речення, звертаючи увагу на зворот for + “to” Infinitive.

1. I think it is a shame for people to spend so much money this way. 2. He waited for her to speak. 3. He asked for the papers to be brought. 4. The best thing for you to do is to wait here. 5. There’s nobody here for him to play with. 6. He had a comfortable house for her to live in. 7. He stepped aside for me to pass. 8. He spoke loud enough for you to hear.

Завдання 6А. Розкрийте дужки, уживаючи Participle I, Gerund або Infinitive з часткою to чи без неї. Поясніть свій вибір. Речення перекладіть українською мовою.

A. 1. Stop (make) … that dreadful noise. 2. I like (bathe) … in the sea. 3. You must (do) … what I tell you (do) … without (ask) … why. 4. Let him (come) … again tomorrow. 5. What made you (think) … so? 6. He came down to tea after (wash) … his face. 7. (Play) … the piano requires skill. 8. (Live) … long, you should (take) … regular exercises. 9. Try (solve) … the puzzle without (look) … at the answer. 10. I saw a man (stand) … at the street corner (sell) … newspapers. 11. Every evening we used (sit) … at the fire-place (speak) … about our friends. 12. I tried (amuse) … the baby (keep) … it from (cry) …. 13. Would you like (see) … them? 14. Would you like (visit) … London? 15. I stopped for a moment (speak) … to him.

B. 1. Every car manufacturer in the world will be here either by (bring) … vehicles here from Japan or from the U.S. or by (manufacture) … vehicles here in Europe. 2. The Japanese are expected (increase) … their current 10 % European market share. 3. Japanese car manufacturers are (become) … more internationally minded and acquiring greater international sensibility. 4. Japanese car manufacturers don’t want (conquer) … the European market by (beat) … the local manufacturers. 5. Germany has (emerge) … as the main early target for manufacturers. 6. Ford of Europe is now (develop) … the successor to the Sierra. 7. Foreign car sales in Japan are (grow) … fast. 8. Five or six years ago you could not (go) … to the bank for a loan for a foreign car. 9. Japanese manufacturers have recently seen the potential (offer) … a greater choice by marketing foreign models. 10. We'll invest a total of £ 840 million ($ 1.59 billion) in our U.K. plants (produce) … 200,000 cars and engines (employ) … 3,300 local workers there. 11. BMW believes 75 % of a car can be (recycle) …. 12. A plasma furnace would be able (recover) … the rare metals from the exhaust system's catalytic converter. 13. Mercedes-Benz and Volkswagen – like BMW – are already (talk) … openly about disassembly plants. 14. The next step will be to eliminate combining plastics to make individual parts so that (recycle) … can be quicker. 15. Volvo has already introduced a solvent-free underseal for (protect) … the underside of the body shell from corrosion.

Завдання 7. Назвіть конструкції, уживані в наступних реченнях: А – Объектный відмінок з дієприкметником, Б – Самостійний дієприкметниковий зворот; В – Герундіальний зворот; Г – Зворот «for + іменник / займенник + інфінітив»; Д – Объектный відмінок з інфінітивом; Е – Називний відмінок з інфінітивом.

1. The work finished, we went to have dinner. 2. I must have my luggage sent to the station. 3. He is likely to know some foreign languages. 4. He was expected to arrive in the evening. 5. She wants to have the walls of this room painted. 6. I saw the child run in the park. Later I saw him running along the street. 7. The weather being fine, we went for a walk. 8. I heard his name mentioned several times. 9. There was no hope of our getting the tickets to the theatre. 10. We know of Newton's having developed the principles of mechanics.

Завдання 8. Визначте неособові форми дієслова, які уживані у наступних реченнях. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

1. The problems to be studied are of great importance. 2. The problem studied helped us to understand many things. 3. To study the problem we must make some experiments. 4. To study the problem means to give answers to many questions. 5. Having studied the problem we could answer many questions. 6. The problem studied is unlikely to be of great interest. 7. Scientists studying the problem made a lot of experiments to get answers to those questions. 8. The experiment being successfully made, the scientists solved some important problems.